3D printing of thermochromic multilayer flexible film for multilevel information encryption.

Flexible thermal-responsive encryption devices are widely employed in information encryption and anti-counterfeiting due to their cost-effectiveness and dynamic data encryption and decryption capabilities. However, most current devices are limited to a single layer of encryption, resulting in restricted decryption methods and storage capacity, as well as reliance on external heating. In this study, we integrate multiple layers of encryption within a single device and introduce self-heating thermochromic technology along with infrared thermal imaging encryption to establish a novel concept of a multilayer flexible encryption system.

Extraction and characterization of novel Prosopis Juliflora bark and Boehmeria nivea fibre for use as reinforcement in the hybrid composites with the effect of curing temperature, fibre length and weight percentages.

The hybrid composite sample based on Prosopis Juliflora (PJ) bark and ramie fibre with different length, weight percentage, and curing temperature were created for the first time in this work. Totally, 120 hybrid composite samples were tested in this study. There were five different fibre lengths: 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm, weight percentages 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 %, and different curing temperatures 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, and 120 °C used to produce the hybrid composite samples.

Multimaterial Three-Dimensional Printing of Ultraviolet-Curable Ionic Conductive Elastomers with Diverse Polymers for Multifunctional Flexible Electronics.

Ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs) are emerging stretchable and ionic conductive materials that are solvent-free and thus demonstrate excellent thermal stability. Three-dimensional (3D) printing that creates complex 3D structures in free forms is considered as an ideal approach to manufacture sophisticated ICE-based devices. However, the current technologies constrain 3D printed ICE structures in a single material, which greatly limits functionality and performance of ICE-based devices and machines.

How to select the quantitative magnetic resonance technique for subjects with fatty liver: A systematic review.

Background: Early quantitative assessment of liver fat content is essential for patients with fatty liver disease. Mounting evidence has shown that magnetic resonance (MR) technique has high accuracy in the quantitative analysis of fatty liver, and is suitable for monitoring the therapeutic effect on fatty liver. However, many packaging methods and postprocessing functions have puzzled radiologists in clinical applications.

Directly Printed Embedded Metal Mesh for Flexible Transparent Electrode via Liquid Substrate Electric-Field-Driven Jet.

Flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) with embedded metal meshes play an indispensable role in many optoelectronic devices due to their excellent mechanical stability and environmental adaptability. However, low-cost, simple, efficient, and environmental friendly integrated manufacturing of high-performance embedded metal meshes remains a huge challenge. Here, a facile and novel fabrication method is proposed for FTEs with an embedded metal mesh via liquid substrateelectric-field-driven microscale 3D printing process.

3D Printed High Performance Silver Mesh for Transparent Glass Heaters through Liquid Sacrificial Substrate Electric-Field-Driven Jet.

Transparent glass with metal mesh is considered a promising strategy for high performance transparent glass heaters (TGHs). However, the realization of simple, low-cost manufacture of high performance TGHs still faces great challenges. Here, a technique for the fabrication of high performance TGHs is proposed using liquid sacrificial substrate electric-field-driven (LS-EFD) microscale 3D printing of thick film silver paste.

Clinical efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer, its effect on nutritional status and Changes of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer and its effect on nutritional status and changes of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets.

Methods: Sixty patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who were admitted by Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from March 2020 to February 2021 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy, while the experimental group was additively treated with cindilizumab on the basis of control group.

3D Printing of a PDMS Cylindrical Microlens Array with 100% Fill-Factor.

Cylindrical microlens arrays (CMLAs) play a key role in many optoelectronic devices, and 100% fill-factor CMLAs also have the advantage of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and avoiding stray-light effects. However, the existing preparation technologies are complicated and costly, which are not suitable for mass production. Herein, we propose a simple, efficient, and low-cost manufacturing method for CMLAs with a high fill-factor via the electric-field-driven (EFD) microscale 3D printing of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).

Mechanically Robust and UV-Curable Shape-Memory Polymers for Digital Light Processing Based 4D Printing.

4D printing is an emerging fabrication technology that enables 3D printed structures to change configuration over "time" in response to an environmental stimulus. Compared with other soft active materials used for 4D printing, shape-memory polymers (SMPs) have higher stiffness, and are compatible with various 3D printing technologies. Among them, ultraviolet (UV)-curable SMPs are compatible with Digital Light Processing (DLP)-based 3D printing to fabricate SMP-based structures with complex geometry and high-resolution.

Templateless, Plating-Free Fabrication of Flexible Transparent Electrodes with Embedded Silver Mesh by Electric-Field-Driven Microscale 3D Printing and Hybrid Hot Embossing.

Flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) with an embedded metal mesh are considered a promising alternative to traditional indium tin oxide (ITO) due to their excellent photoelectric performance, surface roughness, and mechanical and environmental stability. However, great challenges remain for achieving simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly manufacturing of high-performance FTEs with embedded metal mesh. Herein, a maskless, templateless, and plating-free fabrication technique is proposed for FTEs with embedded silver mesh by combining an electric-field-driven (EFD) microscale 3D printing technique and a newly developed hybrid hot-embossing process.

Fractal-Based Stretchable Circuits via Electric-Field-Driven Microscale 3D Printing for Localized Heating of Shape Memory Polymers in 4D Printing.

Thermally responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) used in 4D printing are often reported to be activated by external heat sources or embedded stiff heaters. However, such heating strategies impede the practical application of 4D printing due to the lack of precise control over heating or the limited ability to accommodate the stretching during shape programming. Herein, we propose a novel 4D printing paradigm by fabricating stretchable heating circuits with fractal motifs via electric-field-driven microscale 3D printing of conductive paste for seamless integration into 3D printed structures with SMP components.

3D printing of highly stretchable hydrogel with diverse UV curable polymers.

Hydrogel-polymer hybrids have been widely used for various applications such as biomedical devices and flexible electronics. However, the current technologies constrain the geometries of hydrogel-polymer hybrid to laminates consisting of hydrogel with silicone rubbers. This greatly limits functionality and performance of hydrogel-polymer-based devices and machines.

Structural multi-colour invisible inks with submicron 4D printing of shape memory polymers.

Four-dimensional (4D) printing of shape memory polymer (SMP) imparts time responsive properties to 3D structures. Here, we explore 4D printing of a SMP in the submicron length scale, extending its applications to nanophononics. We report a new SMP photoresist based on Vero Clear achieving print features at a resolution of ~300 nm half pitch using two-photon polymerization lithography (TPL).

Design framework for mechanically tunable soft biomaterial composites enhanced by modified horseshoe lattice structures.

Soft biomaterials have a wide range of applications in many areas. However, one material can only cover a specific range of mechanical performance such as the elastic modulus and stretchability. In order to improve the mechanical performance of soft biomaterials, lattice structures are embedded to reinforce the biomaterials.

Self-Healing Four-Dimensional Printing with an Ultraviolet Curable Double-Network Shape Memory Polymer System.

Four-dimensional (4D) printing that enables 3D printed structures to change configurations over time has gained great attention because of its exciting potential in various applications. Among all the 4D printing materials, shape memory polymers (SMPs) possess higher stiffness and faster response rate and therefore are considered as one of most promising materials for 4D printing. However, most of the SMP-based 4D printing materials are (meth)acrylate thermosets which have permanently cross-linked covalent networks and cannot be repaired if any damage occurs.

Expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor and tumor necrosis factor-α is correlated in bladder tumor and is related to tumor angiogenesis.

Objective: Angiogenesis is a pivotal process on which solid tumor growth is substantially dependent. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is the most potent natural anti-angiogenic factor, which has seldom been studied in bladder tumor, and whose functioning pathway remains unclear. We have thus investigated PEDF expression in relation to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and microvessel density (MVD) with immunohistochemistry.

Serum protein profiling to identify biomarkers for small renal cell carcinoma.

Diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are in great need. In the present study, we compared the serum protein profiles of patients with small RCC to those of healthy individuals to identify the differentially expressed proteins with potential to serve as biomarkers. Serum samples were collected from 10 patients with small RCC and 10 healthy individuals.

Pigment epithelium-derived factor expression is down-regulated in bladder tumors and correlates with vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9.

Growth of solid tumor depends on angiogenesis, a process regulated by the balance of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. We investigated the expression of anti-angiogenic factor pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and proangiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) with immunohistochemistry in 64 bladder tumor samples and 23 normal controls. Compared with normal urothelium, we identified decreased PEDF expression (P = 0.

Application of SELDI-TOF-MS to identify serum biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Early diagnosis is critical for improving the outcome of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we applied a proteomic approach to identify serum biomarkers associated with different stages of renal tumor development.

Materials And Methods: The protein expression profiles in patient serum samples were analyzed using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (SELDI-TOF-MS).

[Proteomic analysis in combination with CT diagnosis to distinguish renal cell carcinoma from renal benign masses].

Objective: To identify the proteomic differences between renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and renal benign masses and to evaluate the diagnostic value of parallel and serial test combining with CT and surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS).

Methods: Serum samples were collected from 96 patients with renal tumors, 62 RCC cases and 34 renal benign mass cases, all of which had been evaluated by CT before surgery. The sera were analyzed using IMAC-Cu2+ ProteinChip system by SELDI-TOF-MS.

Aqua-(2,2'-bipyrid-yl)(pyrazine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato)nickel(II) 1.25-hydrate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Ni(C(6)H(2)N(2)O(4))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)]·1.25H(2)O, contains two independent chemically identical Ni(II) complex cations and two and a half solvent water mol-ecules. The Ni(II) ions are in slightly distorted coordination environments.