Cost-effectiveness analysis of combination therapies involving novel agents for first/second-relapse patients with multiple myeloma: a Markov model approach with calibration techniques.

Background: As the number of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrating the survival benefits of combination therapies in previously treated multiple myeloma (MM) patients increases, it is essential to determine the most cost-effective treatment through robust economic evaluation. This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of combination therapies for first/second-relapse MM patients from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Methods: A Markov model was developed to evaluate three combination therapy groups based on primary drugs (bortezomib, lenalidomide, and carfilzomib).

Yi-qi-yang-yin decoction ameliorates diabetic retinopathy: New and comprehensive evidence from network pharmacology, machine learning, molecular docking and molecular biology experiment.

Yi-Qi-Yang-Yin Decoction (YQYY), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been used to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR), yet its precise mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. In this study, two distinct diabetic models, namely spontaneous type 2 diabetic db/db mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats, were employed to assess the efficacy of YQYY in ameliorating DR. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was employed to identify the chemical composition of YQYY in mouse serum.

Isolation, characterization and virulence assessment of Type 1d CP bovine viral diarrhea virus originating from Inner Mongolia, China.

In recent years, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has been associated with increased respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in cattle. Comprehensive monitoring and investigations into the virus's pathological features are crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. This study investigated BVDV prevalence and pathogenicity in farms undergoing elimination protocols, with a focus on characterizing a novel Cytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (CP-type BVDV) strain (HH839) isolated from a symptomatic calf in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia.

Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Female Rats by Interfering with Oocyte Meiosis and Triggering DNA Damage.

Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) are among the most prevalent chemicals detected in human serum. As an emerging persistent organic pollutant, their toxicity mechanisms, particularly concerning the female reproductive system, remain poorly understood. In this study, we present both and evidence of ovarian toxicity induced by MCCPs and insights into their underlying molecular mechanisms.

Evaluation of hyperprogressive disease with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma: A secondary analysis of the IMbrave150 trial.

The use of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as monotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with an increased risk of hyperprogressive disease (HPD), the occurrence of which carries a poor prognosis. However, it is unknown whether contemporary frontline treatment with the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab causes significant HPD. This study conducted a secondary analysis of patient-level data from the IMbrave150 randomized controlled trial of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib for frontline treatment of HCC.

Complex Probiotics Ameliorate Fecal Microbiota Transplantation-Induced IBS in Mice via Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Modulation.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder. Emerging evidence implicates gut microbiota dysbiosis in IBS pathogenesis, and probiotic interventions targeting microbial modulation hold therapeutic promise. this study used fecal microbiota transplantation to establish a mouse model of IBS before evaluating the effects of the complex probiotic by using metagenomics and targeted metabolomics to explore the potential mechanism.

The Complete Chloroplast Genome and the Phylogenetic Analysis of (Cyperaceae) Collected in Cherry Blossom Nursery.

, also known as globe fringerush, is one of the most troublesome annual Cyperaceae weeds in dryland fields and nurseries in the Yangtze Plain, Middle and Lower in China. The chloroplast (cp) genome of , and even this genus, has not been studied yet. In this study, the feature of the cp genome of and its phylogenetic relationships has been reported for the first time.

Endophytic Fungal Diversity and Its Interaction Mechanism with Medicinal Plants.

This paper reviewed the diversity of endophytic fungi and their interactions with medicinal plants, along with the research methodologies utilized to investigate these interactions. It mainly includes the diversity of endophytic fungi, as well as distribution diversity, species diversity, and the diversity of their metabolites and functions, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, insecticidal, antioxidant capabilities, and so on. The research methodologies employed to investigate the interactions between endophytic fungi and medicinal plants are categorized into metagenomics, transcriptomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.

Integrative phenomics, metabolomics and genomics analysis provides new insights for deciphering the genetic basis of metabolism in polished rice.

Background: Metabolomics is one of the most widely used omics tools for deciphering the functional networks of the metabolites for crop improvement. However, it is technically demanding and costly.

Results: We propose a relatively inexpensive approach for metabolomics analysis in which metabolomics is combined with hyperspectral imaging via machine learning.

Association of radiotherapy with secondary pelvic cancers in male patients with rectal cancer.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the risk of secondary prostate cancer (SPC) and secondary bladder cancer (SBC) in male rectal cancer (RC) patients after radiotherapy (RT) and to assess survival outcomes.

Methods: This large population-based study included men with RC from nine registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1973 and 2015. Fine-Gray competing risks and Poisson regression were used to assess the RT-related risk of SPC and SBC in patients who received RT versus those who did not (NRT).

FV-429 suppresses cancer cell migration and invasion by EMT via the Hippo/YAP1 pathway in pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system, with the majority of patients not succumbing to the primary tumor but rather to metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is abnormally activated in numerous cancers, whereby it promotes tumor cell migration and invasion. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is commonly overexpressed in various cancer types and plays an oncogenic role.

AMD1, a cardiotoxicity target for Maduramicin.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate AMD1 cardiotoxicity function for Maduramicin (Mad).

Methods: SD rats were divided into control (Control) group and Mad treatment (3.5 mg/kg) group (Mad).

CircSARS-CV2-N1368 from SARS-CoV-2 impairs endothelial cell function through the upregulation of ATF7 to activate TLR4/NF-κB/ROS signaling.

SARS-CoV-2 can encode circular RNAs (circRNAs); however, the potential effects of exogenous SARS-CoV-2 circRNAs on cardiovascular sequelae remain unknown. Three circRNAs derived from the nucleocapsid (N) gene of SARS-CoV-2, namely, circSARS-CV2-Ns, were identified for functional studies. In particular, circSARS-CV2-N1368 was shown to enhance platelet adhesiveness to endothelial cells (ECs) and inhibit EC-dependent vascular relaxation.

Targeted long-read sequencing enables higher diagnostic yield of ADPKD by accurate PKD1 genetic analysis.

Genetic diagnosis of ADPKD has been challenging due to the variant heterogeneity, presence of duplicated segments, and high GC content of exon 1 in PKD1. In our reproductive center, 40 patients were still genetically undiagnosed or diagnosed without single-nucleotide resolution after testing with a short-read sequencing panel in 312 patients with ADPKD phenotype. A combination of long-range PCR and long-read sequencing approach for PKD1 was performed on these 40 patients.

A vehicle trajectory prediction model that integrates spatial interaction and multiscale temporal features.

In heterogeneous traffic flow environments, it is critical to accurately predict the future trajectories of human-driven vehicles around intelligent vehicles in real time. This paper introduces a neural network model that integrates both spatial interaction information and the long-term and short-term characteristics of the time series. Initially, the historical state information of both the target vehicle and its surrounding counterparts, along with their spatial interaction relationships, are fed into a Graph Attention Network (GAT) encoder.

Gene Variants Predispose Individuals to Tetralogy of Fallot.

Unlabelled: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart malformation. While a few susceptibility genes for TOF have been identified, research on the genetic basis of TOF is limited. The () gene encodes the macrophage-stimulating protein receptor with tyrosine phosphatase activity that is involved in immune defense.

Morphogenic Growth 3D Printing.

Inspired by nature's morphogenesis, a new 3D printing process -growth printing (GP)- takes advantage of a self-propagating curing front to produce 3D polymeric parts following a growth-like development plan. The propagation of the curing front is driven by the exothermic polymerization of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), which transforms the liquid resin into a stiff polymer as it propagates at 1 mm s. GP is triggered when a heated initiator contacts the uncured liquid resin in an open container.

Diverse nanoparticles deliver mRNA to enhance tumor immunotherapy.

Limited efficacy and severe side effects often result in suboptimal outcomes to solid tumor therapies. In contrast, the reduced side effects and potential long-term benefits of tumor immunotherapy offer promise, notwithstanding the challenges of variable patient responses and immune-related adverse events hindering its widespread application. Recent advances in mRNA technology have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy.

Whole transcriptome sequencing-based identification and functional prediction of salt-tolerant-related circular RNAs in ZM-4 (Malus zumi).

CircRNAs, are a class of covalently closed non-coding RNAs; they have been identified in many plants and play an important role in the response to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about the response of the circRNAs of salt-tolerant apple rootstock resources in response to salt stress. In this study, the leaves and roots of the salt-tolerant Malus resource, ZM-4, and the salt-sensitive rootstock M9T337, were used as test materials and were exposed to 75 mmol/L NaCl stress for 0 h and 24 h.

Mediating role of the ratio of family income to poverty in the association between depressive symptoms and stroke: Evidence from a large population-based study.

Background: Previous investigations have established a notable correlation between depressive symptoms and stroke incidence, as well as the link between stroke occurrence and the ratio of family income-to-poverty ratio (PIR). The intricate dynamics between depressive states and the incidence of stroke mediated by PIR, however, remains inadequately understood.

Objective: The objective of this research is to scrutinize the link between depressive states and stroke, assessing how PIR functions as a mediator in this dynamic.

Establishment of a prediction model and immune infiltration characteristics of atherosclerosis progression based on neutrophil extracellular traps-related genes.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a novel regulatory mechanism of neutrophils, which can promote endothelial cell inflammation through direct or indirect pathways and play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS). This study aimed to explore the mechanism of NETs in AS progression using bioinformatics methods. We acquired datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and used Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify communal genes shared by NET-related genes.

Comparing a BCI communication system in a patient with Multiple System Atrophy, with an animal model.

Paralysis affects many people worldwide, and the people affected often suffer from impaired communication. We developed a microelectrode-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) for enabling communication in patients affected by paralysis, and implanted it in a patient with Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), a neurodegenerative disease that causes widespread neural symptoms including paralysis. To verify the effectiveness of the BCI system, it was also tested by implanting it in a non-human primate (NHP).

Design and Fabrication of Microelectrodes for Dielectrophoresis and Electroosmosis in Microsystems for Bio-Applications.

Microfluidic technology has emerged as a multidisciplinary field, integrating fluid dynamics, electronics, materials science, etc., enabling precise manipulation of small volumes of fluids and particles for various bio-applications. Among the forms of energy integrated into microfluidic systems, electric fields are particularly advantageous for achieving precise control at the microscale.

Transcriptional substrates of cortical thickness alterations in anhedonia of major depressive disorder.

Background: Anhedonia is a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), which has been shown to be associated with abnormalities in cortical morphology. However, the correlation between cortical thickness (CT) changes with anhedonia in MDD and gene expression remains unclear.

Methods: We investigated the link between brain-wide gene expression and CT correlates of anhedonia in individuals with MDD, using 7 Tesla neuroimaging and a publicly available transcriptomic dataset.

Distributions and partitioning of airborne Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in urban atmosphere of Northern New Jersey.

This study collected gas-phase and particulate samples, wet deposition, and total deposition from the urban atmosphere in Northern New Jersey to determine the atmospheric characteristics of airborne ionic Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). The results showed higher PFAS concentrations in the gas phase (197.7 ± 47.