Publications by authors named "Yuan Xin"

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Modified Simiaowan (MSM) is a six-herb formula that has been shown to be effective in gouty arthritis (GA) has been proven, but its regulatory mechanism has not been fully elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of MSM on gouty arthritis.

Materials And Methods: Mouse J774A.

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Objective: Based on ultrasound (US) images, this study aimed to detect and quantify calcifications of thyroid nodules, which are regarded as one of the most important features in US diagnosis of thyroid cancer, and to further investigate the value of US calcifications in predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Methods: Based on the DeepLabv3+ networks, 2992 thyroid nodules in US images were used to train a model to detect thyroid nodules, of which 998 were used to train a model to detect and quantify calcifications. A total of 225 and 146 thyroid nodules obtained from two centers, respectively, were used to test the performance of these models.

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  • The study investigates how warming in degraded permafrost affects mercury methylation and soil organic matter decomposition, revealing significant interactions between these factors.
  • An experiment showed that warming increased methylmercury production by 130%-205% and affected total mercury loss, with variations based on marsh types.
  • Additionally, warming led to enhanced greenhouse gas emissions and changes in dissolved organic matter fluorescence, influencing 60%-82% of methylmercury variation, suggesting complex positive and negative interactions in mercury cycling under climate change conditions.
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Introduction: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), referred to as the combination of aspirin and P2Y receptor antagonist (clopidogrel or ticagrelor), potentially improves patency of saphenous vein grafts (SVG) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), while it is further proposed that DAPT potentially increases bleeding risk. Compared with DAPT, de-escalated DAPT (De-DAPT) is an effective antiplatelet strategy for acute coronary syndrome treatment, which significantly reduces the risk of bleeding without increasing the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. However, insufficient evidence is available to determine the timing of DAPT after CABG.

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Objective: Generalised spike and wave discharges (SWDs) are pathognomonic EEG signatures for diagnosing absence seizures in patients with Genetic Generalized Epilepsy (GGE). The Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) is one of the best-validated animal models of GGE with absence seizures.

Methods: We developed an SWDs detector for both GAERS rodents and GGE patients with absence seizures using a neural network method.

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Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by a plaque biofilm, which can lead to the destruction of the periodontal support tissue and even teeth loss. The common strategies of periodontitis treatment are to eliminate bacterial/biofilm-related inflammation and subsequently inhibit alveolar bone resorption, for which antibiotic therapy is the most traditional one. However, impenetrable polymeric substances on bacterial biofilms make it difficult for traditional antimicrobial agents to take effect.

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In this work, a portable chemical vapor generation point discharge optical emission spectrometry (CVG-PD-OES) system was designed for trace Hg monitoring in mung bean sprout samples. The system incorporated selective solid phase extraction (SPE) to enhance the detection sensitivity. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared and utilized to extract trace amounts of Hg by forming gold amalgam.

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Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism primarily involves the kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and indole pathways. A variety of bioactive compounds produced via Trp metabolism can regulate various physiological functions, including inflammation, metabolism, immune responses, and neurological function. Emerging evidence supports an intimate relationship between Trp metabolism disorder and diseases.

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Background: Some patients with dermatomyositis (DM) can develop rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RPILD) that is resistant to treatment and life-threatening. Convenient and practical predictive factors for the development of RPILD are currently lacking. We aimed to identify independent risk factors for RPILD in patients with DM.

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Article Synopsis
  • Using black soldier fly larvae (BSFLs) for food waste treatment is a promising eco-friendly approach.
  • The study investigated how varying nutritional compositions (standard, high-protein, high-fat, and high-starch diets) impacted the intestinal microbiota and digestive enzymes of BSFLs.
  • Results showed that high-protein diets reduced microbial diversity and enzyme activity, leading to higher mortality rates, while high-fat diets improved growth, survival, and microbiota diversity despite lower enzyme activity.
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Plant grafting can provide resistance to nematodes. There is a distinct need to determine the role of -resistant rootstocks on the growth and quality of grafted cucumber plants. Cucumber ( L.

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To investigate the associations of obesity with growth and puberty in children. From November 2017 to December 2019, height, weight, and Tanner stages of 26,879 children aged 3-18 years in Fuzhou, China were assessed. The obese group was significantly taller than the non-obese group after age 4 years for both genders, yet there was no significant difference in height between obese and non-obese group after 15.

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We use molecular simulation to investigate the pH response of sequence-controlled polyampholyte brushes (PABs) with polymer chains consisting of alternating blocks of weakly acidic and basic monomers. Changes in the ionization state, height, lateral structure, and chain conformations of PABs with pH are found to differ qualitatively from those observed for polyelectrolyte brushes. Grafting density has a relatively modest effect on PAB properties.

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Emerging evidence suggests the complex interactions between gut microbiota and bile acids, which are crucial end products of cholesterol metabolism. Cholestatic liver disease is characterized by dysfunction of bile production, secretion, and excretion, as well as excessive accumulation of potentially toxic bile acids. Given the importance of bile acid homeostasis, the complex mechanism of the bile acid-microbial network in cholestatic liver disease requires a thorough understanding.

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Liver cancer is a public disease burden with an increasing incidence rate globally. Bile acid and bile salt's metabolic pathways participate in liver tumorigenesis and regulate the tumor microenvironment. However, there still remains a lack of systematic analysis of the genes related to bile acid and bile salt metabolic pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

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The Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of transmembrane signal transduction that enables cells to communicate with the exterior environment. Various cytokines, interferons, growth factors, and other specific molecules activate JAK-STAT signaling to drive a series of physiological and pathological processes, including proliferation, metabolism, immune response, inflammation, and malignancy. Dysregulated JAK-STAT signaling and related genetic mutations are strongly associated with immune activation and cancer progression.

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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples, while adversarial attack models, e.g., DeepFool, are on the rise and outrunning adversarial example detection techniques.

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Background: Patients with chronic myocardial infarction (MI) and severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction have poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine whether coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) leads to further improvement in long-term patient outcomes compared with isolated CABG (I-CABG).

Methods: From April 2010 to June 2013, 140 consecutive patients with chronic MI and severe LV dysfunction who received contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CE-CMR) within 1 month before surgery were enrolled in this study.

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  • - The study investigates the sources and atmospheric behaviors of organic carbon aerosol (OC) in Guangzhou, China, highlighting that about 60% of OC originates from non-fossil sources like biomass burning and biogenic emissions.
  • - Non-fossil secondary organic carbon (SOC) was identified as the main contributor to OC, making up approximately 39%, followed by fossil SOC (26%), fossil primary OC (14%), biomass burning OC (13%), and cooking OC (8%).
  • - The research also examines how the aging of OC impacts its characteristics, finding that OC particles from non-fossil sources exhibit a higher degree of aging (86%) when influenced by emissions from northern regions.
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Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are two of the most common diseases in elderly population and they have a high rate of comorbidity. Study has revealed that T2D is a major risk factor of AD, and thus exploring therapeutic approaches that can target both diseases has drawn much interest in recent years. In this study, we tried to explore drugs that could be potentially used to prevent or treat both AD and T2D via a drug repositioning approach.

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Current transcriptomics technologies, including bulk RNA-seq, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq), and spatial transcriptomics (ST), provide novel insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of gene expression during cardiac development and disease processes. Cardiac development is a highly sophisticated process involving the regulation of numerous key genes and signaling pathways at specific anatomical sites and developmental stages. Exploring the cell biological mechanisms involved in cardiogenesis also contributes to congenital heart disease research.

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It is well known that the coexisting metal ions could significantly influence the atomic spectroscopy (AS) analysis. In this work, a cation-modulated mercury ions (Hg) strategy via chemical vapor generation (CVG) was developed for oxalate assay due to the phenomenon that the Ag  can significantly reduce the Hg signal. The regulation effect was studied in depth via experimental investigations.

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Rainfall events are responsible for the accelerated transfer of antibiotic-resistant contaminants to receiving environments. However, the specific profiles of various ARG types, including intra- and extracellular ARGs (iARGs and eARGs) responding to season rainfall needed more comprehensive assessments. Particularly, the key factors driving the distribution and transport of iARGs and eARGs have not been well characterized.

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Article Synopsis
  • Experiences of stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings significantly negatively impact the health outcomes of persons with HIV (PWH), particularly those with multiple marginalized identities.
  • A study using data from the Medical Monitoring Project found that nearly 25% of PWH reported intersectional discrimination linked to various characteristics like race, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status.
  • Those facing intersectional discrimination were less likely to engage with regular HIV care providers, trust healthcare information, or adhere to antiretroviral treatment, suggesting the need for further research on these experiences to improve care and intervention strategies.
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