Preparation and application of porcine broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in an immunoassay for efficiently detecting neutralizing antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O.

Neutralizing antibodies provide vital protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). The virus neutralization test (VNT) is a gold standard method for the detection of neutralizing antibodies. However, its application is limited due to the requirement for live virus and unsuitability for large-scale serological surveillance.

Affinity Peptide-Based Circularly Permuted Fluorescent Protein Biosensors for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant form of lung cancer and poses a significant public health challenge. Early detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes, with serum biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg), and cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1) playing a critical role in early screening and pathological classification of NSCLC. However, due to being mainly based on corresponding antibody binding reactions, existing detection technologies for these serum biomarkers have shortcomings such as complex operations, high false positive rates, and high costs.

Structural Repair of Reduced Graphene Oxide Promoted by Single-Layer Graphene.

High-temperature graphitization of graphene oxide (GO) is a crucial step for enhancing interlayer stacking and repairing the in-plane defects of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films. However, the fine control of the structural repair and reducing the energy consumption in thermal treatment remain challenges. In this study, ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations combined with experiments are used to investigate the structural evolution of rGO upon thermal annealing, with or without the presence of single-layer graphene (SLG).

Microglia membrane-mediated trans-blood-brain barrier prodrug micelles enhance phagocytosis for glioblastoma chemo-immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma-associated macrophages & microglia (GAMs) are critical immune cells within the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment. Their phagocytosis of GBM cells is crucial for initiating both innate and adaptive immune responses. GBM cells evade this immune attack by upregulating the anti-phagocytic molecule CD47 on their surface.

Timing of Iliofemoral Vein Stent Implantation after Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Iliofemoral Venous Thrombosis.

Objectives: Comparison of the treatment effects of immediate stent implantation vs staged stent implantation after AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis.

Methods: A study included 80 patients with acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis formed between June 2021 and February 2023. They were divided into two groups: the direct implantation group (37 patients, 9 males) and the staged implantation group (43 patients, 10 males).

Human Brain Organoids Model Abnormal Prenatal Neural Development Induced by Thermal Stimulation.

The developing human foetal brain is sensitive to thermal stimulation during pregnancy. However, the mechanisms by which heat exposure affects human foetal brain development remain unclear, largely due to the lack of appropriate research models for studying thermal stimulation. To address this, we have developed a periodic heating model based on brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells.

Exploring the potential of CAR-macrophage therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) cell therapy has achieved significant success in treating hematologic malignancies, but its efficacy in solid tumor treatment is relatively limited. Therefore, researchers are exploring other genetically modified immune cells as potential treatment strategies to address the challenges in solid tumor therapy. Chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M) involves the genetic engineering of macrophages to express chimeric antigen receptors, enabling them to recognize and attack tumor cells.

Chronic hypoxia promotes pulmonary venous smooth muscle cell proliferation through the CaSR-TRPC6/ROCE pathway.

The mechanism underlying chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary venous remodeling remains unclear. Cell proliferation is key in vascular remodeling, and the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) protein contributes to CH-induced pulmonary venous smooth muscle cell (PVSMC) proliferation. In pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, CaSR and transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) proteins interact, contributing to CH-induced cell proliferation via CaSR-TRPC1/6 signaling.

Site-specific incorporation of F-nulcei at protein C-terminus to probe allosteric conformational transitions of metalloproteins.

Allosteric conformational change is an important paradigm in the regulation of protein function, which is typically triggered by the binding of small cofactors, metal ions or protein partners. Here, we found those conformational transitions can be effectively monitored by F NMR, facilitated by a site-specific F incorporation strategy at the protein C-terminus using asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP). Three case studies show that C-terminal F-nuclei can reveal protein dynamics not only adjacent but also distal to C-terminus, including those occurring in a hemoprotein neuroglobin (Ngb), calmodulin (CaM), and a cobalt metalloregulator (CoaR) responding to both cobalt and tetrapyrrole.

Cost-Effective Synthesis of FeC Catalyst From Nanosized Zero-Valent Iron to Achieve Efficient Photothermocatalytic CO Hydrogenation to Light Olefins.

Fe-based catalysts are commonly applied in the process of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) to olefins, with Hägg iron carbide (FeC) recognized as the primary active phase. However, iron carbonyls, the raw materials for wet chemical synthesis of FeC, are expensive and toxic, which limits large-scale preparation. Here, a cost-effective and versatile method is proposed for the synthesis of FeC nanoparticles (NPs) with nanosized zero-valent iron (abbreviated as NZVI, prepared by reducing iron salts or ball-milling iron powder) instead of iron carbonyls, achieving a cost reduction of 76.

Taprenepag restores maternal-fetal interface homeostasis for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Background And Purpose: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are characterized by abnormalities in brain development and neurobehaviors, including autism. The maternal-fetal interface (MFI) is a highly specialized tissue through which maternal factors affect fetal brain development. However, limited research exists on restoring and maintaining MFI homeostasis and its potential impact on NDDs.

DOCK2 deficiency alleviates neuroinflammation and affords neuroprotection after spinal cord injury.

Neuroinflammation-caused secondary injury is a key event after spinal cord injury (SCI). Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) belonging to DOCK-A subfamily has a vital role in microglia polarization and neuroinflammation via mediating Rac activation. However, the role of DOCK2 in SCI is unclear.

Expansion limits of meshed split-thickness skin grafts.

Split-thickness skin grafts are widely used to treat chronic wounds. Procedure design requires surgeons to predict how much a patch of the patient's own skin expands when it is meshed with rows of slits and stretched over a larger wound area. Accurate prediction of graft expansion remains a challenge, with current models overestimating the actual expansion, leading to suboptimal outcomes.

Cascade Bilateral Regulation of Ferroptosis and Immune Activation Conducted by the Electron-Accepting-Inspired Glycopolymer-Based Nanoreactor.

The immunosuppressive tumor environment, characterized by elevated redox levels, significantly impairs the effectiveness of oxidation and the immune response. Here, an electron-accepting-inspired glycopolymer-based nanoreactor (chitosan-grafted nitrobenzene nanoparticles) CNP employing hypoxia-activated group nitrobenzene was constructed to realize cascade bilateral regulation of ferroptosis and immune activation by intervening antioxidant systems. The as-prepared CNP could consume nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the hypoxia-response process, allowing it to be involved in the recycling of glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx).

Correlation between benign prostatic hyperplasia and comorbidities: a systematic analysis integrating global burden of disease and mendelian randomization study.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic condition in elderly men. Observational studies have identified several comorbidities associated with BPH. However, these studies are limited by various confounding factors and do not clearly explain the association between BPH and its comorbidities.

Deficiency of FABP7 Triggers Premature Neural Differentiation in Idiopathic Normocephalic Autism Organoids.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is caused by heterogeneous genetic and environmental factors, is characterized by diverse clinical phenotypes linked to distinct pathological mechanisms. ASD individuals with a shared clinical phenotype might contribute to revealing the molecular mechanism underlying ASD progression. Here, it is generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cerebral organoids from normocephalic individuals with ASD in a prospective birth cohort with a shared clinical diagnosis.

Combination of polymeric micelle formulation of TGFβ receptor inhibitors and paclitaxel produces consistent response across different mouse models of Triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notoriously difficult to treat due to the lack of targetable receptors and sometimes poor response to chemotherapy. The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) family of proteins and their receptors (TGFRs) are highly expressed in TNBC and implicated in chemotherapy-induced cancer stemness. Here, we evaluated combination treatments using experimental TGFR inhibitors (TGFβi), SB525334 (SB), and LY2109761 (LY) with paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy.

Structural characteristics of plankton community in Dongting Lake and its relationship with water environmental factors.

The plankton community structure and environmental factors in Dongting Lake were investigated during four seasons from September 2020 to August 2021. The results revealed 147 species from 58 genera and 7 phyla of phytoplankton and 84 species from 56 genera and 4 phyla of zooplankton in Dongting Lake. The characteristics of plankton communities varied with time and space.

Association of regular health check-ups with a reduction in mortality in 625,279 elderly participants with hypertension: A population-based cohort study.

Objectives: Health check-ups constitute an essential part of China's primary health care policy and a key measure for health screening and risk assessment for elderly people with hypertension and chronic diseases. The role of health check-ups in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health check-ups and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in elderly individuals with hypertension.

A new type of lanthanide-sodium metalloring organic framework featuring high proton conduction in a wide temperature range and detection of Fe ions.

We present the design and synthesis of two novel isostructural metalloring organic frameworks (MROFs) {[(MeNH)(HO)NaX(μ-OH)(HO)(SIP)]·sol} (FUT-2-X, X = Eu and Sm), which are composed of the sulfonate-carboxylate ligand 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (NaHSIP) and an unprecedented lanthanide-sodium metalloring [XNa(HO)(SIP), X = Eu and Sm]. The two MROFs possess channel walls decorated with uncoordinated sulfonic acid groups and filled with abundant guest molecules residing within the framework, which support the proton conductivity of the materials by expanding the intermolecular hydrogen bonding network. FUT-2-Eu exhibits exceptional proton conductivity over a wide temperature range, achieving conductivity from 1.

Incorporation of a Binuclear Cobalt Complex into MOFs for Photocatalytic CO Reduction with HO as an Electron Donor.

The development of molecular composite photocatalysts for cost-effective, sacrificial-reagent-free CO reduction is desirable but challenging. Herein, we employed an encapsulation strategy to encapsulate the binuclear cobalt complex (CoL) within NH-MIL-125 and synthesized a range of MOF-based composites with varying cobalt content for photocatalytic CO reduction. The photocatalytic results showed that the catalytic performance increased with the increase in CoL content, reaching a rapid CO generation rate of 27.