Dynamic molecular regulation of salt stress responses in maize ( L.) seedlings.

Introduction: Maize ranks among the most essential crops globally, yet its growth and yield are significantly hindered by salt stress, posing challenges to agricultural productivity. To utilize saline-alkali soils more effectively and enrich maize germplasm resources, identifying salt-tolerant genes in maize is essential.

Methods: In this study, we used a salt-tolerant maize inbred line, SPL02, and a salt-sensitive maize inbred line, Mo17.

Distinct Promotion of PEC Water Oxidation of TaO/α-FeO/Co-Ni PBA via Coupling Ni 3d with O 2p.

The development of robust and effective photoanodes is crucial for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production via total water splitting. Herein, the TaO/α-FeO/Co-Ni PBA (TFPB-1) photoanode was constructed by the compositing n-type TaO and n-type α-FeO followed by the deposition of p-type Co-Ni PBA. The IPCE of TFPB-1 was increased to 35.

Asiaticoside alleviated NAFLD by activating Nrf2 and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a globally prevalent clinical problem of chronic liver disorder whose main pathogenic mechanisms are hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reactions. Asiaticoside (Asi) is a compound derived from Centella asiatica, possesses antioxidant, antiphlogistic, antifibrotic, as well as wound healing properties.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Asi on NAFLD and its potential mechanisms.

Live-cell imaging of human liver fibrosis using hepatic micro-organoids.

Due to the limitations of available in vitro systems and animal models, we lack a detailed understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of and have minimal treatment options for liver fibrosis. Therefore, we engineered a live-cell imaging system that assessed fibrosis in a human multilineage hepatic organoid in a microwell (i.e.

Effective Improvement of Thermodynamics and Kinetics of BiVO Photoanode via CuI for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

The preparation of durable and efficient photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation is of great importance in promoting the development of green hydrogen production and artificial photosynthesis. Here, n-type BiVO was combined with p-type CuI to construct a CuI/BiVO (CIB-1) p-n heterojunction photoanode. The composite photoanode effectively overcame the drawbacks of BiVO, such as low separation and injection efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.

Genetic architecture of kernel-related traits in sweet and waxy maize revealed by genome-wide association analysis.

Introduction: Maize ( L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, the kernel size-related traits are the major components of maize grain yield.

Methods: To dissect the genetic architecture of four kernel-related traits of 100-kernel weight, kernel length, kernel width, and kernel diameter, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in the waxy and sweet maize panel comprising of 447 maize inbred lines re-sequenced at the 5× coverage depth.

Distribution of Antibiotic-Resistant Genes in Intestines of Infants and Influencing Factors.

The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in the intestines of infants and the factors affecting their distribution. Breast milk and infant stool samples were collected from nine full-term, healthy mother-infant pairs. The bacterial distribution and various types of ARGs present in the samples were analyzed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Bone transport induces the release of factors with multi-tissue regenerative potential for diabetic wound healing in rats and patients.

Tibial cortex transverse distraction is a surgical method for treating severe diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), but the underlying mechanism is unclear. We show that antioxidant proteins and small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with multiple-tissue regenerative potential are released during bone transport (BT) in humans and rats. These vesicles accumulate in diabetic wounds and are enriched with microRNAs (miRNAs) (e.

Hepatic organoids move from adolescence to maturity.

Since organoids were developed 15 years ago, they are now in their adolescence as a research tool. The ability to generate 'tissue in a dish' has created enormous opportunities for biomedical research. We examine the contributions that hepatic organoids have made to three areas of liver research: as a source of cells and tissue for basic research, for drug discovery and drug safety testing, and for understanding disease pathobiology.

Amylase-assisted extraction alters nutritional and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides and saponins isolated from spp.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of amylase in hydrolyzing complex carbohydrates of different parts of spp. The aqueous extracts of the samples were analyzed for their selected nutritional composition and physicochemical properties. The purified extracts were also structurally characterized.

Carbonized Polymer Dots/Bi/β-BiO for Efficient Photosynthesis of HO via Redox Dual Pathways.

A novel heterojunction photocatalyst of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs)/Bi/β-BiO is successfully synthesized via a one-pot solvothermal method by adjusting the reaction temperature and time. As a solvent and carbon source, ethylene glycol not only supports the conversion of Bi to β-BiO but also undergoes its polymerization, cross-linking, and carbonization to produce CPDs. In addition, partial Bi is reduced to Bi by ethylene glycol.

Chondroitin sulfate and chitosan-coated liposomes as a novel delivery system for betanin: Preparation, characterization and in vitro digestion behavior.

Betanin, a water-soluble pigment known for its high bioactivity, is hindered by pH and temperature sensitivity, weak ionic strength, and low bioavailability. In this study, nanoliposome (NPS), chitosan-coated NPS (CNPS), and chondroitin sulfate-chitosan bilayer-modified nanoliposomes (SCNPS) were prepared based on a layer-by-layer electrostatic interaction method for betanin encapsulation. The increase of polymer layers from NPS to SCNPS led to a monotonic increment from 223.

Neuron Navigator 1 (Nav1) regulates the response to cocaine in mice.

Genetic variation accounts for much of the risk for developing a substance use disorder, but the underlying genetic factors and their genetic effector mechanisms are mostly unknown. Inbred mouse strains exhibit substantial and heritable differences in the extent of voluntary cocaine self-administration. Computational genetic analysis of cocaine self-administration data obtained from twenty-one inbred strains identified Nav1, a member of the neuron navigator family that regulates dendrite formation and axonal guidance, as a candidate gene.

Synergy Effect of the Enhanced Local Electric Field and Built-In Electric Field of CoS/Mo-Doped BiVO for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

Bismuth vanadate is a promising material for photoelectrochemical water oxidation. However, it suffers from a low quantum efficiency, poor stability, and slow water oxidation kinetics. Here, we developed a novel photoanode of CoS/Mo-BiVO with excellent photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance.

Benefit of Nasal Douche in COVID-19 Patients with Recurrence of Positive SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA.

Purpose: The purpose was to review relevant clinical data and formulate recommendations supporting the use of saline as a simple rinse for an early reassuring intervention to reduce the occurrence of re-positive COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study, which enrolled patients with confirmed re-testing positive COVID-19 during 7-60 days after discharge from Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen. By one-to-two propensity score matching for age and sex, the control group of those not re-testing positive during the same period served as matched control.

GTR: An SQL Generator With Transition Representation in Cross-Domain Database Systems.

Recent studies have focused on using natural language (NL) to automatically retrieve useful data from database (DB) systems. As an important component of autonomous DB systems, the NL-to-SQL technique can assist DB administrators in writing high-quality SQL statements and make persons with no SQL background knowledge learn complex SQL languages. However, existing studies cannot deal with the issue that the expression of NL inevitably mismatches the implementation details of SQLs, and the large number of out-of-domain (OOD) words makes it difficult to predict table columns.

Integrative transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the mechanisms of light-induced pigmentation in purple waxy maize.

Introduction: Waxy maize, mainly consumed at the immature stage, is a staple and vegetable food in Asia. The pigmentation in the kernel of purple waxy maize enhances its nutritional and market values. Light, a critical environmental factor, affects anthocyanin biosynthesis and results in pigmentation in different parts of plants, including in the kernel.

Viral and antibody dynamics of acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant (B.1.1.529): a prospective cohort study from Shenzhen, China.

Background: Elucidating viral dynamics within the host is important for designing public health measures against SARS-CoV-2, particularly during the early stages of infection when transmission potential rapidly increases. We aimed to analyse the viral and antibody dynamics of the omicron variant in relation to symptom onset or laboratory confirmation and replication dynamics throughout the infection course.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to Shenzhen Third People's Hospital (Shenzhen, China) between Jan 11, 2020, and April 24, 2022, were screened for eligibility.

Development of a New Heteropolyoxotantalate Cluster for Multidimensional Polyoxotantalate Materials.

A unique heteropolyoxotantalate (hetero-POTa) cluster [POTaO] (PTa) was first developed using pyrophosphate as a key to open the ultrastable skeleton of the classical Lindqvist-type [TaO] precursor. The PTa cluster can serve as a general and flexible secondary building unit to create a family of brand-new multidimensional POTa architectures. This work not only promotes the limited structural diversity of hetero-POTa but also provides a practical strategy for new extended POTa architectures.

Genome-wide association study presents insights into the genetic architecture of drought tolerance in maize seedlings under field water-deficit conditions.

Introduction: Drought stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses leading to crop yield reduction. Due to the wide range of planting areas, the production of maize is particularly affected by global drought stress. The cultivation of drought-resistant maize varieties can achieve relatively high, stable yield in arid and semi-arid zones and in the erratic rainfall or occasional drought areas.

Analysis of structural variation among inbred mouse strains.

Background: 'Long read' sequencing methods have been used to identify previously uncharacterized structural variants that cause human genetic diseases. Therefore, we investigated whether long read sequencing could facilitate genetic analysis of murine models for human diseases.

Results: The genomes of six inbred strains (BTBR T + Itpr3tf/J, 129Sv1/J, C57BL/6/J, Balb/c/J, A/J, SJL/J) were analyzed using long read sequencing.