Genetic syndromes associated with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and imaging diagnostic strategies.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are the second most common pancreatic malignancy. While most cases are sporadic, a small proportion is associated with genetic syndromes, such as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN), Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome (VHL), Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). This review aims to use pNENs as a clue to reveal the full spectrum of disease, providing a comprehensive understanding of diagnosis.

BEEx is An Open-Source Tool that Evaluates Batch Effects in Medical Images to Enable Multi-center Studies.

The batch effect is a nonbiological variation that arises from technical differences across different batches of data during the data generation process for acquisition-related reasons, such as collection of images at different sites or using different scanners. This phenomenon can affect the robustness and generalizability of computational pathology- or radiology-based cancer diagnostic models, especially in multi-center studies. To address this issue, we developed an open-source platform, Batch Effect Explorer (BEEx), that is designed to qualitatively and quantitatively determine whether batch effects exist among medical image datasets from different sites.

The complete genomic sequence of Magnaporthe oryzae polymycovirus 1.

A novel double-stranded RNA virus, designated as "Magnaporthe oryzae polymycovirus 1" (MoPmV1), was identified in Magnaporthe oryzae strain TM02. MoPmV1 has four dsRNA fragments, ranging from 1324 to 2401 bp in length. DsRNA1, 2, and 3 of MoPmV1 each possess a single large open reading frame (ORF), whereas dsRNA4 contains two ORFs.

Bioactive constituents of amphibious Rotala rotundifolia at different growth stages and response surface optimization for flavonoid extraction.

Rotala rotundifolia is an amphibious aquatic plant that can live in submerged and emergent forms. It is superior in nitrogen and phosphorus removal and has been used as a traditional medicine in China for over a hundred years. In this study, the bioactive constituents from different tissues of submerged and emergent R.

The cell adhesion molecule CD44 acts as a modulator of 5-HT7 receptor functions.

Background: Homo- and heteromerization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays an important role in the regulation of receptor functions. Recently, we demonstrated an interaction between the serotonin receptor 7 (5-HT7R), a class A GPCR, and the cell adhesion molecule CD44. However, the functional consequences of this interaction on 5-HT7R-mediated signaling remained enigmatic.

Prediction of the early hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection using gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Non-hypervascular hypointense nodules (NHHNs) can transform into hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the long-term follow-up. However, the risk factors for NHHN hypervascular transformation in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected populations are unknown. This study assessed the predictive value of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for HCC development in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Data-driven prediction framework of surrounding rock pressure in a fully mechanized coal face with temporal-spatial correlation.

Surrounding rock pressure prediction for fully mechanized coal face (FMCF) roof management and control is of great significance. The key challenge is to effectively combine various factors to evolve the surrounding rock pressure trend with high temporal-spatial correlation and heterogeneity. The hydraulic support load is an important indicator that reflects the change in the surrounding rock pressure.

Triterpenoid Saponins and Flavonoid Glycosides from the Flower of and Their Cytotoxic and α-Glycosidase Inhibitory Activities.

var. flavida, commonly known as "Jinhua Tea", has its flowers and leaves traditionally utilized as tea and functional food sources. However, there is limited knowledge about its bioactive components and their biological activities.

Research Progress on Antioxidant Peptides from Fish By-Products: Purification, Identification, and Structure-Activity Relationship.

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative stress, which has become an urgent problem requiring effective solutions. Due to the drawbacks of chemically synthesized antioxidants, there is a growing interest in natural antioxidants, particularly antioxidant peptides. : By reviewing recent literature on antioxidant peptides, particularly those extracted from various parts of fish, summarize which fish by-products are more conducive to the extraction of antioxidant peptides and elaborate on their characteristics.

Simultaneous measurements of oil- and water-content in crude oil-polluted sands with NMR-deconvolution analysis.

This study introduces a novel deconvolution method for accurately quantifying oil or water signals in the NMR spectra of oil-water-sand mixtures. The algorithm employs a parametric model fitting approach that incorporates prior conditions to set parameters. To validate the approach, the widely overlapping NMR spectra of the complex, synthetic oil-water-sand mixes were separated, and their water and oil contents were determined.

Unlocking Solutions: Innovative Approaches to Identifying and Mitigating the Environmental Impacts of Undocumented Orphan Wells in the United States.

In the United States, hundreds of thousands of undocumented orphan wells have been abandoned, leaving the burden of managing environmental hazards to governmental agencies or the public. These wells, a result of over a century of fossil fuel extraction without adequate regulation, lack basic information like location and depth, emit greenhouse gases, and leak toxic substances into groundwater. For most of these wells, basic information such as well location and depth is unknown or unverified.

Emerging sensing, imaging, and computational technologies to scale nano-to macroscale rhizosphere dynamics - Review and research perspectives.

The soil region influenced by plant roots, i.e., the rhizosphere, is one of the most complex biological habitats on Earth and significantly impacts global carbon flow and transformation.

Biomembrane-Modified Biomimetic Nanodrug Delivery Systems: Frontier Platforms for Cardiovascular Disease Treatment.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite significant advances in current drug therapies, issues such as poor drug targeting and severe side effects persist. In recent years, nanomedicine has been extensively applied in the research and treatment of CVDs.

Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of focal cortical dysplasia and their association with epilepsy: Experimental models as a research approach.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a structural lesion that is the most common anatomical lesion identified in children, and the second most common in adults with drug-resistant focal-onset epilepsy. These lesions vary in size, location, and histopathological manifestations. FCDs are classified into three subtypes associated with loss-of-function mutations in PI3K/AKT, TSC1/TSC2, RHEB, and DEPDC/NPRL2/NPRL3.

Effect of diacylglycerol on partial coalescence of aerated emulsions: Fat crystal-membrane interaction and air-liquid Interface interaction insights.

Currently, the poor whipping capabilities of anhydrous milk fat (AMF) in aerated emulsion products are a major obstacle for their use in beverages like tea and coffee, as well as in cakes and desserts, presenting fresh hurdles for the food industry. In this study, the mechanism of action of diacylglycerols (DAGs) with different carbon chain lengths and degrees of saturation on the partial coalescence of aerated emulsions was systematically investigated from three fundamental perspectives: fat crystallization, air-liquid interface rheology, and fat globule interface properties. The optimized crystallization of long carbon chain length diacylglycerol (LCD) based on stearate enhances interactions between fat globules at the air-liquid interface (with an elastic modulus E' reaching 246.

Hexavalent chromium damages intestinal cells and coelomocytes and impairs immune function in the echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus by causing oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a common pollutant in the marine environment, which impairs immunity and causes reproductive and heredity disorders in organisms. To clarify the immunotoxic effects of Cr (VI) on the marine worm Urechis unicinctus, we analyzed tissue damage and immune dysfunction caused by Cr (VI) in this organism at histopathologic, zymologic, apoptotic and molecular levels. The results indicated that the bioaccumulation of Cr (VI) bioaccumulation levels in coelomocytes was significantly higher than in the intestines and muscles.

MRI retrospective respiratory gating and cardiac sensing by CW Doppler radar: A feasibility study.

Objective: This study investigates the feasibility of non-contact retrospective respiratory gating and cardiac sensing using continuous wave Doppler radar deployed in an MRI system. The proposed technique can complement existing sensors which are difficult to apply for certain patient populations.

Methods: We leverage a software-defined radio for continuous wave radar at 2.

Quantitative phenotyping of crop roots with spectral electrical impedance tomography: a rhizotron study with optimized measurement design.

Background: Root systems are key contributors to plant health, resilience, and, ultimately, yield of agricultural crops. To optimize plant performance, phenotyping trials are conducted to breed plants with diverse root traits. However, traditional analysis methods are often labour-intensive and invasive to the root system, therefore limiting high-throughput phenotyping.

Relating caregiver experiences to personalized "push" content in mobile applications among caregivers of pediatric patients with oncology conditions.

Objective: With the evolution of data algorithms and personalized push systems in mobile applications, patients who have searched for disease-related information may repeatedly receive similar content on app homepages or through notifications. This study aims to assess the influence of health-related content delivered through mobile applications on the anxiety and depression levels of caregivers of pediatric oncology patients.

Methods: A survey consisting of 16 questions was conducted among 91 caregivers of pediatric oncology patients at the Children's Hospital affiliated with Chongqing Medical University.