Early caffeine therapy decreases bronchopulmonary dysplasia but might increase mortality in preterm infants? a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of early vs. late caffeine therapy for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in infants.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched up to October 2024.

Effects of Nighttime Noise Reduction by Using Earplugs on the Recovery of Burn Patients after Reconstructive Surgery.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of postoperative noise reduction by using earplugs at night on the healing time and scar quality of burn patients who underwent reconstructive surgery.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of adult burn patients after they underwent reconstructive surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2022 to June 2023. The patients were divided into the postoperative noise reduction group (n = 66) and the control group (n = 75) based on whether they received postoperative noise reduction.

Grassland bud and shoot demographic responses to single and recurrent droughts vary across an aridity gradient.

Clonal demographic traits play important roles in regulating community dynamics. Yet, it remains unclear how the responses of these clonal traits to drought might depend on previous drought exposure, and how drought responses vary among grasslands. We conducted a repeated drought experiment across four grasslands along an aridity gradient in northern China.

A Prediction Nomogram for Moderate-to-Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Chinese Very Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress: A Multi‑Center Prospective Study.

Moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (msBPD) is a prevalent and severe condition in very preterm infants, contributing to long-term respiratory issues. Developing a predictive model specific to the Chinese population could support early intervention. This research focused on determining risk factors and developing a predictive model for msBPD in very preterm infants with respiratory distress, following the 2018 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria.

Barcoded HIV-1 reveals viral persistence driven by clonal proliferation and distinct epigenetic patterns.

The HIV reservoir consists of infected cells in which the HIV-1 genome persists as provirus despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Studies exploring HIV cure therapies often measure intact proviral DNA levels, time to rebound after ART interruption, or ex vivo stimulation assays of latently infected cells. This study utilizes barcoded HIV to analyze the reservoir in humanized mice.

Modified Cuff Leak Test for Predicting the Risk of Reintubation in Patients With Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The cuff leak test (CLT) is an important tool to assess the risk of upper airway obstruction after extubation.

Research Question: Does a modified CLT approach have superior ability in predicting reintubation compared with the traditional method?

Study Design And Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized control trial. The primary end point was the incidence of the need for reintubation within 48 hours of extubation.

Oral administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus MP108 ameliorates hemolytic jaundice in rats.

Accumulating evidence suggests that specific probiotic strains exert effects on hemolytic jaundice (HJ), and probiotic strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus exhibit potential beneficial effects against HJ. This study aimed to determine the effects of L. rhamnosus MP108 (MP108) on rats with acetylphenylhydrazine (APH)-induced HJ.

Identification and annotation of the T cell receptor beta (TCRβ) locus in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

The T cell receptor (TCR) plays a crucial role in antigen recognition and signal transduction during T cell immunity. While the TCR locus has been well characterized in mammals, its knowledge in teleosts remains limited. In this study, we identified the TCRβ locus in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), an important mariculture species in China, and found 31 V, 2 D, 13 J, and 2 C gene segments.

Cutin formation in tomato is controlled by a multipartite module of synergistic and antagonistic transcription factors.

Cuticles protect plants from water loss and pathogen attack. We address here the functional significance of SlGRAS9, SlZHD17, and SlMBP3 in regulating cutin formation in tomato fruit. The study unveils the role of the multipartite "SlGRAS9-SlZHD17-SlMBP3-SlMIXTA-like" transcription factor module in cutin biosynthesis.

Effect of virtual reality intervention on hospitalized patients with acute pain after thoracoscopic surgery: a pilot randomized clinical trial.

The study investigates the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality (VR) as a nonpharmaceutical approach to manage postoperative pain in patients following thoracoscopic surgery. In this single-center, triple-arm pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT), 61 postsurgical patients with a postoperative pain numerical rating scale (NRS) score ≥4 after receiving standard analgesia were included and assigned to either a quantum clinics-VR (QTC-VR) group, a Placebo-VR group, or a control group. The QTC-VR group engaged in a daily 10-minute interactive pain relief 3D-VR program, while the Placebo-VR group watched a daily 10-minute relaxation-based 2D film through VR headsets for three days following surgery.

The construction of a breast cancer prognostic model by combining genes related to hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in breast tissue. This project aims to predict the prognosis of BC patients using genes related to hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). RNA-seq and clinical data for BC were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases.

Effect of Polypropylene and Straw Fiber Materials on the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Tailings and Wasted Stone Mixed Backfill.

Ensuring the mechanical performance of backfill materials while reducing cementation costs is a key challenge in mine backfill research. To address this, fiber materials such as polypropylene (PP) fiber and rice straw (RS) fiber have been incorporated into cement-based mixtures for mine backfilling. This study investigates the effects of PP and RS fibers on the mechanical properties, flow characteristics, and microstructure of Tailings and Wasted Stone Mixed Backfill (TWSMB).

[Interpretation of "Expert recommendations for the prevention of common respiratory viral infections in neonates": problems faced by respiratory syncytial virus infection in neonates].

Neonates are susceptible to respiratory viral infections, with outbreaks reported in areas with a high population of neonates, such as postpartum care centers and neonatal wards. While specific antiviral drugs are currently available for influenza, symptomatic supportive treatment remains the primary approach for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), making prevention particularly important. The article closely follows the "Expert recommendations for the prevention of common respiratory viral infections in neonates" and provides an in-depth interpretation of recent breakthroughs in RSV prevention.

Complete response of gallbladder cancer treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy combined with durvalumab: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer (BTC) and has a poor prognosis. A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and durvalumab shows promise for the treatment of advanced BTC. However, the efficacy of this treatment for GBC remains unclear.

Test-Retest Reliability of Epworth Sleepiness Scale Score in Patients with Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Study Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and investigate the effects of different follow-up techniques and various factors on ESS score discrepancies.

Methods: This study prospectively enrolled participants diagnosed with OSA at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from October 2022 to May 2023. Each participant completed a polysomnography (PSG) and the Chinese version of the ESS.

Enhancing the Performance of Hole-Conductor-Free Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells through Polyaniline-Mediated Iodine Recycling and Defect Passivation.

Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs) provide an opportunity for low-cost manufacturing of photovoltaics. However, the performance of p-MPSCs is severely compromised by iodine defects. This study presents a strategy by incorporating polyaniline (PANI) to achieve both iodine recycling and iodine defect passivation to significantly improve the performance of p-MPSCs.

Cortical excitability on sleep deprivation measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sleep deprivation is a common public problem, and researchers speculated its neurophysiological mechanisms related to cortical excitatory and inhibitory activity. Recently, transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electromyography (TMS-EMG) and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) have been used to assess cortical excitability in sleep-deprived individuals, but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize relevant TMS-evoked indices of excitability and inhibition for exploring the cortical effects of sleep deprivation.

Comparative efficacy and safety of pulmonary surfactant delivery strategies in neonatal RDS: a network meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare five pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration strategies for neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), including intubation-surfactant-extubation (InSurE), thin catheter administration, laryngeal mask airway (LMA), surfactant nebulization (SN), and usual care, with a particular emphasis on the comparison of the LMA and SN with other strategies.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PUBMED, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases up to November 2023. Two authors independently conducted data extraction, and assessed bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Induces Apoptosis in Chicken Oviduct Cells.

(MS) is an important pathogen that can cause respiratory diseases in poultry and birds, leading to serious economic losses in the world and impacting the development of the poultry industry. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of MS infection are still unclear, resulting in a lack of effective diagnosis and treatment strategies. This study aimed to uncover the infection effect caused by MS in chicken oviduct cells.

Gestational diabetes-combined excess weight gain exacerbates gut microbiota dysbiosis in newborns, associated with reduced abundance of , , and .

Background: Existing literature indicates that Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal obesity disrupt the normal colonization of the neonatal gut microbiota alone. Still, the combined impact of GDM and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) on this process remains under explored. The association between gestational weight gain before/after GDM diagnosis and neonatal gut microbiota characteristics is also unclear.

The influence of transcranial alternating current stimulation on EEG spectral power during subsequent sleep: A randomized crossover study.

Objective: To evaluate the instant impact of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on sleep brain oscillations.

Methods: Thirty-six healthy subjects were randomly assigned to receive tACS and sham stimulation in a crossover design separated by a one-week washout period. After stimulation, a 2-h nap polysomnography (PSG) was performed to obtain Electroencephalogram (EEG) data and objective sleep variables, and self-reported subjective sleep parameters were collected at the end of the nap.

Intraoperative Use of Sodium Bicarbonate Ringer's Solution Instead of Sodium Lactate Ringer's Solution to Reduce Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation and Improve Postoperative Recovery During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of sodium bicarbonate Ringer's solution (BRS) on the degradation of endothelial glycocalyx components in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery, and to evaluate its impact on endothelial glycocalyx preservation and postoperative recovery.

Patients And Methods: A total of eight patients scheduled for elective CPB heart surgery were included and randomly divided into two groups: the sodium lactate Ringer's solution (LRS) group and the BRS group. ELISA was used to measure plasma concentrations of syndecan-1, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and TGF-β at predefined time points: T0 (before induction of anesthesia), T3 (immediately after weaning from CPB), T5 and T6 (24 and 72 hours postoperatively).

Application of a new type of double-lumen endotracheal tube in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: study protocol for a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial (NISA).

Background: Non-invasive ventilation combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) therapy is recognised as a method for treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Among the administration, methods of PS, INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation (InSurE) and less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) have been widely discussed.LISA technique prevents patients from exposure to invasive positive pressure ventilation (PPV), thus improving the long-term outcomes of the respiratory system, but it faces challenges in resource-limited areas due to complexity and cost.

Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional mechanical ventilation on the chronic lung disease or death in preterm infants administered surfactant: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Use of elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) compared with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) results in a small reduction in the risk of chronic lung disease (CLD) or death, but the evidence is weak. Our objective was to explore whether elective HFOV was associated with less CLD or death as compared with CMV in preterm infants administered surfactant.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, including 1835 ventilated participants from 11 randomized controlled trials comparing elective HFOV with CMV between February 1993 and February 2014.

Accelerated pace of frailty in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with an increased risk of mortality and physical comorbidities, indicating a potentially accelerated frailty process in affected individuals. This study aimed to test association between schizophrenia and frailty using the frailty index based on laboratory markers (FI-Lab).

Methods: A total of 600 patients with schizophrenia and 518 healthy controls, aged between 20 and 69 years were included in the present study.