Characteristics of the Perianthic Endophytic Fungal Communities of the Rare Horticultural Plant and Their Changes under Artificial Cultivation.

Flower endophytic fungi play a major role in plant reproduction, stress resistance, and growth and development. However, little is known about how artificial cultivation affects the endophytic fungal community found in the tepals of rare horticultural plants. In this research, we used high-throughput sequencing technology combined with bioinformatics analysis to reveal the endophytic fungal community of tepals in and the effects of artificial cultivation on the community composition and function of these plants, using tepals of from wild habitat, cultivated campus habitat, and cultivated field habitat as research objects.

Exploring Piezoelectric Actuation towards Its Applications in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing.

Piezoelectric materials, which exhibit a charge distribution across the surfaces in reaction to mechanical strain, find significant utility in actuation and sensing applications. Apart from actuation applications like acoustic devices, motors, and vibration damping, an emerging domain for ultrasonic actuators lies in additive manufacturing processes. Ultrasonic waves applied during solidification aim to modulate grain structure and minimize defects.

The protective effects of Arctiin in asthma by attenuating airway inflammation and inhibiting p38/NF-κB signaling.

Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, which affects millions of people worldwide. Arctiin, a bioactive molecule derived from the traditional Chinese Burdock, has not been previously reported for its effects on asthma in infants. In this study, an asthma model was established in mice by stimulation with ovalbumin (OVA).

Children aged 0-14 years had a far lower mortality risk during the entire COVID-19 pandemic in four major industrial countries: an observational study.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study is to describe the morbidity and mortality of children during the entire COVID-19 pandemic. Age-disaggregated data of 108,003,741 cases and 560,426 deaths were collected from Canada, France, Germany, and Italy. The number of cases and deaths per million people per week, as well as case fatality rates (CFRs), were calculated for patients aged 0-14 and ≥ 15 years.

Understanding Melt Pool Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing.

In the laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process, the quality of fabrications is intricately tied to the laser-matter interaction, specifically the formation of the melt pool. This study experimentally examined the intricacies of melt pool characteristics and surface topography across diverse laser powers and speeds via single-track laser scanning on a bare plate and powder bed for 316L stainless steel. The results reveal that the presence of a powder layer amplifies melt pool instability and worsens irregularities due to increased laser absorption and the introduction of uneven mass from the powder.

A green and environmentally benign route to synthesizing Z-scheme BiS-TCN photocatalyst for efficient hydrogen production.

Designing and developing photocatalysts with excellent performance in order to achieve efficient hydrogen production is an important strategy for addressing future energy and environmental challenges. Traditional single-phase photocatalytic materials either have a large bandgap and low visible light response or experience rapid recombination of the photogenerated carriers with low quantum efficiency, seriously hindering their photocatalytic applications. To solve these issues, an important solution is to construct well-matched heterojunctions with highly efficient charge separation capabilities.

Evaluating imputation methods for single-cell RNA-seq data.

Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables the high-throughput profiling of gene expression at the single-cell level. However, overwhelming dropouts within data may obscure meaningful biological signals. Various imputation methods have recently been developed to address this problem.

Comparitive Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Three Plants.

The genus belongs to the family Magnoliaceae, and the species in this genus have important medicinal values. However, the investigation of the correlation between the evolution of the genus and its phylogeny has been severely hampered by the unknown range of species within the genus and the paucity of research on its chloroplast genome. Thus, we selected three species of : var (OO), var (OB), and (R).

Effects of Ru doping on the structural stability and electrochemical properties of LiMoO cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.

The LiMoO (LMO) material is one promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity and absence of oxygen release. However, its surface instability in air and poor conductivity have limited its application. To solve these problems, the Ru element has been successfully introduced into the LMO lattice with the aid of the molten salt method.

Application of fractional exhaled nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in control evaluation of bronchial asthma and diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children.

Objectives: To study the association of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) with asthma control and their value in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children.

Methods: A total of 186 children aged 5-12 years, who attended the outpatient service of the Department of Respiration, Shanghai Children's Hospital due to bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis or who underwent physical examination, were enrolled as subjects, with 52 children in the asthma group, 60 children in the asthma+allergic rhinitis group, 36 children in the allergic rhinitis group, and 38 children in the control group. FeNO, nNO, and pulmonary function were compared between groups.

Cryptogenic hemoptysis caused by isolated aortopulmonary collateral artery formation: a case report.

Hemoptysis in children is caused by various factors, the most common of which is basic lung disease or heart disease. Aortopulmonary collateral arteries (APCAs) are blood vessels that originate from the aorta or its branches and provide blood flow to the pulmonary tissues. We herein report a rare case of APCAs without abnormal structures in the heart.

Steroid myopathy in a child with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: a case report.

Steroid myopathy (SM) is a side effect of glucocorticoid administration. Previous reports of SM after glucocorticoid therapy for respiratory diseases have focused on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults or adolescents. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of SM after treatment with glucocorticoid for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in preschoolers.

DFT Investigation of Hydrogen Atom Abstraction from NHC-Boranes by Methyl, Ethyl and Cyanomethyl Radicals-Composition and Correlation Analysis of Kinetic Barriers.

Understanding the hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) reactions of -heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-boranes is essential for extending the practical applications of boron chemistry. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) computations were performed for the HAA reactions of a series of NHC-boranes attacked by CHCN, Me and Et radicals. Using the computed data, we investigated the correlations of the activation and free energy barriers with their components, including the intrinsic barrier, the thermal contribution of the thermodynamic reaction energy to the kinetic barriers, the activation Gibbs free energy correction and the activation zero-point vibrational energy correction.

DFT investigation of hydrogen atom-abstraction reactions of NHC-boranes by various carbon-centered radicals: barriers and correlation analyses.

In this study, we employed a quantum-mechanical computational method to investigate the hydrogen-atom abstraction reactions of two nitrogen heterocyclic carbene boranes (NHC-boranes), NHC-BH and NHC-BHCN, by a series of carbon-centered radicals bearing various substituents. We explored the degree of correlation of the activation and free energy barriers to their components. Furthermore, we also investigated the effects of the radical and substituent sizes, nucleophilicity/electrophilicity indices, and the spin density distribution of the radical reactants on the three fundamental barriers and the thermal contribution of the reaction energy to the kinetic barrier.

The Significance of Crochetage on the R wave of an Electrocardiogram for the Early Diagnosis of Pediatric Secundum Atrial Septal Defect.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the incidence of crochetage on the R wave in inferior limb leads can be used for the diagnosis of pediatric secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). Two hundred fifty-six children with secundum ASD (case cohort) and 256 age- and gender-matched children without heart disease (control cohort) were included in the study. Statistical analyses were performed to test the relationship between the ASD and the crochetage on the R wave with a single lead and three leads, respectively.

Modeling of time dependent localized flow shear stress and its impact on cellular growth within additive manufactured titanium implants.

Bone augmentation implants are porous to allow cellular growth, bone formation and fixation. However, the design of the pores is currently based on simple empirical rules, such as minimum pore and interconnects sizes. We present a three-dimensional (3D) transient model of cellular growth based on the Navier-Stokes equations that simulates the body fluid flow and stimulation of bone precursor cellular growth, attachment, and proliferation as a function of local flow shear stress.

Anodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of quantum dots: size and stabilizer matter.

The electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is generally believed to be independent of particle sizes or the capping agents used. Herein, we demonstrate that CdTe QDs with different sizes and stabilizers evidently exhibit different ECL behavior in aqueous solution. The ECL of CdTe QDs stabilized by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) displays two waves at potentials of about +1.

Novel CRELD1 gene mutations in patients with atrioventricular septal defect.

Background: Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) occur as clinical defects of several different syndromes, as autosomal dominant defects, and as sporadically occurring malformations. Consequently, there is genetic heterogeneity, but until recently, little is known about the genes involving in the pathogenesis of AVSD. CRELD1 gene, a novel cell adhesion molecule, is a candidate gene for AVSD.