Qizhu Jianwei decoction triggers ferroptosis by exosome-mediated miR-199-3p/ACSL4 signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Qizhu Jianwei decoction (QZJWD) is a conventional Chinese medicine formulation used to treat gastric cancer, however, its association with GC and ferroptosis remains poorly understood.

Aim Of Study: Our research endeavors centered around investigating the potential molecular mechanism of QZJWD in suppressing GC.

Materials And Methods: A UHPLC-QTOF-MS technique was utilized for determining the major constituents of QZJWD.

Case report: Multi-organ injuries induced by tislelizumab.

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) often develops immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, irAEs-induced multi-organ injuries remain a rare event. We herein report a case of multi-organ injuries induced by tislelizumab in a lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patient.

Single-cell metabolomics profiling of somatosensory neurons in various stages of neuropathic pain.

Metabolic alterations in the somatosensory cortex (S1) play a crucial role in neuropathic pain development, as evidenced by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses of brain homogenates. However, investigating metabolic changes in specific neuronal subtypes during neuropathic pain development remains challenging. Here, utilizing a recently developed technique called single-cell mass spectrometry (SCMS), we investigated metabolomic alterations within excitatory glutamatergic neurons located in the primary S1 during various stages of neuropathic pain.

Interventional Effects of Edible Bird's Nest and Free Sialic Acids on LPS-Induced Brain Inflammation in Mice.

Our study investigated the effects and mechanisms of edible bird's nest (EBN) and free sialic acids (SA) on LPS-induced brain inflammation in mice. : The experiment divided the mice into four groups: control group (CON), lipopolysaccharide group (LPS), EBN intervention group (EBN, 200 mg/kg/d in dry EBN), and sialic acid intervention group (SA, dosage was calibrated based on the concentration of sialic acid in EBN). : The results showed that LPS caused a decrease followed by upregulation in body weight in female mice, and EBN exhibited renal protective effects.

Wild-Type and rtA181T/sW172* Mutant Strains of Hepatitis B Virus Drive Hepatocarcinogenesis via Distinct GRP78-Mediated ER Stress Pathways.

Glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78), a key marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, but its role in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced tumorigenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of GRP78 to HBV-associated tumor development and explore the ERS pathways involved. The results showed that increased GRP78 expression in patients with HBV-related HCC was associated with a poor prognosis within the first 2 years following diagnosis.

Objectively measured daily steps and health outcomes: an umbrella review of the systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to summarise the evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that objectively measure daily steps and health outcomes.

Design: This is an umbrella review.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched through 31 January 2024.

GABAergic Retinal Ganglion Cells Projecting to the Superior Colliculus Mediate the Looming-Evoked Flight Response.

The looming stimulus-evoked flight response to approaching predators is a defensive behavior in most animals. However, how looming stimuli are detected in the retina and transmitted to the brain remains unclear. Here, we report that a group of GABAergic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) projecting to the superior colliculus (SC) transmit looming signals from the retina to the brain, mediating the looming-evoked flight behavior by releasing GABA.

Geometric and Electronic Structure Modulation to Optimize the Charge Transfer of TiO for Ultrasensitive and Stable SERS Sensing.

Exploring the relationship between semiconductor structure and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity was essential for the development of ultrasensitive SERS substrates. Herein, we report an ytterbium atomic doping strategy to render TiO (Yb-TiO) highly SERS sensitive superior to pure TiO, with a detection limit as low as 1 × 10 M for 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. First-principles density functional theory calculations reveal that ytterbium doping leads to high electrostatic properties, allowing for significant charge transfer from molecules to semiconductors.

Enhanced generation of internal tides under global warming.

A primary driver of deep-ocean mixing is breaking of internal tides generated via interactions of barotropic tides with topography. It is important to understand how the energy conversion from barotropic to internal tides responds to global warming. Here we address this question by applying a linear model of internal tide generation to coupled global climate model simulations under a high carbon emission scenario.

Midlatitude mesoscale thermal Air-sea interaction enhanced by greenhouse warming.

The influence of greenhouse warming on mesoscale air-sea interactions, crucial for modulating ocean circulation and climate variability, remains largely unexplored due to the limited resolution of current climate models. Additionally, there is a lack of theoretical frameworks for assessing changes in mesoscale coupling due to warming. Here, we address these gaps by analyzing eddy-resolving high-resolution climate simulations and observations, focusing on the mesoscale thermal interaction dominated by mesoscale sea surface temperature (SST) and latent heat flux (LHF) coupling in winter.

Depression and the risk of non-alcohol fatty liver disease: Results from a cross-sectional study and a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that psychiatric factors may be pathogenic for NAFLD. However, the association between depression and NAFLD is not been consistent, and whether depression plays a causal role in the development of NAFLD remains unclear.

Methods: We extracted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 to assess the correlation between depression and NAFLD risk.

Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients with HBV-Related Acute on Chronic Liver Failure.

Background: We aim to investigate the characteristics of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with HBV-related acute on chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF).

Methods: A total of 44 patients with probable IPA were selected as the case group, and another 88 patients without lung infections were chosen as the control group.

Results: HBV-ACLF patients with probable IPA had more significant 90-day mortality (38.

Disseminated infection in a person with AIDS: A case report.

Background: is a nonculturable, nontuberculous mycobacterium that occasionally causes serious infections in individuals with immune deficiencies. Owing to its nonculturable nature, its antimicrobial susceptibility has not been assessed, and the optimal treatment regimen is unclear. Herein, we report a case of disseminated infection in a person with AIDS, identified using metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Quercetin Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Repairs Intestinal Barrier in / Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease which seriously affects public health. Gut microbiota remains a dynamic balance state in healthy individuals, and its disorder may affect health status and even results in metabolic diseases. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, has been shown to have biological activities that can be used in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

GhHAM regulates GoPGF-dependent gland development and contributes to broad-spectrum pest resistance in cotton.

Cotton is a globally cultivated crop, producing 87% of the natural fiber used in the global textile industry. The pigment glands, unique to cotton and its relatives, serve as a defense structure against pests and pathogens. However, the molecular mechanism underlying gland formation and the specific role of pigment glands in cotton's pest defense are still not well understood.

Edible bird's nest alleviates pneumonia caused by tobacco smoke inhalation through the TNFR1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

Exposure to cigarette smoke directly damages the lungs and causes lung inflammation. The anti-inflammatory properties of edible bird's nest (EBN) have been reported. We aimed to determine the effect of EBN on pneumonia in a mouse model exposed to cigarette smoke.

Restriction on molecular fluxionality by substitution: A case study for the 1,10-dicyanobullvalene.

We show herein that 1,10-dicyano substitution restricts the paragon fluxionality of bullvalene to just 14 isomers which isomerize along a single cycle. The restricted fluxionality of 1,10-dicyanobullvalene (DCB) is investigated by means of: (i) Bonding analyses of the isomer structures using the adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP). (ii) Quantum dynamical simulations of the isomerizations along the cyclic intrinsic reaction coordinate of the potential energy surface (PES).

YTE-17 inhibits colonic carcinogenesis by resetting antitumor immune response via Wnt5a/JNK mediated metabolic signaling.

The density and composition of lymphocytes infiltrating colon tumors serve as predictive factors for the clinical outcome of colon cancer. Our previous studies highlighted the potent anti-cancer properties of the principal compounds found in (YTE-17), attributing these effects to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. However, knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YTE-17 in the prevention of colorectal cancer is limited.

Graphene-doped silicon-carbon materials with multi-interface structures for lithium-ion battery anodes.

The carbon nanomaterials are usually used to improve the electrical conductivity and stability of silicon (Si) anodes for lithium-ion batteries. However, the Si-based composites containing carbon nanomaterials generally show large specific surface area, leading to severe side reactions that generate large amounts of solid electrolyte interphase films. Herein, we embedded graphene oxide (GO) and silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) uniformly in pitch matrix by solvent dispersion.

Vitamin B alleviates chronic sleep deprivation-induced hippocampal ferroptosis through CBS/GSH/GPX4 pathway.

Several studies have found that sleep deprivation (SD) can lead to neuronal ferroptosis and affect hippocampal function. However, there are currently no effective interventions. Vitamin B is a co-factor for key enzymes in the transsulfuration pathway which is critical for maintaining cell growth in the presence of cysteine deprivation.

Advancing kidney xenotransplantation with anesthesia and surgery - bridging preclinical and clinical frontiers challenges and prospects.

Xenotransplantation is emerging as a vital solution to the critical shortage of organs available for transplantation, significantly propelled by advancements in genetic engineering and the development of sophisticated immunosuppressive treatments. Specifically, the transplantation of kidneys from genetically engineered pigs into human patients has made significant progress, offering a potential clinical solution to the shortage of human kidney supply. Recent trials involving the transplantation of these modified porcine kidneys into deceased human bodies have underscored the practicality of this approach, advancing the field towards potential clinical applications.

Spatial-temporal differentiation of urban eco-efficiency and its driving factors: A comparison of five major urban agglomerations in China.

This paper utilizes an improved undesirable output DEA model to measure the eco-efficiency of cities in five major urban agglomerations in China during 2006-2020. It employs the Theil Index and Geodetector to investigate the spatial-temporal distribution differentiation characteristics and driving factors of urban eco-efficiency. The main findings are as follows.

Understanding Defects in Perovskite Solar Cells through Computation: Current Knowledge and Future Challenge.

Lead halide perovskites with superior optoelectrical properties are emerging as a class of excellent materials for applications in solar cells and light-emitting devices. However, perovskite films often exhibit abundant intrinsic defects, which can limit the efficiency of perovskite-based optoelectronic devices by acting as carrier recombination centers. Thus, an understanding of defect chemistry in lead halide perovskites assumes a prominent role in further advancing the exploitation of perovskites, which, to a large extent, is performed by relying on first-principles calculations.