Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Facilitates Susceptibility to Bloodstream Infection.

To study the role of intestinal flora in the development of bloodstream infections (BSIs). 42 patients and 19 healthy controls (HCs) were screened into the study and their intestinal flora was measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bacterial diversity was significantly lower in the BSI group compared with that in the HCs (P < 0.

Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiota, antibiotic resistance, and chemotherapy impact in acute leukemia patients: A comprehensive metagenomic analysis.

Leukemia poses significant challenges to its treatment, and understanding its complex pathogenesis is crucial. This study used metagenomic sequencing to investigate the interplay between chemotherapy, gut microbiota, and antibiotic resistance in patients with acute leukemia (AL). Pre- and post-chemotherapy stool samples from patients revealed alterations in microbial richness, taxa, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

Integrative metagenomic dissection of last-resort antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in hospital wastewaters.

Hospital wastewater is a critical source of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which facilitates the proliferation and spread of clinically significant antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogenic bacteria. This study utilized metagenomic approaches, including advanced binning techniques, such as MetaBAT2, MaxBin2, and CONCOCT, which offer significant improvements in accuracy and completeness over traditional binning methods. These methods were used to comprehensively assess the dynamics and composition of resistomes and mobilomes in untreated wastewater samples taken from two general hospitals and one cancer hospital.

Blue-Light Driven Iron-Catalyzed Oxy-phosphinylation of Activated Alkenes for β-Ketophosphine Oxide Synthesis.

We have developed an original blue-light mediated iron-catalyzed oxy-phosphinylation of activated alkenes by secondary phosphine oxides under air at room temperature. Various β-ketophosphine oxides were then obtained in 43-97 % isolated yields. Control experiments revealed that radical process is involved in the mechanism.

Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile elements in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Guangdong, China.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the high-resolution phenotypic and genotypic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients to explore the resistance genes and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) involved in horizontal dissemination.

Methods: Between May and September 2021, a total of 216 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were recovered from multiple departments.

New insight into the microbiome, resistome, and mobilome on the dental waste water in the context of heavy metal environment.

Object: Hospital sewage have been associated with incorporation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) into microbes, which is considered as a key indicator for the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The compositions of dental waste water (DWW) contain heavy metals, the evolution of AMR and its effects on the water environment in the context of heavy metal environment have not been seriously investigated. Thus, our major aims were to elucidate the evolution of AMR in DWW.

Metagenomic evidence for antibiotics-driven co-evolution of microbial community, resistome and mobilome in hospital sewage.

Overconsumption of antibiotics is an immediate cause for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), though its environmental impact remains inadequately clarified. There is an urgent need to dissect the complex links underpinning the dynamic co-evolution of ARB and their resistome and mobilome in hospital sewage. Metagenomic and bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the microbial community, resistome and mobilome in hospital sewage, in relation to data on clinical antibiotic use collected from a tertiary-care hospital.

Machine Learning Techniques for Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction of from Whole Genome Sequence Data.

Aim: Due to the growing availability of genomic datasets, machine learning models have shown impressive diagnostic potential in identifying emerging and reemerging pathogens. This study aims to use machine learning techniques to develop and compare a model for predicting bacterial resistance to a panel of 12 classes of antibiotics using whole genome sequence (WGS) data of Pseudomonas .

Method: A machine learning technique called Random Forest (RF) and BioWeka was used for classification accuracy assessment and logistic regression (LR) for statistical analysis.

Photodynamic therapy treats acne by altering the composition of the skin microbiota.

Background: Acne is the eighth-most prevalent inflammatory skin disease with no optimal treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for severe acne.

Aims: The effect of PDT on the composition and diversity of skin microflora in severe acne patients was studied.

Coexistence of and (X4) in international high-risk clone ST648 of human origin in China.

The emergence of pathogens is conferring resistance to last-resort therapies such as tigecycline, colistin, and carbapenems, limiting the therapeutic options, and raising concerns about the emergence of new "superbugs." This study reports the first incident of a and (X4) co-harboring with resistance to carbapenem and tigecycline recovered as the causative agent of a urinary tract infection in a 94-year-old patient. The strain ECCL209 carries multiple resistance genes [i.

Genomic diversity of resistant and virulent factors of clinical strains recovered from Guangdong using whole genome sequencing.

Background: () is a highly infectious agent and causes melioidosis, in both humans and animals, which is endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the molecular epidemiology, resistant determinants, and genomic diversity of the clinical isolates of to further elucidate the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship of the strains with those in other endemic regions.

Methods: In this study, we obtained eight clinical isolates from Guangdong province from 2018 to 2019.

Synergistic Activity of Tetrandrine and Colistin against -Harboring .

Before the emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance, colistin was once considered the last drug of choice for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Currently, researchers are relentlessly exploring possible alternative therapies that could efficiently curb the spread of drug resistance. In this study, we aim to investigate the synergistic antibacterial activity of tetrandrine in combination with colistin against -harboring .

Clinical Significance of and Microsatellite Instability in Evaluating Colorectal Cancer Prognosis.

Objective: Both genetic and microbial factors play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The effects of () and microsatellite instability (MSI) on CRC prognosis require more clinical evidence. We aimed to investigate the role of and MSI as biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of CRC.

Exploring antibiotic resistance genes, mobile gene elements, and virulence gene factors in an urban freshwater samples using metagenomic analysis.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antimicrobial resistance elements (AMR) are novel environmental contaminants that pose a significant risk to human health globally. Freshwater contains a variety of microorganisms that might affect human health; its quality must be assessed before use. However, the dynamics of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and ARG propagation in freshwater have rarely been studied in Singapore.

Incidence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan.

Objectives: To investigate the occurrence and molecular features of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan.

Methods: A total of 153 E. coli isolates were recovered from 250 faecal samples collected from livestock and poultry.

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies of patients in the local affected area during Wuhan lockdown.

Background: Serosurveillance is crucial in estimating the range of SARS-CoV-2 infections, predicting the possibility of another wave, and deciding on a vaccination strategy. To understand the herd immunity after the COVID-19 pandemic, the seroprevalence was measured in 3062 individuals with or without COVID-19 from the clinic.

Methods: The levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgM and IgG were measured by the immuno-colloidal gold method.

The Role of Fecal and as Early Diagnostic Markers of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Accurate analysis of intestinal microbiota will facilitate establishment of an evaluating system for assessing colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and prognosis. This study evaluates the potential role of () and with a gene () in early CRC diagnosis.

Methods: We recruited 139 patients, including CRC ( = 60), colorectal adenomatous polyposis (CAP) ( = 37), and healthy individuals ( = 42) based on their colonoscopy examinations.

Microbiomes and Resistomes in Biopsy Tissue and Intestinal Lavage Fluid of Colorectal Cancer.

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis, but compositions of microorganisms have been inconsistent in previous studies due to the different types of specimens. We investigated the microbiomes and resistomes of CRC patients with colonic biopsy tissue and intestinal lavage fluid (IVF). Paired samples (biopsy tissue and IVF) were collected from 20 patients with CRC, and their gut microbiomes and resistomes were measured by shotgun metagenomics.

Antimicrobial resistance bacteria and genes detected in hospital sewage provide valuable information in predicting clinical antimicrobial resistance.

Extensive use of antibiotics is significantly associated with development of antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacteria. However, their causal relationships have not been adequately investigated, especially in human population and hospitals. Our aims were to understand clinical AR through revealing co-occurrence patterns between antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes (ARB and ARGs), and their association with antibiotic use, and to consider impact of ARB and ARGs on environmental and human health.

Aberrant cytokine expression in COVID-19 patients: Associations between cytokines and disease severity.

Cytokines play pleiotropic, antagonistic, and collaborative in viral disease. The high morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) make it a significant threat to global public health. Elucidating its pathogenesis is essential to finding effective therapy.

A Meta-Analysis of Proteomic Blood Markers of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Early diagnosis will significantly improve the survival rate of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the existing methods for CRC screening were either invasive or inefficient. There is an emergency need for novel markers in CRC's early diagnosis. Serum proteomics has gained great potential in discovering novel markers, providing markers that reflect the early stage of cancer and prognosis prediction of CRC.

Microbiome in Intestinal Lavage Fluid May Be A Better Indicator in Evaluating The Risk of Developing Colorectal Cancer Compared with Fecal Samples.

Objective: Intestinal microbiota plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC), which is crucial for assessing the risk and prognosis of CRC. Most studies regarding human gut microbiota mainly based on the feces, but the exact composition of microbiota vary significantly due to fecal composition is easily affected by many factors. We aim to evaluate whether intestinal lavage fluid (IVF) is a better substitution mirroring the gut microbiota.

Gene Expression Analysis of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Colorectal Carcinoma.

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens had been found in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue, but little evidence demonstrates the association of HPV with oncogene mutations in CRC. We aim to elucidate the mutated genes that link HPV infection and CRC carcinogenesis.

Methods: Cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues were obtained from CRC patients.

Synthesis of Seven-Membered Azepino[3,2,1-]indoles via Rhodium-Catalyzed Regioselective C-H Activation/1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene-Catalyzed Intramolecular Amidation of 7-Phenylindoles in One Pot.

An unprecedented rhodium-catalyzed regioselective C-H activation/1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene-catalyzed intramolecular amidation of 7-arylindoles with diazomalonates is described that provides a straightforward route to seven-membered azepino[3,2,1-]indoles in good to excellent yields in one pot.

Hypoxia-Activated and Indomethacin-Mediated Theranostic Prodrug Releasing Drug On-Demand for Tumor Imaging and Therapy.

A smart theranostic prodrug IMC-FDU-TZBC-NO, releasing active drug on-demand based on hypoxia-activated and indomethacin-mediated, for solid tumor imaging and efficient therapy was designed. This prodrug was constructed by conjugating chemotherapy drug 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine (FDU), targeting moiety indomethacin (IMC), and the hypoxic trigger 4-nitrobenzyl group to a fluorescent dye precursor, which was mediated by IMC and activated by NTR under hypoxic conditions. The fluorescent dye IMC-TZBCM was generated and FDU was released at the same time in tumor cells.