Fermented cottonseed meal improves production performance and reduces fat deposition in broiler chickens.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens.

Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by Candida tropicalis until 42 days old.

Two New Compounds from Schisandra propinqua var. propinqua.

Schisanpropinoic acid (1), a new bergamotane sesquiterpenoid, and schisanpropinin (2), a new tetrahydrofuran lignan with a rare epoxyethane unit, were identified from the stems and leaves of Schisandra propinqua var. propinqua. Their structures were determined based on comprehensive spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis.

Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Kadsura heteroclita.

Sixteen dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, including eight new ones, kadheterins A-H (1-8), and a new natural product, 9-benzoyloxy-gomisin B (9), were isolated from the stems of K. heteroclita. The structures of 1-9 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, and their absolute configurations were determined by combining CD with ROESY experiments.

Triterpenoids from Schisandra propinqua var. propinqua.

Four new triterpenoids, propindilactone T (1), propindilactone U (2), changnanic acid 3-methyl ester (3) and schipropinic. acid (4), together with five known ones (5-9), were isolated and identified from the stems and leaves of Schisandra propinqua var. propinqua; their structures were determined based on spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses.

Two New 18-Norschiartane-type Schinortriterpenoids from Schisandra lancifolia.

Two new 18-norschiartane-type schinortriterpenoids, namely wuwezidilactones Q (1) and R (2) were isolated from the stems of Schisandra lancifolia. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were further determined by ROESY and an empirical comparison of their experimental ECD spectra with literature.