The promise of precision medicine lies in data diversity. More than the sheer size of biomedical data, it is the layering of multiple data modalities, offering complementary perspectives, that is thought to enable the identification of patient subgroups with shared pathophysiology. In the present study, we use autism to test this notion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDielectrophoresis (DEP) is a powerful technique for label-free cell separation in microfluidics. Easily-fabricated DEP separators with low cost and short turnaround time are in extremely high demand in practical applications, especially clinical usage where disposable devices are needed. DEP separators exploiting microelectrodes made of conducting polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites enable the construction of advantageous 3D volumetric electrodes with a simple soft-lithography process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. About 40% of Chinese expectant fathers are smokers and they rarely attempt to quit smoking. There is a paucity of effective smoking cessation services targeting this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive disease that affects the central nervous system with a variety of symptoms. Although the precise etiology of PD is not yet fully understood, there is evidence to suggest that T cells serve an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. However, how T cells are recruited in the brain tissue remains to be elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
November 2020
This study aimed to predict the risk of Alzheimer-type dementia for persons aged over 75 years old without receiving long-term care services using regularly collected claim data. A refined dataset including 48,123 persons was prepared from claim data of health insurance and long-term care insurance in a large city in the metropolitan area in Japan. The utilized features include the age and sex of subjects, 502 diseases based on ICD-10 diagnosis codes, and 107 prescription drugs based on therapeutic classes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The incidence of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) increased substantially in recent years. Systematical investigation of the immunogenomic pattern is critical to improve the prognosis of LUSC.
Methods: Based on the TCGA and GEO dataset, we integrated the immune-related genes (IRGs) expression profile and the overall survival (OS) of 502 patients with LUSC.
Rationale: Fulminant macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) has seldom been reported, and cases of MPP usually show rapid improvement after fluoroquinolones or tetracyclines addition. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the importance of proper selection of antibiotics for treatment of severe MPP and increase awareness concerning the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant MPP.
Patient Concerns: A case of severe life-threatening pneumonia in a 26-year-old man with high fever and cough was non-responsive to azithromycin and fluoroquinolones.
Background: To explore the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and prognostic factors of head and neck acinar cell carcinoma (HNACC) comprehensively.
Methods: A population-based study was conducted using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1975-2016). Overall survival (OS) and HNACC-specific survival of patients with different clinicopathologic variables were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox multivariate regression.
Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the antitumor immunity. Ionizing radiation (IR) has a pronounced effect on modifying NK cell biology, while the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we briefly introduce the anti-tumor activity of NK cells and summarize the impact of IR on NK cells both directly and indirectly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is largely unknown how the development of breast cancer (BC) is transduced by somatic genetic alterations in the benign breast. Since benign breast disease is an established risk factor for BC, we established a case-control study of women with a history of benign breast biopsy (BBB). Cases developed BC at least one year after BBB and controls did not develop BC over an average of 17 years following BBB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: Recent advances in nanomedicine provided promising alternatives for tumor treatment to improve the survival and life quality of cancer patients. This study was designed to explore the insight mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects of the novel nanocomposites (NCs) MFP-FePt-GO with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). : A chemical co-reduction method was applied to the synthesis process of MFP-FePt-GO NCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh carbohydrate diet (HCD) can induce lipid metabolism disorder, characterized by excessive lipid in farmed fish. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPARα) plays an important role in lipid homeostasis. In this study, we hypothesize that PPARα can improve lipid metabolism in fish fed HCD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 57-year-old male presenting with spontaneously relieved abdominal cramp and distension was admitted to the West China Hospital. The diagnosis remained unclear after colonoscopy and computed tomography. Double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was then performed and a neoplasm in the small intestine was suspected, supported by a thin-section computed tomography and positron emission tomography/computed tomography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relationship between Lamin B2 and tumor proliferation and migration is unclear. We explored the impact of Lamin B2 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were combined to evaluate Lamin B2 expression and its relationship with the clinicopathological factors found in NSCLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, all-inorganic perovskites have attracted tremendous attention due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and extensive potential applications. However, these perovskites usually show a single emission wavelength because of the high ionic migration. Herein, we synthesized all-inorganic halide-mixed perovskite CsPbBr I microsheets with high crystal quality using the anti-solvent solution method and observed extraordinary green and red dual-color emission in single CsPbBr I microsheets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne of the fundamental questions in bone biology is where osteoblasts originate and how osteoblast differentiation is regulated. The mechanism underlying which factors regulate chondrocyte to osteoblast lineage commitment remains unknown. Our data showed that Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) is expressed at different stages of both chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPseudorabies virus (PRV) belongs to the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily of Herpesviridae. PRV-induced pseudorabies is a highly contagious disease that has caused huge economic losses to the global swine industry. The PRV gE/gI gene deletion vaccine strain (Fa ΔgE/gI strain) constructed from the PRV Fa wild-type strain was shown to have a protective effect against infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMotivation: Microbial communities have been proved to have close relationship with many diseases. The identification of differentially abundant microbial species is clinically meaningful for finding disease-related pathogenic or probiotic bacteria. However, certain characteristics of microbiome data have hurdled the accuracy and effectiveness of differential abundance analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWith the increased adoption of electronic health records, data collected for routine clinical care is used for health outcomes and population sciences research, including the identification of phenotypes. In recent years, research networks, such as eMERGE, OHDSI and PCORnet, have been able to increase statistical power and population diversity by combining patient cohorts. These networks share phenotype algorithms that are executed at each participating site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile natural language processing (NLP) of unstructured clinical narratives holds the potential for patient care and clinical research, portability of NLP approaches across multiple sites remains a major challenge. This study investigated the portability of an NLP system developed initially at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to extract 27 key cardiac concepts from free-text or semi-structured echocardiograms from three academic edical centers: Weill Cornell Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Northwestern Medicine. While the NLP system showed high precision and recall easurements for four target concepts (aortic valve regurgitation, left atrium size at end systole, mitral valve regurgitation, tricuspid valve regurgitation) across all sites, we found moderate or poor results for the remaining concepts and the NLP system performance varied between individual sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe production of nitric oxide (NO) is a key feature of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, which impair T cell activation and proliferation via reversibly blocking interleukin-2 receptor signaling. NO is mainly produced from L-arginine by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Moreover, L-arginine is an essential element for T cell proliferation and behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
June 2020
Epidemiological studies have reported short-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure to increase incidence of asthma, related to the increase of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Aim of this study was to elucidate the role of kallikrein in PM2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFrepresents the most common opportunistic pathogen contributing to pneumonia in hospital-acquired infections. pneumonia has a rapidly progressive clinical course and multi-drug resistant (MDR). Identification of the effective biochemical markers is crucial for improving early diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia.
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