Total Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tectoridin and Related Isoflavone Glucosides.

The first total syntheses of four isoflavone glucosides, tectoridin (), tectoridin A (), tectorigenin 7--β-d-glucopyranosyl-12--β-d-glucopyranoside (), and isotectroigenin 7--β-d-glucopyranoside (), have been accomplished. Key steps in our synthetic approach include a regioselective halogenation reaction, followed by methanolysis to introduce the -OCH group into isoflavone frameworks and a PTC-promoted stereoselective glycosidation to establish glycosidic bonds. The synthesized isoflavone glucosides (-) and their corresponding aglycones ( and ) were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.

Targeting ATAD3A Phosphorylation Mediated by TBK1 Ameliorates Senescence-Associated Pathologies.

Targeting cellular senescence, one of the hallmarks of aging and aging-related pathologies emerges as an effective strategy for anti-aging and cancer chemotherapy. Here, a switch from TBK1-OPTN axis to TBK1-ATAD3A axis to promote cellular senescence is shown. Mechanically, TBK1 protein is abnormally activated and localized to the mitochondria during senescence, which directly phosphorylates ATAD3A at Ser321.

Selenomethionine alleviates kidney necroptosis and inflammation by restoring lipopolysaccharide-mediated mitochondrial dynamics imbalance via the TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 signaling pathway in laying hens.

Selenomethionine (SeMet) is a beneficial organic source of selenium that is extensively used as a food additive owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to the sensitivity of the kidneys to noxious stimuli, they are more susceptible to various injuries. To investigate the protective mechanisms of SeMet supplementation against kidney injury, we established an in vivo experimental model using laying hens treated with SeMet (0.

Selenoprotein o as a regulator of macrophage metabolism in selenium deficiency-induced lung inflammation.

Selenium (Se) deficiency induces an inflammatory response in the lungs, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Selenoprotein O (SelO) is the largest selenoprotein in terms of molecular weight, yet its potential biological functions have yet to be characterized. Our study revealed that Se deficiency leads to an imbalance in the expression of pro-inflammatory "M1" macrophages and anti-inflammatory "M2" macrophages in alveolar macrophages (AMs) and interstitial macrophages (IMs) and contributed to the development of lung inflammation.

HPV-ferroptosis related genes as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of cervical cancer.

Background: Ferroptosis can be used as a powerful predictor of cancer prognosis. HPV persistent infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, so it is very important to improve the prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the value of HPV-ferroptosis related genes as prognostic biomarkers of cervical cancer patients.

Total Syntheses and Anti-Inflammatory Studies of Three Natural Coumarins: Glycycoumarin, Glycyrin, and 3--Methylglycyrol.

Licorice ( Fisch), a significant traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been extensively utilized in China to treat various ailments. Natural bioactive coumarins, glycycoumarin, glycyrin, and 3--methylglycyrol, were isolated from licorice, and they exhibited various pharmacological properties. In this report, we have accomplished the total synthesis of glycycoumarin, glycyrin, and 3--methylglycyrol in 5-7 linear steps from commercially available 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde with yields of 12.

Development of amphipathic derivatives of thymol and carvacrol as potent broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.

In the current study, to discover novel antibacterial agents, we designed and synthesized 72 carvacrol and thymol derivatives by biomimicking the structure and function of cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Many of the derivatives showed good antibacterial activity, and compound thy2I exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.5 μg/mL to 8 μg/mL.

A Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Study on the Biosynthesis of Iridoids in from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that grows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region at a 3100-5000 m altitude. Iridoid compounds are the main active compounds of the used as medical ingredients and display anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hepatoprotective properties. To better understand the biological mechanisms of iridoid compounds in this species, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of leaves from four different regions (3540-4270 m).

Total Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Lupinifolin and Its Natural Analogues.

In this study, lupinifolin () and its natural analogues, mundulin (), minimiorin (), khonklonginol H (), flemichin D (), and eriosemaone A (), were obtained by chemical synthesis for the first time. Key steps involved an electrocyclization to build the linear pyran rings and a Claisen/Cope rearrangement to install the 8-prenyl substituents. All compounds were assessed for their antimicrobial activities against clinically relevant human pathogens, including one Gram-negative bacterial strain ( ATCC 25922) and four Gram-positive bacterial strains ( ATCC 29213, ATCC 29212, MRSA21-5, and VRE ATCC 51299).

Dietary selenomethionine reduced oxidative stress by resisting METTL3-mediated mA methylation level of Nrf2 to ameliorate LPS-induced liver necroptosis in laying hens.

Selenomethionine (SeMet) as the main form of daily dietary selenium, occupies essential roles in providing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which alleviates inflammatory liver damage. N6-methyladenosine (mA) is one of the most prevalent and abundant internal transcriptional modifications that regulate gene expression. To investigate the protective mechanism of SeMet on liver injury and the regulatory effect of mA methylation modification, we established the model by supplementing dietary SeMet, and LPS as stimulus in laying hens.

Selenium deficiency exacerbated Bisphenol A-induced intestinal toxicity in chickens: Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest mediated by ROS/P53.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a phenolic organic synthetic compound that is used as the raw material of polycarbonate plastics, and its safety issues have recently attracted wide attention. Selenium (Se) deficiency has gradually developed into a global disease affecting intestinal function via oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of BPA exposure and Se deficiency in the chicken intestines have not been studied.

Total Synthesis of Kuwanons A and B and Discovery of Their Antibacterial Mechanism.

Kuwanons A () and B () are two natural prenylated flavones isolated from the root bark of L. In this study, the first total syntheses of kuwanons A () and B () were achieved from a common intermediate with overall yields of 6.6% and 11.

PRMT1 reverts the immune escape of necroptotic colon cancer through RIP3 methylation.

Necroptosis plays a double-edged sword role in necroptotic cancer cell death and tumor immune escape. How cancer orchestrates necroptosis with immune escape and tumor progression remains largely unclear. We found that RIP3, the central activator of necroptosis, was methylated by PRMT1 methyltransferase at the amino acid of RIP3 R486 in human and the conserved amino acid R479 in mouse.

Mapping of the AgWp1 gene for the white petiole in celery (Apium graveolens L.).

Celery (Apium graveolens L.) is one of the most popular leafy vegetables worldwide. The main edible parts of celery are the leaf blade and especially the petiole, which typically has a white, green and red color.

Selenium deficiency increased duodenal permeability and decreased expression of antimicrobial peptides by activating ROS/NF-κB signal pathway in chickens.

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for the body. Various organs of the body, including the intestine, are affected by its deficiency. Se deficiency can induce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the intestine.

Selenium Deficiency Induces Inflammatory Response and Decreased Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Chicken Jejunum Through Oxidative Stress.

Selenium deficiency can affect the level of selenoprotein in organs and tissues and cause inflammation. However, the mechanism of selenium deficiency on jejunal injury in chickens remains unclear. In this study, we established a selenium deficiency model in chickens by feeding a low selenium diet and observed ultrastructural and pathological changes in the jejunum.

Polystyrene nanoplastics exacerbated lipopolysaccharide-induced necroptosis and inflammation via the ROS/MAPK pathway in mice spleen.

Plastics are novel environmental pollutants with potential threats to the ecosystem. At least 5.25 trillion plastic particles in the environment, of which nanoplastics are <100 nm in diameter.

Polystyrene nanoplastics deteriorate LPS-modulated duodenal permeability and inflammation in mice via ROS drived-NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

The widespread occurrence of nanoplastics (NPs), has markedly affected the ecosystem and has become a global threat to animals and human health. There is growing evidence showing that polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) exposure induced enteritis and the intestinal barrier disorder. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can trigger the inflammation burden of various tissues.

Discovery of a Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor Disrupting TRBP-Dicer Interaction against Hepatocellular Carcinoma via the Modulation of microRNA Biogenesis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. Therefore, small molecules targeting components of miRNA biogenesis may provide new therapeutic means for HCC treatment. By a high-throughput screening and structural simplification, we identified a small molecule, CIB-3b, which suppresses the growth and metastasis of HCC and by modulating expression profiles of miRNAome and proteome in HCC cells.

First total syntheses of kanjone and its natural analogues.

Kanjone (), a bioactive furanoflavone and a potent biomolecule, was first isolated from (L.). Herein, we have developed two approaches to synthesize kanjone as well as its natural analogues 6-methoxyisopongaglabol () and 6,3'-dimethoxy-[2″,3″:7,8]furanoflavone () starting from khellin and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde, respectively.

Total Syntheses and Anti-inflammatory Evaluations of Pongamosides A-C, Natural Furanoflavonoid Glucosides from Fruit of (L.) Pierre.

The syntheses of three natural furanoflavonoid glucosides, including two flavone glucosides, pongamosides A () and B (), and a flavonol glucoside, pongamoside C (), were achieved for the first time in 9-15 steps from commercially available materials in overall yields ranging from 2.9% to 29%. The synthetic sequence featured a NaH-promoted BK-VK rearrangement and acid-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization to furnish the furanoflavonoid aglycone.