Dual-optical-path coded aperture compressive temporal imaging.

Coded aperture compressive temporal imaging (CACTI) enables the capture of complex dynamic scenes in a single exposure. In this Letter, we introduce a dual-optical-path (DoP) system with conjugate masks employing a single digital micromirror device (DMD) to simultaneously capture the original and complementary measurements to enhance the reconstruction quality. Our findings demonstrate that combining these measurements improves spatial resolution, while their differential values provide temporal information and cancel out noise.

Mesh-reinforced reconstruction after abdominal wall desmoid tumor resection: a retrospective analysis of 16 cases.

Purpose: Managing the defect after abdominal wall desmoid tumor resection is challenging due to the wide excision required. This report aims to review our institutional experience with mesh-reinforced reconstruction following desmoid tumor resection in the abdominal wall.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent abdominal wall desmoid tumor resection with mesh-reinforced reconstruction between April 2014 and January 2019.

Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients With COVID-19 and the Impact of Hyperinflammation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19 due to their altered immune responses, yet their inflammatory profiles and the interplay between immunosuppression remain poorly understood. We aimed to illustrate the inflammation profile and clinical outcomes of hospitalized immunocompromised patients with COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using a multicenter database and included adult hospitalized patients with Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China's late 2022 COVID-19 wave.

A foundation model for generalizable cancer diagnosis and survival prediction from histopathological images.

Computational pathology, utilizing whole slide images (WSIs) for pathological diagnosis, has advanced the development of intelligent healthcare. However, the scarcity of annotated data and histological differences hinder the general application of existing methods. Extensive histopathological data and the robustness of self-supervised models in small-scale data demonstrate promising prospects for developing foundation pathology models.

Uncovering key sources of regional ozone simulation biases using machine learning and SHAP analysis.

Atmospheric chemical transport models (CTMs) are widely used in air quality management, but still have large biases in simulations. Accurately and efficiently identifying key sources of simulation biases is crucial for model improvement. However, traditional approaches, such as sensitivity and uncertainty analyses, are computationally intensive and inefficient, as they require numerous model runs.

Dictamnine alleviates DSS-induced colitis mice by inhibiting ferroptosis of enterocytes via activating Nrf2-Gpx4 signaling pathway.

Background: The treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains a huge challenge worldwide. Dictamnine is a natural product derived from Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. root bark and possesses multi-pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammation effects.

Toward improving the rehydration of dairy powders: A comprehensive review of applying physical technologies.

For the increasingly prosperous industrial dairy sector of powder production from milk and whey, the efficient utilization of differently composed products has become a major topic of concern. Although a proper rehydration behavior is crucial for the application of dairy powders, it is also essential for producers to achieve safe and green processing. Physical means of processing to improve partially poor rehydration properties are preferred by consumers over often suggested chemical means, which also alter product composition and further functionality.

S-Transformer for Mask-Aware Hyperspectral Image Reconstruction.

Snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) surges as a novel way of capturing hyperspectral images. It operates an optical encoder to compress the 3D data into a 2D measurement and adopts a software decoder for the signal reconstruction. Recently, a representative SCI set-up of coded aperture snapshot compressive imager (CASSI) with Transformer reconstruction backend remarks high-fidelity sensing performance.

Assessment of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from urban community sewer networks: Field quantification and insights into environmental factors.

Sewer networks are essential components of urban infrastructure, yet their contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remains poorly understood. In this study, we deployed a new approach of measurements to assess methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions across an urban sewer network, which spans 4769.43 m and receives about 750 m of domestic sewage per day.

Differential lipid impact on mortality in patients undergoing CABG versus PCI.

Background And Aims: The impact of revascularization type, including coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), on lipid control efficacy remains unclear. We aim to assess the associations of lipid levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing PCI or CABG.

Methods: We used data from the ChinaHEART cohort and enrolled patients with a self-reported history of PCI or CABG.

The predictive value of changes in 18F-FDG PET/CT cardiac uptake patterns and metabolic parameters for anthracycline based chemotherapy induced cardiac toxicity in lymphoma patients.

Objective: This study aims to examine alterations in positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) heart uptake patterns and metabolic factors before and after anthracycline-based chemotherapy in lymphoma patients, and to investigate the added benefit of oncological 18F-FDG PET/CT in chemotherapy-induced heart damage.

Materials And Methods: Between July 2017 and December 2022, lymphoma patients diagnosed at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University who underwent 6 cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy and had baseline and 6-cycle oncological 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were included. A total of 366 patients with complete data sets were enrolled.

Telomere length mediates the causal effects of excess adiposity on cardiovascular risk: A two-step Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aims: Excess adiposity correlate to cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and telomere shortening, while the latter two are associated with cardiovascular risks. Whether inflammation and telomere length mediate the excess adiposity-cardiovascular relationship is unclear.

Methods And Results: We performed a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis utilizing data from the latest genome-wide association studies: body mass index (BMI, n = 681,275), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, n = 697,734) and BMI adjusted WHR (WHRBMI, n = 694,649), telomere length (n = 472,174), C-reactive protein (n = 204,402), interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (n = 21,758), tumor necrosis factor-α (n = 3454), hypertension (n = 463,010), coronary artery disease (n = 547,261), heart failure (n = 977,323), stroke (n = 446,696), ischemic stroke (n = 440,328), intracerebral hemorrhage (n = 343,663), aortic aneurysm (n = 356,934), transient ischemic attack (n = 360,692), peripheral vascular disease (n = 463,010), systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes (n = 757,601).

Prioritisation of functional needs for ICU intelligent robots in China: a consensus study based on the national survey and nominal group technique.

Objective: This study aims to define the prioritisation of the needs for an intelligent robot's functions in the intensive care unit (ICU) from a clinical perspective.

Design: This study introduces a nominal group technique.

Setting: This study uses national setting.

Long-term outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in severe COVID-19 patients: 3-year follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: The long-term effects and outcomes of human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the extended safety and efficacy of MSC treatment in severe patients with COVID-19 who participated in our earlier randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, with follow-up conducted over 3 years.

Methods: One hundred patients with severe COVID-19 were randomized to receive either an MSC infusion (n = 65, 4 × 10 cells/dose, on days 0, 3, and 6) or a placebo, with both groups receiving the standard of care.

The RNA-binding protein RBPMS inhibits smooth muscle cell-driven vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis and vascular injury.

Atherosclerosis and vessel wall trauma induce vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation, leading to plaque cap growth and postintervention restenosis. Our systems biology approach identified RNA binding protein, mRNA processing factor () as a conserved, VSMC-specific gene associated with VSMC modulation in atherosclerosis. gene expression positively correlates with VSMC contractile markers in human and murine atherosclerotic arteries as well as in two vascular injury models during the postinjury intimal hyperplasia phase.

Structures of two lyssavirus glycoproteins trapped in pre- and post-fusion states and the implications on the spatial-temporal conformational transition along with pH-decrease.

Lyssavirus glycoprotein plays a crucial role in mediating virus entry and serves as the major target for neutralizing antibodies. During membrane fusion, the lyssavirus glycoprotein undergoes a series of low-pH-induced conformational transitions. Here, we report the structures of Ikoma lyssavirus and Mokola lyssavirus glycoproteins, with which we believe that we have trapped the proteins in pre-fusion and post-fusion states respectively.

Laparoscopic perineal hernia repair after abdominoperineal resection.

Purpose: Perineal hernia(PH) is a complication after abdominoperineal resection(APR), which is a special kind of incisional hernia, lacking consensus about treatment. This study is aimed at the effect of laparoscopic repair with mesh.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from Januarary 1st 2015 to December 31st 2023 for the patients undergoing laparoscopic perineal hernia repair after abdominoperineal resection(APR).

Coronectomy in Lower Third Molar Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Coronectomy is an alternative approach to the complete removal of an impacted mandibular third molar. The present study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare coronectomy with extraction concerning complications associated with the inferior alveolar nerve injury (IANI).

Methods: This review followed the principles of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Identity Hides in Darkness: Learning Feature Discovery Transformer for Nighttime Person Re-Identification.

Person re-identification (Re-ID) aims to retrieve all images of the specific person captured by non-overlapping cameras and scenarios. Regardless of the significant success achieved by daytime person Re-ID methods, they will perform poorly due to the degraded imaging quality under low-light conditions. Therefore, some works attempt to synthesize low-light images to explore the challenges in the nighttime, which omits the fact that synthetic images may not realistically reflect the challenges of person Re-ID at night.

The Mediating Effect of Concurrent Changes in Dietary Behaviors on the Associations Between Intervention and Changes in Adiposity Outcomes: Evidence from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Behavioral interventions have been shown to be effective in improving dietary behavior and reducing childhood obesity. There is limited evidence on how concurrent changes in dietary behavior from intervention studies affect childhood obesity. The present study aimed to evaluate the mediating effect of concurrent changes in dietary behaviors between the intervention and changes in adiposity indicators.

Macrocyclic Decanor- (C) and Pentanor- (C) Sesterterpenoids and C Precursor with Immunosuppressive Activity from .

Phytochemical investigation on the leaves of led to the discovery of leucosceptrone A (), a rearranged pentanor-leucosceptrane sesterterpenoid (C) with an unprecedented 6/9/5 tricyclic framework, and leucosceptrones B-E (-), three decanor-leucosesterterpane sesterterpenoids (C) and a C biosynthetic precursor with two different unusual 10/5 bicyclic systems. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, quantum-chemical calculations, and X-ray diffraction analysis. A plausible biosynthetic route for these macrocyclic sesterterpenoids was proposed.

The anti-aging and anti-Alzheimer's disease potential of kinsenoside prepared from Anoectochilus roxburghii.

Anoectochilus roxburghii is a high-value plant resource for nutraceutical efficacy and medicinal applications, among which kinsenoside is recognized as the main bioactive glycoside. However, the anti-aging and anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activities of kinsenoside have long been neglected. The objective of this study was to investigate the influences of kinsenoside on aging and amyloid-β (Aβ) proteotoxicity and underlying molecular mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans (C.

Gaze behaviours, situation awareness and cognitive workload of air traffic controllers in radar screen monitoring tasks with varying task complexity.

. Air traffic controllers should maintain high situational awareness (SA) and low cognitive workload to ensure aviation safety. However, increased task complexity may influence air traffic controllers' SA and cognitive workload.

AKT/mTOR mediated autophagy contributes to the self-replication of canine influenza virus in vivo and in vitro.

The prevalence and spread of canine influenza virus (CIV) pose a threat to the health of dogs and humans. Some studies have shown that autophagy is closely related to virus replication, but the exact relationship between CIV replication and autophagy is still unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of autophagy on CIV replication in vitro and in vivo.

Effectiveness of flipped classrooms in Chinese students of clinical medicine major undergoing clinical practice: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: Clinical practice is a cornerstone of undergraduate training in Chinese medical education, ensuring the development of essential skills for future professionals. While flipped classrooms have gained popularity for their potential to enhance learning outcomes, the effectiveness of this approach in clinical settings remains underexplored. This study aims to address this research gap by consolidating evidence on the impact of flipped classrooms through a comprehensive meta-analysis.