Rice THIN CULM 4 (TC4) Modulates Culm Strength by Regulating Morphology, Structure, and Development.

Culm strength is crucial for rice growth, nutrition transportation, and structural resilience, which are essential for lodging resistance and stable production. In this study, we identified a rice thin culm mutant tc4, characterized by thinner culms and thicker cavity walls, resulting in weakened culm mechainical strength. Using map-based cloning, the candidate gene was isolated, and complementation and CRISPR/Cas9 experiments confirmed that a single nucleotide substitution in TC4 is responsible for the thin and brittle culm phenotype.

A label-free electrochemical biosensor for sensitive analysis of the PARP-1 activity.

Early diagnosis of tumors is becoming increasingly important in modern healthcare. As studies have demonstrated, Poly(ADP)ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is overexpressed in more aggressive tumors. Consequently, sensitive detection of PARP-1 activity holds significant practical importance in clinical diagnostics and biomedical research.

The potential clinical value of platelet aggregation in colorectal tumor progression.

Objective: The present study is to examine whether platelet aggregation function, platelet count and mean platelet volume are indicators that related to clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 546 patients with colorectal tumors and 118 healthy controls were enrolled, and patients with colorectal tumors were grouped according to malignancy, prognosis, recurrence and metastasis. The parameters of platelet aggregation function included max aggregation ratio, average aggregation ratio and max aggregation time were detected.

Catalytic Asymmetric Diastereodivergent Synthesis of 2-Alkenylindoles Bearing both Axial and Central Chirality.

The catalytic asymmetric diastereodivergent synthesis of axially chiral 2-alkenylindoles was established via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed addition reactions of C3-unsubstituted 2-alkenylindoles with -hydroxybenzyl alcohols under different reaction conditions. Using this strategy, two series of 2-alkenylindoles bearing both axial and central chirality were synthesized in a diastereodivergent fashion with moderate to high yields and good stereoselectivities (up to 99% yield, 95:5 er, >95:5 dr). Moreover, theoretical calculations were performed on the key transition states leading to different stereoisomers, which provided an in-depth understanding of the origin of the observed stereoselectivity and diastereodivergence of the products under different reaction conditions.

The status quo and correlational analysis of nursing practices, burnout, and social support among nurses from private hospitals in Dazhou, a less developed area of China.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of nursing practices, job burnout and social support among private hospitals in Dazhou, Sichuan Province, and perform correlational analysis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 244 nurses were surveyed via convenience sampling from 7 private hospitals, which were randomly selected from Dazhou city.

Interfacial Thermal Fluctuations Stabilize Bulk Nanobubbles.

Consensus on bulk nanobubble stability remains elusive, despite accepted indirect evidence for longevity. We develop a nanobubble evolution model by incorporating thermal capillary wave theory that reveals that dense nanobubbles generated by acoustic cavitation tend to shrink and intensify interfacial thermal fluctuations; this significantly reduces surface tension to neutralize enhanced Laplace pressure, and secures their stabilization at a finite size. A stability criterion emerges: thermal fluctuation intensity scales superlinearly with curvature: sqrt[⟨h^{2}⟩]∝(1/R)^{n}, n>1.

Interleg coordination in free-walking bug Erthesina fullo (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Insects can adapt their walking patterns to complex and varied environments and retain the ability to walk even after significant changes in their physical attributes, such as amputation. Although the interleg coordination of intact insects has been widely described in previous studies, the adaptive walking patterns in free-walking insects with amputation of 1 or more legs are still unclear. The pentatomid bug Erthesina fullo exhibits a tripod gait, when walking freely on horizontal substrates, like many other insects.

Disturbed glycolipid metabolism activates CXCL13-CXCR5 axis in senescent TSCs to promote heterotopic ossification.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs as a common complication after injury, while its risk factor and mechanism remain unclear, which restricts the development of pharmacological treatment. Clinical research suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are prone to developing HO in the tendon, but solid evidence and mechanical research are still needed. Here, we combined the clinical samples and the DM mice model to identify that disordered glycolipid metabolism aggravates the senescence of tendon-derived stem cells (TSCs) and promotes osteogenic differentiation.

Hnrnpk protects against osteoarthritis through targeting WWC1 mRNA and inhibiting Hippo signaling pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related or post-traumatic degenerative whole joint disease characterized by the rupture of articular cartilage homeostasis, the regulatory mechanisms of which remain elusive. This study identifies the essential role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) in maintaining articular cartilage homeostasis. Hnrnpk expression is markedly downregulated in human and mice OA cartilage.

Occult urothelial carcinoma with mediastinal metastasis: A case report.

Occult urothelial carcinoma (UC), particularly with mediastinal metastases, is an uncommon clinical occurrence. The present study describes the unusual case of a 70-year-old male patient who developed mediastinal metastases from an occult UC. Histological evaluations and immunohistochemical features of the mediastinal tumor were indicative of UC; however, extensive imaging failed to identify the primary urological lesion.

Pyroptosis in microbial infectious diseases.

Pyroptosis is a gasdermins-mediated programmed cell death that plays an essential role in immune regulation, and its role in autoimmune disease and cancer has been studied extensively. Increasing evidence shows that various microbial infections can lead to pyroptosis, associated with the occurrence and development of microbial infectious diseases. This study reviews the recent advances in pyroptosis in microbial infection, including bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.

Case Report: Ensartinib for gastric epithelioid inflammatory myofibrosarcoma with STRN-ALK fusion.

Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) is a highly aggressive malignant subtype of inflammatory myofibroblastoma (IMT) associated with poor prognosis. IMT can occur in various parts of the body, most frequently in the lungs, followed by the mesentery, omentum, retroperitoneum, and pelvis, among other areas; however, it is exceptionally rare in the stomach. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a critical driver of lung cancer development and is currently the "gold standard" target for non-small cell lung cancer treatment.

MiR-184 targeting FOXO1 regulates host-cell oxidative stress induced by via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

is a human pathogen that causes atypical pneumonia after zoonotic transmission. We confirmed that infection induces oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial (HBEs) cells and explored how this is regulated through miR-184 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. miR-184 mimic, miR-184 inhibitor, FOXO1 siRNA, or negative control sequence was transfected into HBE cells cultured in serum-free medium using Lipofectamine 2000.

Improving the Herbicide Resistance of Rice 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase by DNA Shuffling Basis-Directed Evolution.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is an ideal target for herbicide resistance genetic engineering. In this study, a mutant MFRR-2 with mesotrione resistance was screened from an HPPD and mutant HPPD DNA shuffling library. The enzyme properties showed that although the stability of the mutant decreased in vitro, the enzyme activity of MFRR-2 at the optimum temperature of 25 °C was still equivalent to that of HPPD.

Rubiadin-1-methyl ether inhibits BECN1 transcription and Beclin1-dependent autophagy during osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NF-κB p65 activation.

As an active substance isolated from the root of How., rubiadin-1-methyl ether (RBM), can improve osteoporosis due to its inhibition on osteoclastogenesis. Autophagy plays a key role in osteoclastogenesis.

Current Status and Future Trends of Cold Atmospheric Plasma as an Oncotherapy.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a redox modulation tool, is capable of inhibiting a wide spectrum of cancers and has thus been proposed as an emerging onco-therapy. However, with incremental successes consecutively reported on the anticancer efficacy of CAP, no consensus has been made on the types of tumours sensitive to CAP due to the different intrinsic characteristics of the cells and the heterogeneous design of CAP devices and their parameter configurations. These factors have substantially hindered the clinical use of CAP as an oncotherapy.

Hnrnpk is essential for embryonic limb bud development as a transcription activator and a collaborator of insulator protein Ctcf.

Proper development of the limb bud relies on the concordance of various signals, but its molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully illustrated. Here we report that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is essential for limb bud development. Its ablation in the limb bud results in limbless forelimbs and severe deformities of the hindlimbs.

Research progress on the correlation between platelet aggregation and tumor progression.

Platelets are generally considered as the main functional unit of the coagulation system. However, more and more studies have confirmed that platelets also have an important relationship with tumor progression. Tumor cells can utilize platelets to promote their own infiltration and hematogenous metastasis, and platelets are activated and aggregated in this process.

Cellular membrane-targeting ruthenium complexes as efficient photosensitizers for broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.

A ruthenium complex [Ru(phen)(phen-5-amine)-C14] (Ru-C14) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity was designed and synthesized; positively charged Ru-C14 could target bacteria electrostatic interactions and showed high binding effectiveness to cell membranes. In addition, Ru-C14 could act as a photosensitizer. Under 465 nm light irradiation, Ru-C14 could generate O, thus disrupting the bacterial intracellular redox balance and leading to bacterial death.

Spatiotemporal Characterization of Human Early Intervertebral Disc Formation at Single-Cell Resolution.

The intervertebral disc (IVD) acts as a fibrocartilaginous joint to anchor adjacent vertebrae. Although several studies have demonstrated the cellular heterogeneity of adult mature IVDs, a single-cell transcriptomic atlas mapping early IVD formation is still lacking. Here, the authors generate a spatiotemporal and single cell-based transcriptomic atlas of human IVD formation at the embryonic stage and a comparative mouse transcript landscape.