Anti-Stemness and Anti-Proliferative Effects of Cadmium on Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.

Cadmium accumulation in the body can damage a variety of organs and impair their development and functions. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cadmium on the stemness and proliferation of normal bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Normal bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with cadmium chloride were assessed for the expression of stemness-related proteins and cell proliferation.

Intra-Mesopore Immunoassay Based on Core-Shell Structured Magnetic Hierarchically Porous ZIFs.

It is crucial yet challenging to sensitively quantify low-abundance biomarkers in blood for early screening and diagnosis of various diseases. Herein, an analytical model of intra-mesopore immunoassay (IMIA) was proposed, which was competent to examine various biomarkers at the femtomolar level. The success is rooted in the design of an innovative superparamagnetic core-shell structure with FeO nanoparticles (NPs) at the core and hierarchically porous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks as a shell (FeO@HPZIF-8), achieved through a soft-template directed self-assembly coupled with confinement growth mechanism.

Evidence summary on management strategies for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients following esophageal cancer surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to summarize evidence-based strategies for the self-management of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (GERS) at home among patients who have undergone esophageal cancer surgery, providing practical references for clinical practice.

Methods: A systematic evidence summary was conducted based on the reporting standards of the Fudan University Center for Evidence-based Nursing. Literature was retrieved from international and Chinese databases, including guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, and original studies.

The tunable electronic band structure of a AlP/CsBiICl van der Waals heterostructure induced by an electric field: a first-principles study.

Constructing van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) has emerged as an attractive strategy to combine and enhance the optoelectronic properties of stacked materials. Herein, by means of first-principles calculations, we investigate the geometric and electronic structures of the AlP/CsBiICl vdWH as well as its tunable band structure an external electric field. The AlP/CsBiICl vdWH is structurally and thermodynamically stable due to the low binding energy and the small energy fluctuation at room temperature.

Bifunctional modified bacterial cellulose-based hydrogel through sequence-dependent crosslinking towards enhanced antibacterial and cutaneous wound healing.

Chronic wounds caused by microbial infection have emerged as a major challenge on patients and medical health system. Bacterial cellulose (BC) characterized by its excellent biocompatibility and porous network, holds promise for addressing complex wound issues. However, lack of inherent antibacterial activity and cross-linking sites in the molecular network of BC have constrained its efficacy in hydrogel design and treatment of bacterial-infected wounds.

Anti-Tumor Effects of Sheep Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Melanoma Cells.

Melanoma is among the most common malignancies and has recently exhibited increased resistance to treatments, resulting in a more aggressive disease course. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete cytokines both in vivo and in vitro, which regulate tumor cell signaling pathways and the tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing tumor progression. This study investigates the anti-melanogenesis effects of sheep umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (SUCMSCs) to assess their potential application in melanoma treatment.

Carboxymethyl-β-1,3-D-glucan (CMG)-gemcitabine conjugate improves the anticancer efficacy and alleviate the toxicity of gemcitabine (GEM).

Gemcitabine (GEM) is an antitumor drug approved by the US FDA in 1996. It is used to treat cancer and solid tumours, but its effectiveness is limited by toxicity. Carboxymethyl-β-1,3-D-glucan (CMG) is a derivative of β-glucan with improved solubility.

Bioinspired conductive oriented nanofiber felt with efficient ROS clearance and anti-inflammation for inducing M2 macrophage polarization and accelerating spinal cord injury repair.

Complete spinal cord injury (SCI) causes permanent locomotor, sensory and neurological dysfunctions. Targeting complex immunopathological microenvironment at SCI sites comprising inflammatory cytokines infiltration, oxidative stress and massive neuronal apoptosis, the conductive oriented nanofiber felt with efficient ROS clearance, anti-inflammatory effect and accelerating neural regeneration is constructed by step-growth addition polymerization and electrostatic spinning technique for SCI repair. The formation of innovative Fe-PDA-PAT chelate in nanofiber felt enhances hydrophilic, antioxidant, antibacterial, hemostatic and binding factor capacities, thereby regulating immune microenvironment of SCI.

Prediction of functional remission in patients with schizophrenia after antipsychotic discontinuation (FURSAD): protocol for a real-world case-control study.

Introduction: Although maintenance treatment is recommended for the prevention of relapse, in real-world settings, a subset of patients discontinue antipsychotics while having a good prognosis. The prediction of functional remission in patients with schizophrenia after antipsychotic discontinuation (FURSAD) study aims to obtain real-world knowledge regarding the characteristics of schizophrenia (SCZ) patients who achieve functional remission after antipsychotic discontinuation for 1 year or more. This study also aims to establish a prediction model to identify patients likely to benefit from antipsychotic discontinuation.

Evaluation of wheat drought resistance using hyperspectral and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging.

Photosynthesis drives crop growth and production, and strongly affects grain yields; therefore, it is an ideal trait for wheat drought resistance breeding. However, studies of the negative effects of drought stress on wheat photosynthesis rates have lacked accurate evaluation methods, as well as high-throughput techniques. We investigated photosynthetic capacity under drought stress in wheat varieties with varying degrees of drought stress resistance using hyperspectral and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) imaging data.

Protective effect of ginseng berry saponin conversion products on skin photodamage caused by UVB in vitro and in vivo.

Ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation is closely related to skin aging and skin damage. Here, we report the photoprotective mechanism of action of ginseng berry rare saponins (GFRS) on UVB-induced damage to human keratinocytes and mouse skin. Several UVB irradiation-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress responses were assessed.

Ursolic Acid Inhibits Glycolysis of Ovarian Cancer via KLF5/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

Glycolysis is one of the key metabolic reprogramming characteristics of ovarian cancer. Ursolic Acid (UA), as a natural compound, exerts a beneficial regulatory effect on tumor metabolism. In this study, we have confirmed through RNA-seq analysis and a series of and functional experiments that UA significantly inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation, promotes tumor apoptosis, and reduces glycolysis levels.

Effects of steaming process on rare saponins and efficacy of , and .

The steamed C. A. Mey.

Astrocytes release ATP/ADP and glutamate in flashes via vesicular exocytosis.

Astrocytes regulate brain functions through gliotransmitters like ATP/ADP and glutamate, but their release patterns and mechanisms remain controversial. Here, we visualized ATP/ADP and glutamate response following astrocyte activation and investigated their mechanisms in vivo. Employing cOpn5-mediated optogenetic stimulation, genetically encoded fluorescent sensors, and two-photon imaging, we observed ATP/ADP released as temporally prolonged and spatially extended flashes that later converted to adenosine.

Multiscale X-ray phase-contrast CT uncovers adaptive changes and compensatory mechanisms of circulatory pathways during acute liver injury.

Intrahepatic circulation is essential for the repair of acute liver injury (ALI); however, very limited information is available concerning changes in the circulatory pathways during ALI. Therefore, multi-scale X-ray phase-contrast CT combined with three-dimensional (3D) visualization is used to quantitatively analyze the intrahepatic circulation pathway (including the hepatic vein, portal vein and hepatic sinusoid) in the mouse model via the intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl) from acute injury to recovery. The results demonstrate that the liver still preserves some vessel-like channels accessed to the central vein when the injury causes the severe collapse of the hepatic sinusoids that cannot be observed in two-dimensional pathologic slices.

The Antioxidant and Anti-Fatigue Effects of Rare Ginsenosides and γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Fermented Ginseng and Germinated Brown Rice Puree.

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and rare ginsenosides are good antioxidant and anti-fatigue active components that can be enriched via probiotic fermentation. In this study, ginseng and germinated brown rice were used as raw materials to produce six fermented purees using fermentation and non-fermentation technology. We tested the chemical composition of the purees and found that the content of GABA and rare ginsenoside (Rh, Rg, and CK) in the puree made of ginseng and germinated brown rice (FGB) increased significantly after fermentation.

Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinases 4/5/6/11 negatively regulate hydrotropism via phosphorylation of MIZU-KUSSEI1.

Hydrotropism facilitates the orientation of plant roots toward regions of elevated water potential, enabling them to absorb adequate water. Although calcium signaling plays a crucial role in plant response to water tracking, the exact regulatory mechanisms remain a mystery. Here, we employed the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) hydrotropism-specific protein MIZU-KUSSEI1 (MIZ1) as bait and found that calcium-dependent protein kinases 4/5/6/11 (CPK4/5/6/11) interacted with MIZ1 in vitro and in vivo.

The HAT1 transcription factor regulates photomorphogenesis and skotomorphogenesis via phytohormone levels.

Plants dynamically modulate their growth and development to acclimate to the fluctuating light environment via a complex phytohormone network. However, the dynamic molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying how plants regulate phytohormones during skotomorphogenesis and photomorphogenesis are largely unknown. Here, we identified a HD-ZIP II transcription factor, HOMEODOMAIN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA1 (HAT1), as a key node that modulates the dose effects of brassinosteroids (BRs) and auxin on hypocotyl growth during skotomorphogenesis and photomorphogenesis.

Ginseng fruit rare saponins (GFRS) improved inflammatory response: In vitro and in vivo assessment.

Inflammation is the body's protective immune response to tissue damage. Ginseng has a long history of medicinal use, and its active ingredient ginsenosides have anti-inflammatory effects. Ginseng fruit rare saponins (GFRS) is a transformation product of ginseng saponins and rich in a variety of rare saponins.

Nutritional literacy of patients who underwent surgery for esophageal cancer based on Nutbeam's health literacy model: a qualitative study.

Purpose: The level of nutritional literacy reflects the self-management ability of individuals for a healthy diet and serves as a foundation for effective nutritional interventions. This qualitative study aimed to gain a comprehensive insight into the nutritional literacy levels of patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery, obtaining information from both patients and medical staff through interviews.

Methods: Based on Nutbeam's health literacy model, 27 participants were selected from December 2023 to February 2024.

Identification of necroptosis genes and characterization of immune infiltration in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: The most common progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by the development of cirrhosis, and requires liver transplantation. We screened for the differentially expressed necroptosis-related genes in NASH in this study, and analyzed immune infiltration through microarray and bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers, and explore the molecular mechanisms involved in NASH.

Methods: The GSE24807 microarray dataset of NASH patients and healthy controls was downloaded, and we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs).