A 12-year comparison of patients with Alzheimer's dementia with their informants in eight Asian countries.

Background: The number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has increased dramatically in Asia.

Objective: To update the demographic characteristics of patients with AD and their informants in eight Asian countries and compare them from 12 years prior.

Methods: The A1-A3 components of the Uniform Dataset (UDS), version 3.

Xanthoxylin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury through Modulation of Akt/HIF-1α/NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways.

Xanthoxylin, a bioactive phenolic compound extracted from the traditional herbal medicine , is renowned for its anti-inflammatory effects. While previous studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Xanthoxylin, its precise mechanisms, particularly concerning immune response and organ protection, remain underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of Xanthoxylin on inflammation and associated signaling pathways in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI).

Exploring the impact of 40 Hz multi-luminaire light exposure in Alzheimer's dementia: insights from a convenient sampling, non-randomized case-control study.

Background: Recent studies propose 40 Hz neural activity induction as a promising approach for managing Alzheimer's dementia (AD). However, traditional flickering light is suboptimal in addressing cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of AD. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of a novel multi-luminaire lighting technology, with reduced perceptible flickering, for treating AD NPS.

Effectiveness of Early Multimodal Non-pharmacological Interventions in Cognitive Preservation in the Elderly.

Introduction: Multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPI) have been determined as effective in delaying cognitive deterioration. The effectiveness of timing of such interventions in elderly is less discussed. We compared the different effectiveness of MNPI in cognitive preservation in elderly subjects with and without dementia.

A review of SaiLuoTong (MLC-SLT) development in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.

The dementia epidemic, attributed to aging populations, represents a growing socio-economic burden. It is estimated that in 2019 about 55 million people worldwide were living with dementia. With many possible causes of dementia and the possibility of mixed dementia combining Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia the question is whether diagnostic uncertainty exists or whether diagnostic constructs based on single etiologies are incorrect.

Quetiapine Oral Solution in Alzheimer's Disease: Efficacy and Dosage Insights from a Real-World Retrospective Study.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are distressing for patients with dementia, often accelerating functional decline and nursing home placement. Medications such as quetiapine are used to alleviate NPS, but their side effects require cautious use. Liquid formulations such as quetiapine oral suspension suit specific populations; however, real-world data on their use in patients with dementia are limited.

A 12-Year Comparison of Alzheimer's Dementia Patients With Their Informants in Taiwan.

Background: To update the characteristics of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their informants in Taiwan and compare them from 12 years ago.

Methods: 1218 patients with AD and their informants were recruited from six hospitals in Taiwan. The uniform data set version 3.

Association between pain and cognitive and daily functional impairment in older institutional residents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Pain is often neglected in disabled older population, especially in Taiwan where the population of institutional residents is rapidly growing. Our study aimed to investigate pain prevalence and associated factors among institutional residents to improve pain assessment and management.

Methods: This nationwide study recruited 5,746 institutional residents in Taiwan between July 2019 and February 2020.

Analyzing Facial Asymmetry in Alzheimer's Dementia Using Image-Based Technology.

Several studies have demonstrated accelerated brain aging in Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Previous studies have also reported that facial asymmetry increases with age. Because obtaining facial images is much easier than obtaining brain images, the aim of this work was to investigate whether AD exhibits accelerated aging patterns in facial asymmetry.

Association between subclinical epileptiform discharge and the behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's dementia.

Objectives: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are highly prevalent in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing burdens on caregivers. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and subclinical epileptiform discharge (SED) increased with the disease course of AD. However, the interaction between them was still unknown.

The Use of Verbal and Nonverbal Memory Tests for Alzheimer's Disease Screening in Taiwan Chinese.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease typically have initial deficits in memory. Memory testing can be categorized as verbal or nonverbal by the modality of the stimuli used. We compared the discriminative validity of selected verbal and nonverbal memory tests between non-dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Taiwan.

Age and sex differences in the association between APOE genotype and Alzheimer's disease in a Taiwan Chinese population.

Introduction: The () epsilon (ε) 4 allele is a well-established risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Reports on white ancestry populations have showed that age, sex, and ethnicity have different effects on the association between APOE genotype and AD. However, studies on Asian populations such as Taiwan Chinese populations are limited.

The Association Between Subjective Mental Impairment and Objective Cognitive Performance in Non-Demented, Very Mild and Mild Demented Individuals.

Objectives: Explore associations between subjective mental impairment, objective cognitive performance, and subsequent decline in older individuals with different cognitive statuses in Taiwan.

Methods: Use self-reported questionnaire and cognitive abilities screening instrument to assess subjective and objective cognitive function. Categorize participants as reporters or non-reporters based on subjective reports.

Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Macular Thickness in Alzheimer's Dementia with Different Neuropsychological Severities.

This retrospective case-control study aimed to investigate associations between disease severity of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and macular thickness. Data of patients with AD who were under medication (n = 192) between 2013 and 2020, as well as an age- and sex-matched control group (n = 200) with normal cognitive function, were included. AD patients were divided into subgroups according to scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR).

Developing Biomarkers for the Skin: Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prediction of Treatment Outcomes of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory decline and cognitive impairment. Research on biomarkers can aid in early diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, evaluating treatment efficacy, and advancing fundamental research. We conducted a cross-sectional longitudinal study to see if there is an association between AD patients and age-matched healthy controls for their physiologic skin characteristics, such as pH, hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), elasticity, microcirculation, and ApoE genotyping.

Prevalence and the associated factors of cognitive impairment among people living with HIV in Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.

Cognitive impairment impacts the quality of life and increases morbidity and mortality rates. The prevalence of and factors associated with cognitive impairment have become important issues as the age of people living with HIV(PLWH) increases. In 2020, We conducted a cross-sectional study to survey the cognitive impairment among PLWH in three hospitals in Taiwan with Alzheimer Disease-8 (AD8) questionnaire.

Cognitive effects of cilostazol in Alzheimer's dementia patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease: A case-control study.

Aim: Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is a slowly progressing neurodegenerative disease, characterized by beta-amyloid deposition and neurofibrillary tangles. Peripheral atherosclerosis may deteriorate these processes via endothelial cell dysfunction and microvascular impairment. Cilostazol - a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor - is a standard treatment for peripheral arterial occlusive disease and a potential treatment for preserving cognitive function in AD patients.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Institutionalized Patients with Parkinson's Disease in Taiwan: A Nationwide Observational Study.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) are known to be frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) with great impacts on the quality of life, but reports about the prevalence in institutions are few. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for NPSs in institutionalized patients with PD in Taiwan. The National Health Research Institute executed a cross-sectional, community-based, observational study on residential long-term care service institutions.

A review of cognitive and behavioral outcomes of Brivaracetam.

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) can cause cognitive or behavioral adverse drug reactions, which is an important consideration when selecting an appropriate ASM. Brivaracetam (BRV) is a newer synaptic vesicle protein 2A ligand, which is expected to result in fewer neuropsychiatric adverse effects due to its mechanism of action. To understand the impact of BRV on cognition and behavior compared with other ASMs, we conducted a review of the literature using the Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Embase.

Effects of Perampanel on Seizure Control, Cognition, Behavior, and Psychological Status in Patients With Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.

Background And Purpose: Thoroughly acquainting physicians with the effects of antiseizure medications (ASMs) is essential for developing appropriate therapeutic regimens for seizure management. This review summarizes the available evidence regarding patients receiving the antiseizure agent perampanel (PER) and its effects on the cognition, behavior, and psychological status of patients.

Methods: The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for all relevant articles published during 2015-2021 and without any other publication limitations, and also manually searched the reference lists in the identified articles.

Association between Cerebral Coordination Functions and Clinical Outcomes of Alzheimer's Dementia.

Background: Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) is a degenerative disease that impairs cognitive function, initially, and then motor or other function, eventually. Motor coordination function impairment usually accompanies cognition impairment but it is seldom examined whether it can reflect the clinical outcomes of AD. Methods: 113 clinically diagnosed AD patients with a mean age of 78.

Gamma Frequency Inhibits the Secretion and Aggregation of Amyloid-β and Decreases the Phosphorylation of mTOR and Tau Proteins in vitro.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) was the main cause of dementia in an aging society; unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for AD now. Meditation has been reported to thicken the cerebral cortex, and gamma wave at a frequency of 40 hertz (Hz) was recorded during the meditation process from the brain. Previous study showed that non-invasive scintillation gamma frequency oscillation increased the space in recognition and memory of auditory cortex hippocampal gyrus in AD mice model.