Improving Successful Cannulation of External Ventricular Drain: 3D-Printed Surgical Guide for Inexperienced Neurosurgeons.

Objective: External ventricular drain (EVD) is a fundamental neurosurgical procedure that is commonly performed by junior neurosurgeons. Expedient, successful cannulation of the ventricles can be lifesaving. Yet, the free-hand technique of EVD insertion is associated with significant malpositioning rates.

Adverse Events and Complications Associated With Vagal Nerve Stimulation: An Analysis of the Manufacturer And User Facility Device Experience Database.

Objective: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) can have devastating consequences for patients and families. Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is used as a surgical adjunct for treating DRE not amenable to surgical resection. Although VNS is generally safe, it has its inherent complications.

Biopsy of paediatric brainstem intrinsic tumours: Experience from a Singapore Children's Hospital.

Background: Biopsy of intrinsic brainstem tumours presumed to be diffuse midline gliomas (previously known as DIPG) is controversial. Surgery has risks of injury to the eloquent brainstem and may not have direct benefit to the patient. Technological improvements in operative adjuncts have allowed the role of biopsy for paediatric brainstem lesions to be revisited with new insights.

Relevance of presenting risks of frailty, sarcopaenia and osteopaenia to outcomes from aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Introduction: Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a condition with significant morbidity and mortality. Traditional markers of aSAH have established their utility in the prediction of aSAH outcomes while frailty markers have been validated in other surgical specialties. We aimed to compare the predictive value of frailty indices and markers of sarcopaenia and osteopaenia, against the traditional markers for aSAH outcomes.