NTRK1 knockdown induces mouse cognitive impairment and hippocampal neuronal damage through mitophagy suppression via inactivating the AMPK/ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway.

Hippocampal neuronal damage may induce cognitive impairment. Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1) reportedly regulates neuronal damage, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of NTRK1 in mouse hippocampal neuronal damage and the specific mechanism.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of long term physical and mental sequelae of COVID-19 pandemic: call for research priority and action.

The long-term physical and mental sequelae of COVID-19 are a growing public health concern, yet there is considerable uncertainty about their prevalence, persistence and predictors. We conducted a comprehensive, up-to-date meta-analysis of survivors' health consequences and sequelae for COVID-19. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched through Sep 30th, 2021.

Neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19, potential neurotropic mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused large-scale economic and social losses and worldwide deaths. Although most COVID-19 patients have initially complained of respiratory insufficiency, the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations is also reported frequently, ranging from headache, hyposmia/anosmia, and neuromuscular dysfunction to stroke, seizure, encephalopathy, altered mental status, and psychiatric disorders, both in the acute phase and in the long term. These neuropsychiatric complications have emerged as a potential indicator of worsened clinical outcomes and poor prognosis, thus contributing to mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Mental and neurological disorders and risk of COVID-19 susceptibility, illness severity and mortality: A systematic review, meta-analysis and call for action.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved into a worldwide pandemic, and has been found to be closely associated with mental and neurological disorders. We aimed to comprehensively quantify the association between mental and neurological disorders, both pre-existing and subsequent, and the risk of susceptibility, severity and mortality of COVID-19.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane library databases for studies published from the inception up to January 16, 2021 and updated at July 7, 2021.

Clinical features of syphilitic myelitis with longitudinally extensive myelopathy on spinal magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Syphilitic myelitis caused by is an extremely rare disease. However, symptomatic neurosyphilis, especially syphilitic myelitis, and its clinical features have been infrequently reported. Only a few cases of syphilitic myelitis have been documented.

Vertebrobasilar artery dissection manifesting as Millard-Gubler syndrome in a young ischemic stroke patient: A case report.

Background: Millard-Gubler syndrome (MGS) is caused by a lesion in the brainstem at the level of the facial nerve nucleus, and it is also a rare ventral pontine syndrome. Vertebrobasilar artery dissection (VAD) is an uncommon cause of ischemic stroke. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on the coexistence of MGS and VAD in a young acute ischemic stroke patient.

Nitrous oxide induced subacute combined degeneration with longitudinally extensive myelopathy with inverted V-sign on spinal MRI: a case report and literature review.

Background: Nitrous oxide (N2O), a long-standing anesthetic, is also neurotoxic by interfering with the bioavailability of vitamin B12 if abused. A few case studies have reported the neurological and psychiatric complications of N2O.

Case Presentation: Here, we reported a patient of N2O induced subacute combined degeneration (SCD) with longitudinally extensive myelopathy with inverted V-sign exhibiting progressive limb paresthesia and unsteady gait.

Disconnections of Cortico-Subcortical Pathways Related to Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Leukoaraiosis: A Preliminary Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.

Background: We aimed to explore the relation between the microstructural integrity of white matter using the technique of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and changes of cognition in leukoaraiosis (LA).

Methods: Fifty patients with LA and 50 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited consecutively. The average values of mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were quantified both within white matter lesions (WMLs) and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) from the regions of interest (ROIs).

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis following Vaccination against Hepatitis B in a Child: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which has been associated with several vaccines such as rabies, diphtheria-tetanus-polio, smallpox, measles, mumps, rubella, Japanese B encephalitis, pertussis, influenza, and the Hog vaccine. Here, we presented a case of 12-year-old child who suffered from ADEM three weeks after hepatitis B vaccination. He was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of weakness of limbs, high fever, and alteration of consciousness.

Efficacy of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Vascular Dementia: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Background/aims: The objective of this study was to determine whether treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors would provide cognitive benefit for patients with vascular dementia.

Methods: Studies in patients with vascular dementia, who had not taken acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or memantine for at least 6 weeks, were included.

Results: Twelve studies were included in the final analysis.

[Correlates of cognitive impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis by magnetic resonance spectroscopy].

Objective: To explore the pathological changes in patients with leukoaraiosis (LA) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and examine its relationship with cognitive function.

Methods: Twenty-three LA patients and 23 age and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited from the Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University between August 2010 and November 2010. All participants underwent the neuropsychological tests.

[Characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis].

Objective: To explore the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis (LA).

Methods: Forty-six LA patients and 38 age and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited from the Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University between September 2010 and March 2011. All participants underwent the neuropsychological tests recommended by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network Vascular Cognitive Impairment Harmonization Standards (NINDS/CSN).

Replication and extension of the simplified modified rankin scale in 150 Chinese stroke patients.

Background: Recently, a simplified modified Rankin Scale (mRS) questionnaire (smRSq) showed good reliability but has not been tested for its validity by its original creators. Our study aimed to test its reliability and validity in Chinese stroke patients.

Methods: Randomly chosen paired raters scored the smRSq, the conventional mRS, and the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) face-to-face in 150 hospitalized stroke patients.

Acute infarct of the corpus callosum presenting as alien hand syndrome: evidence of diffusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance angiography.

Background: Infarcts of the corpus callosum are rare and have not been well documented previously. As for a variety of signs and symptoms presented, alien hand syndrome (AHS) can be easily overlooked.

Case Presentation: In this report, we present a patient with a mixed types of AHS coexistence secondary to the corpus callosum infarction, including a motor type of AHS by intermanual conflict (callosal type AHS) and a sensory type of AHS by alien hand and left hemianesthesia (posterior AHS).

Inhibition of endothelin-1 and hypoxia-induced pulmonary pressor responses in the rat by a novel selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist, di-n-butylaminocarbamyl-L-leucyl-D-tryptophanyl-D-4-chloro-Phe.

Pulmonary hypertension is a kind of disease associated with a very high rate of mortality, and there are not many effective drugs for the treatment. Today, endothelin (ET)-1 receptor antagonists were proved to be effective in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Aiming at developing new endothelin-A receptor (ETA) antagonist for treatment of pulmonary hypertension, di-n-butylaminocarbamyl-L-leucyl-D-tryptophanyl-D-4-chloro-Phe, named GF063, was synthesized at base of selective ETA receptor antagonist BQ485 and selected for the further pharmacological characterization.

[Antagonizing effects of novel multipeptid analogues on endothelin receptors and their pharmacological characteristics in cardiovascular system].

Aim: To investigate the antagonistic effects of the novel compounds on vasoconstriction induced by ET-1 and the effect on the blood pressure of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Methods: Organ bath experiment and whole cardiac function experiment were used.

Results: The analogues of o-CPhe-D-Trp-D-Phe(-X)-OH showed good ability against endothelin biological effects.