Non-Targeted Metabolomics Investigation of a Sub-Chronic Variable Stress Model Unveils Sex-Dependent Metabolic Differences Induced by Stress.

Depression is twice as prevalent in women as in men, however, most preclinical studies of depression have used male rodent models. This study aimed to examine how stress affects metabolic profiles depending on sex using a rodent depression model: sub-chronic variable stress (SCVS). The SCVS model of male and female mice was established in discovery and validation sets.

Fabrication of chitin-glucan nanofibers: Insights into mushroom pretreatment and subsequent acidic deep eutectic solvent-based esterification.

Mushrooms contain chitin-glucan complex (CGC), a natural copolymer of chitin and glucan, and nanofibrillation enhances its applicability. Here, a novel method was used to fabricate chitin-glucan nanofibers (CGNFs) from white button mushrooms. The first stage was to pretreat the raw mushroom using hot water and alkali to remove water-soluble glucans and alkali-soluble proteins, respectively, producing a CGC amenable to nanofibrillation.