Preventive hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves acute graft-versus-host disease by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Background: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been confirmed as an effective and economical therapeutic modality for treating hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), whether induced by infection or acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), in transplant recipients. However, its potential benefits in treating aGVHD remain largely unknown. This study explored the effects of HBOT on aGVHD and its underlying mechanisms.

Rightward brain structural asymmetry in young children with autism.

To understand the neural mechanism of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID) that can be associated with ASD, it is important to investigate individuals at an early stage with brain, behavioural and also genetic measures, but such research is still lacking. Here, using the cross-sectional sMRI data of 1030 children under 8 years old, we employed developmental normative models to investigate the atypical development of gray matter volume (GMV) asymmetry in individuals with ASD without DD/ID, ASD with DD/ID and individuals with only DD/ID, and their associations with behavioral and clinical measures and transcription profiles. By extracting the individual deviations of patients from the typical controls with normative models, we found a commonly abnormal pattern of GMV asymmetry across all ASD children: more rightward laterality in the inferior parietal lobe and precentral gyrus, and higher individual variability in the temporal pole.

Characteristics and correlation of flavor substances and hangover indexes in Chinese baijiu during storage.

It is generally believed that there is a great relationship between hangover and the age of Baijiu. However, what factors make Baijiu (stored for a long time) feel better after drinking has not been well explained. In this study, ethanol metabolism, oxidation stress, inflammation and release of inhibitory neurotransmitter were selected as the indicator of hangover.

Molecular characterization of PANoptosis-related genes as novel signatures for peripheral nerve injury based on time-series transcriptome sequencing.

Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways play pivotal roles in the development and progression of peripheral nerve injury (PNI). PANoptosis, as a novel form of PCD pathway with key features of pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis, is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple neurologic diseases. This study aimed to identify PANoptosis-related biomarkers and characterize their molecular roles and immune landscape in PNI.

Efficient and green production of flavone-5-O-glycosides by glycosyltransferases in Escherichia coli.

O-Glycosylflavonoids exhibit diverse biological activities but their low content in plants is difficult to extract and isolate, and chemical synthesis steps are cumbersome, which are harmful to the environment. Therefore, the biosynthesis of O-glycosylflavonoids represents a green and sustainable alternative strategy, with glycosyltransferases playing a crucial role in this process. However, there are few studies on flavone 5-O-glycosyltransferases, which limits the synthesis of rare flavone 5-O glycosides by microorganisms.

A pharmacovigilance study of FDA adverse events for sugammadex.

Background: Sugammadex, a selective steroidal neuromuscular blocking agent reversal agent, is increasingly employed for the rapid restoration of neuromuscular function. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of sugammadex's safety profile.

Methods: Adverse events (AEs) related to sugammadex reported in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from January 2009 to September 2023 were extracted.

Atypical BCR-ABL1 transcript in mixed phenotype acute leukemia with bone marrow necrosis.

Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a type of acute leukemia in which encompasses mixed features of myeloid, T-lymphoid, and/or B-lymphoid differentiation. Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph) MPAL is a rare subgroup with a poor prognosis and accounts for ＜1% of adult acute leukemia. Until now, there is still no consensus on how to best treat Ph MPAL.

Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Promote the Development of Bone Microtissues for Accelerated Bone Regeneration by Activating the FAK/Akt Pathway.

Scaffold-free bone microtissues differentiated from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroids offer great potential for bottom-up bone tissue engineering as a direct supply of cells and osteogenic signals. Many biomaterials or biomolecules have been incorporated into bone microtissues to enhance their osteogenic abilities, but these materials are far from clinical approval. Here, we aimed to incorporate hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles, an essential component of bone matrix, into MSC spheroids to instruct their osteogenic differentiation into bone microtissues and further self-organization into bone organoids with a trabecular structure.

Maslinic acid alleviates alcoholic liver injury in mice and regulates intestinal microbiota via the gut-liver axis.

Background: Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, is widely distributed in natural plants and mainly found in the fruit and leaves of olives and hawthorn. MA has been reported as having many health-promoting functions, such as anticancer, anti-inflammation and neuroprotective activities. According to previous study, hawthorn extract has certain hepatoprotective effects.

Eltrombopag can promote platelet implantation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as safely and similarly to thrombopoietin.

Background: Eltrombopag has demonstrated efficacy in treating low platelet (PLT) levels, but it remains unclear whether eltrombopag can promote PLT engraftment after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: Forty-one HSCT patients received eltrombopag 50 mg/d from +1 day until PLT >50 × 10/L or 1 month after HSCT. Fifty-one patients in the same period received thrombopoietin (TPO) to promote PLT graft after HSCT and served as a control group.

SH2B1 Tunes Hippocampal ERK Signaling to Influence Fluid Intelligence in Humans and Mice.

Fluid intelligence is a cognitive domain that encompasses general reasoning, pattern recognition, and problem-solving abilities independent of task-specific experience. Understanding its genetic and neural underpinnings is critical yet challenging for predicting human development, lifelong health, and well-being. One approach to address this challenge is to map the network of correlations between intelligence and other constructs.

Electrospun Composite PLLA-PPSB Nanofiber Nerve Conduits for Peripheral Nerve Defects Repair and Regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common clinical problem and regenerating peripheral nerve defects remain a significant challenge. Poly(polyol sebacate) (PPS) polymers are developed as promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, elastomeric properties, and ease of production. However, the application of PPS-based biomaterials in nerve tissue engineering, especially in PNI repair, is limited.

Serum indicators in functional high-risk multiple myeloma patients undertaking proteasome inhibitors therapy: a retrospective study.

Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a class of malignant plasma cell diseases. An increasing application of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and anti-myeloma agents represented by proteasome inhibitors (PIs) has improved the response rates and survival of MM patients. Patients progressing within 12 months were recently categorized with functional high-risk (FHR), which could not be clarified by existing genetic risk factors, with poor outcomes.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRO represses lung adenocarcinoma progression by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and restraining tumor metastasis.

Emerging evidence indicates that protein activities regulated by receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are crucial for a variety of cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and immunological response. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO), an RPTP, has been revealed as a putative suppressor in the development of particular tumors. However, the function and the underlying mechanisms of PTPRO in regulating of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are not well understood.

Caregiver-child interaction as an effective tool for identifying autism spectrum disorder: evidence from EEG analysis.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals across their lifespan. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes. However, current diagnostic methods are often time-consuming, and costly, making them inaccessible to many families.

A review of the recent progress in biotrickling filters: packing materials, gases, micro-organisms, and CFD.

Organic pollutants in the air have serious consequences on both human health and the environment. Among the various methods for removing organic pollution gas, biotrickling filters (BTFs) are becoming more and more popular due to their cost-effective advantages. BTF can effectively degrade organic pollutants without producing secondary pollutants.

Protective factors for children with autism spectrum disorder during COVID-19-related strict lockdowns: a Shanghai autism early developmental cohort study.

Background: COVID-19 lockdowns increased the risk of mental health problems, especially for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, despite its importance, little is known about the protective factors for ASD children during the lockdowns.

Methods: Based on the Shanghai Autism Early Developmental Cohort, 188 ASD children with two visits before and after the strict Omicron lockdown were included; 85 children were lockdown-free, while 52 and 51 children were under the longer and the shorter durations of strict lockdown, respectively.

Intelligent Recognition Using Ultralight Multifunctional Nano-Layered Carbon Aerogel Sensors with Human-Like Tactile Perception.

Humans can perceive our complex world through multi-sensory fusion. Under limited visual conditions, people can sense a variety of tactile signals to identify objects accurately and rapidly. However, replicating this unique capability in robots remains a significant challenge.

Echinacoside, a promising sortase A inhibitor, combined with vancomycin against murine models of MRSA-induced pneumonia.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for a range of severe infections, such as skin infections, bacteremia, and pneumonia. Due to its antibiotic-resistant nature, current research focuses on targeting its virulence factors. Sortase A (SrtA) is a transpeptidase that anchors surface proteins to the bacterial cell wall and is involved in adhesion and invasion to host cells.