The efficacy and safety of continuous theta burst stimulation for auditory hallucinations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Auditory hallucinations are the most frequently occurring psychotic symptom in schizophrenia. Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) has been used as an adjuvant treatment for auditory hallucinations. This meta-analysis focused on randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of adjuvant cTBS on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.

Corrigendum: Lower serum insulin-like growth factor 2 level in patients with bipolar disorder is associated with the severity of manic symptoms during manic episodes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.

Lower serum insulin-like growth factor 2 level in patients with bipolar disorder is associated with the severity of manic symptoms during manic episodes.

Objective: Accumulating evidence has indicated that neurodevelopmental defects may underlie the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are a family of neurotrophic factors that are essential for the survival and development of neurons. The present study aims to investigate whether IGF-2 signaling is implicated in the pathophysiological processes of BD.

Autophagy promotes membrane trafficking of NR2B to alleviate depression by inhibiting AQP4 expression in mice.

Depression is a high-incidence mental illness that seriously affects human health. AQP4 has been reported to be closely associated with depression, while the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This work aimed to investigate the functional role of AQP4 in depression.

Life extension factor klotho regulates behavioral responses to stress via modulation of GluN2B function in the nucleus accumbens.

Klotho is a life extension factor that has the ability to regulate the function of GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), whose dysfunction in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) underlies critical aspects of the pathophysiology of major depression. Here, we study the functional relevance of klotho in the pathogenesis of depression. A chronic social defeat stress paradigm, in which mice are categorized as either susceptible or unsusceptible based on their performance in a social interaction test, was used in this study.

Decreased Plasma Hydrogen Sulfide Level Is Associated With the Severity of Depression in Patients With Depressive Disorder.

Accumulating evidence has suggested a dysfunction of synaptic plasticity in the pathophysiology of depression. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous gasotransmitter that regulates synaptic plasticity, has been demonstrated to contribute to depressive-like behaviors in rodents. The current study investigated the relationship between plasma HS levels and the depressive symptoms in patients with depression.

Flavonoid fisetin reverses impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function by regulating the function of AMPARs in a male rat model of schizophrenia.

Cognitive deficits are the core feature of schizophrenia and effective treatment strategies are still missing. Previous studies have reported that fisetin promotes long-term potentiation (LTP) and cognitive function in normal rodents and other model animals of neurological diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of fisetin on synaptic plasticity and cognitive deficits caused by a brief disruption of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) with dizocilpine (MK-801) during early development in rats.

Erratum to: Changes of Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 Response to Negative Symptom Improvements in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Atypical Antipsychotics.

The article "Changes of Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 Response to Negative Symptom Improvements in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Atypical Antipsychotics", written by Xue-lin CHAO, Shu-zhen JIANG, Jian-wen XIONG, Jin-qiong ZHAN, Bo WEI, Chun-nuan CHEN, Yuan-jian YANG was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal on June 2020 without open access. With the author(s)' decision to opt for Open Choice, the copyright of the article is changed to © The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.

SKF83959, an agonist of phosphatidylinositol-linked dopamine receptors, prevents renewal of extinguished conditioned fear and facilitates extinction.

Fear-related anxiety disorders, such as social phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder, are partly explained by an uncontrollable state of fear. An emerging literature suggests dopamine receptor-1 (D receptor) in the amygdala is involved in the regulation of fear memory. An early study has reported that amygdaloid D receptor (DR) is not coupled to the classic cAMP-dependent signal transduction.

Long non-coding RNA uc.80- overexpression promotes M2 polarization of microglias to ameliorate depression in rats.

Microglia polarization is associated with the pathogenesis of depression. A previous study shows that long non-coding RNA uc.80- is down-regulated in the hippocampus of depressed rats.

Changes of Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 Response to Negative Symptom Improvements in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Atypical Antipsychotics.

Accumulating evidence suggests that a disruption of early brain development, in which insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) has a crucial role, may underlie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Our previous study has shown that decreased serum IGF-2 was correlated with the severity of psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia. Here we conducted a prospective observation trial to investigate the effects of atypical antipsychotics on serum IGF-2 level and its relationship with clinical improvements in schizophrenia patients.

Increased Plasma Level of Longevity Protein Klotho as a Potential Indicator of Cognitive Function Preservation in Patients With Schizophrenia.

Cognitive impairments are a core feature of schizophrenia. Klotho is an anti-aging protein with demonstrated cognitive-enhancing effects on the brain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in levels of plasma klotho between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, as well as the relationship between klotho level and cognitive function in patients.

Altered insulin-like growth factor-2 signaling is associated with psychopathology and cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia is linked with abnormal brain neurodevelopment, on which IGF-2 (insulin-like growth factor-2) has a great impact. The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of serum IGF-2 and its binding proteins IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-7 in schizophrenia patients and the associations of these proteins with schizophrenia psychopathology and cognitive deficits.

Methods: Thirty-two schizophrenia patients and 30 healthy controls were recruited.

The association between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia.

Accumulating evidence has shown that insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are implicated in schizophrenia. Altered serum levels of IGF-1 have been found in schizophrenia patients and are associated with psychopathological symptoms. However, whether there is a relationship between IGF-1 and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia remains unknown.

[Improved effects of saponins from Panax japonicus on decline of cognitive function in natural aging rats via NLRP3 inflammasome pathway].

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of total saponins from Panax japonicus( SPJ) on cognitive decline of natural aging rats and its mechanism. Thirty male SD rats of eighteen month old were randomly divided into three groups: aged group,10 mg·kg~(-1) SPJ-treated group and 30 mg·kg~(-1) SPJ-treated group. The SPJ-treated groups were given SPJ at the dosages of 10 mg·kg~(-1) and 30 mg·kg~(-1),respectively,from the age of 18 to 24 months.

Aripiprazole for the treatment of duloxetine-induced hyperprolactinemia: A case report.

Background: It is well known that aripiprazole co-treatment effectively reduces antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. However, the effectiveness of aripiprazole to treat high prolactin levels induced by antidepressant drugs with serotoninergic activity, such as duloxetine, remains unknown.

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old female diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) was treated with 100 mg sertraline once daily.

Treatment Responses of Cognitive Function and Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine to Atypical Antipsychotic in Patients With Schizophrenia.

Cognitive deficits represent a core feature of schizophrenia. Previous studies have demonstrated that plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) was increased in patients with schizophrenia and correlated with cognitive impairments. Atypical antipsychotics can produce cognitive benefits in schizophrenia patients.

Hydrogen Sulfide Reverses Aging-Associated Amygdalar Synaptic Plasticity and Fear Memory Deficits in Rats.

As an endogenous neuromodulator, hydrogen sulfide (HS) exerts multiple biological effects in the brain. Previous studies have shown that HS is involved in the regulation of neural synaptic plasticity and cognition in healthy rodents. It is well known that there is a progressive decline of cognitive function that occurs with increased age.

Decreased plasma levels of gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide in patients with schizophrenia: correlation with psychopathology and cognition.

Objective: Aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) function has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an endogenous gasotransmitter that regulates NMDAR function. The current study investigated the relationship between plasma HS levels and both psychopathological and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.

Sinomenine exerts anticonvulsant profile and neuroprotective activity in pentylenetetrazole kindled rats: involvement of inhibition of NLRP1 inflammasome.

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder and is not well controlled by available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Inflammation is considered to be a critical factor in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Sinomenine (SN), a bioactive alkaloid with anti-inflammatory effect, exerts neuroprotective activity in many nervous system diseases.

Saponins from attenuate age-related neuroinflammation regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways.

Neuroinflammation is recognized as an important pathogenic factor for aging and related cognitive disorders. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways may mediate neuroinflammation. Saponins from Panax japonicus are the most abundant and bioactive members in rhizomes of Panax japonicus, and show anti-inflammatory activity.

Cystathionine-β-synthase-derived hydrogen sulfide is required for amygdalar long-term potentiation and cued fear memory in rats.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an endogenous gaseous molecule that functions as a neuromodulator in the brain. We previously reported that HS regulated amygdalar synaptic plasticity and cued fear memory in rats. However, whether endogenous HS is required for amygdalar long-term potentiation (LTP) induction and cued fear memory formation remains unclear.

Increased plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine is associated with cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

Cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown that plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of the nitric oxide synthase, was increased in patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the association of ADMA with cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors contribute to the beneficial effects of hydrogen sulfide on cognitive and synaptic plasticity deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of clinical dementia. Previous studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is implicated with the pathology of AD, and exogenous H2S attenuates spatial memory impairments in AD animal models. However, the molecular mechanism by which H2S improves cognition in AD has not been fully explored.