The Effects of Single-Bout Exercise Interventions with Different Exercise Modalities on Executive Function in Youths.

Background: This study aimed to investigate how single-bout open-skill exercise (OSE), closed-skill exercise (CSE), and mixed-skill exercise intervention (MSE) influence executive function.

Method: A total of 120 students aged between 18 and 25 were separated into three groups: closed-skill exercise, open-skill exercise, and mixed-skill exercise. A task-switching test was performed before and after a single bout of exercise intervention.

Upconversion nanoparticle-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensing of programmed death ligand 1 using sandwich epitope-imprinted polymers.

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been shown to suppress the anti-tumor immune response of some lung cancer patients, and thus PD-L1 expression may be a valuable predictor of the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal therapy in such patients. In this work, a sandwich approach to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was used with green-emitting Yb/Ho-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and a rhodamine-conjugated conductive polymer as donor and acceptor, respectively. Yb/Ho-doped UCNPs were synthesized and then coated with poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol), pEVAL, imprinted with PD-L1 peptide.

Photoelectrochemical biosensor based on SiW@CdS quantum dots for the highly sensitive detection of HPV 16 DNA.

A highly sensitive biosensor for detecting HPV 16 DNA was prepared based on Keggin-type polyoxometalate (SiW)-grafted CdS quantum dots (SiW@CdS QDs) and colloidal gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), which exhibited remarkable selectivity and sensitivity upon target DNA detection because of its excellent photoelectrochemical (PEC) response. Here, an enhanced photoelectronic response ability was achieved with the strong association of SiW@CdS QDs by polyoxometalate modification, which was developed through a convenient hydrothermal process. Furthermore, on Au NP-modified indium tin oxide slides, a multiple-site tripodal DNA walker sensing platform coupled with T7 exonuclease was successfully fabricated with SiW@CdS QDs/NP DNA as a probe for detecting HPV 16 DNA.

Investigation of Asian Dyes and Pigments from the Artifact of "Murongzhi" and the Silk Road in China.

In this paper, a series of modern analysis methods, including Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectrophotometry, and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with a thermoelectric LTQ-Orbitrap XL ETD mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS/MS), were applied to analyze and accurately identify the chemical composition of plant dyes and the mineral pigment from the samples collected from grave goods. As a result, the textiles were dyed by the madder, Kermes, , indigo, L., and so forth.

The Effects of High-Intensity Power Training versus Traditional Resistance Training on Exercise Performance.

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) features short, repeated bursts of relatively vigorous exercise with intermittent periods of rest or low-intensity exercise. High-intensity power training (HIPT), in combination with HIIT and traditional resistance training (TRT), is characterized as multijoint high-intensity resistance exercises with low interset rest periods. HIPT requires people to finish the exercise as fast as possible, which increases acute physiological demands.

Embedded Upconversion Nanoparticles in Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Photodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

In this work, high-temperature pyrolysis was used to prepare both the core and shell of lantha-nide-doped UCNPs with lithium yttrium tetrafluoride (LiYF) to enhance the green luminescence. Merocyanine 540 (MC540)-grafted magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in the PD-L1 pep-tide-imprinted poly(ethylene--vinyl alcohol) particles, which were formed by precipitation in a non-solvent. UCNPs in the non-solvent bath were thus entrapped in the imprinted particles to generate composite nanoparticles for the targeting and photodynamic therapy of PD-L1 in tumor cells.

Heterogeneously Integrated Graphene/Silicon/Halide Waveguide Photodetectors toward Chip-Scale Zero-Bias Long-Wave Infrared Spectroscopic Sensing.

Mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy plays an important role in molecule identification and quantification for widespread applications. Integrated photonics provides opportunities to perform spectroscopic sensing on-chip for the minimization of device size, cost, and power consumption. The integration of waveguides and photodetectors is an indispensable step toward the realization of these on-chip sensing systems.

Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia hydromorphone combined with pregabalin for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a multicenter, randomized controlled study.

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster. The treatment of PHN remains a challenge for clinical pain management. Despite the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and lidocaine patches in reducing PHN, many patients still face intractable pain disorders.

Vernier effect-based tunable mid-infrared sensor using silicon-on-insulator cascaded rings.

Vernier effect has been captivated as a promising approach to achieve high-performance photonic sensors. However, experimental demonstration of such sensors in mid-infrared (MIR) range, which covers abundant absorption fingerprints of molecules, is still lacking. Here, we report Vernier effect-based thermally tunable photonic sensors using cascaded ring resonators fabricated on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform.

The impact of diabetes mellitus medication on the incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between diabetic mellitus (DM) treatment and the incidence rate of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE).

Design: This study used a matched cohort design. We utilized the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database to identify outpatients and inpatients who were diagnosed with DM and treated with medication from 2000 to 2010.

Ultrasensitive Transmissive Infrared Spectroscopy via Loss Engineering of Metallic Nanoantennas for Compact Devices.

Miniaturized infrared spectroscopy is highly desired for widespread applications, including environment monitoring, chemical analysis, and biosensing. Nanoantennas, as a promising approach, feature strong field enhancement and provide opportunities for ultrasensitive molecule detection even in the nanoscale range. However, current efforts for higher sensitivities by nanogaps usually suffer a trade-off between the performance and fabrication cost.

Thermal annealing study of the mid-infrared aluminum nitride on insulator (AlNOI) photonics platform.

Aluminum nitride on insulator (AlNOI) photonics platform has great potential for mid-infrared applications thanks to the large transparency window, piezoelectric property, and second-order nonlinearity of AlN. However, the deployment of AlNOI platform might be hindered by the high propagation loss. We perform thermal annealing study and demonstrate significant loss improvement in the mid-infrared AlNOI photonics platform.

Diagnosing ovarian cancer by identifying SCC-antigen on a multiwalled carbon nanotube-modified dielectrode sensor.

Ovarian cancer starts in the ovaries in its earlier stages and then spreads to the pelvis, uterus, and abdominal region. The success of an ovarian cancer treatment depends on the stage of the cancer and the diagnostic system. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) is one of the most efficient cancer biomarkers, and elevated levels of SCC-Ag in ovarian cancer cells have been used to identify ovarian cancer.

Coexistence of air and dielectric modes in single nanocavity.

A deterministic design method and experimental demonstration of single photonic crystal nanocavity supporting both air and dielectric modes in the mid-infrared wavelength region are reported here. The coexistence of both modes is realized by a proper design of photonic dispersion to confine air and dielectric bands simultaneously. By adding central mirrors to make the resonance modes be confined at the bandgap edges, high experimental Q-factors of 2.

Aluminum nitride on insulator (AlNOI) platform for mid-infrared photonics.

We report an aluminum nitride on insulator platform for mid-infrared (MIR) photonics applications beyond 3 μm. Propagation loss and bending loss are studied, while functional devices such as directional couplers, multimode interferometers, and add/drop filters are demonstrated with high performance. The complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible aluminum nitride offers advantages ranging from a large transparency window, high thermal and chemical resistance, to piezoelectric tunability and three-dimensional integration capability.

Waveguide-Integrated Black Phosphorus Photodetector for Mid-Infrared Applications.

Midinfrared (MIR), which covers numerous molecular vibrational fingerprints, has attracted enormous research interest due to its promising potential for label-free and damage-free sensing. Despite intense development efforts, the realization of waveguide-integrated on-chip sensing system has seen very limited success to date. The huge lattice mismatch between silicon and the commonly used detection materials such as HgCdTe, III-V, or II-VI compounds has been the key bottleneck that hinders their integration.

Wavelength-Flattened Directional Coupler Based Mid-Infrared Chemical Sensor Using Bragg Wavelength in Subwavelength Grating Structure.

In this paper, we report a compact wavelength-flattened directional coupler (WFDC) based chemical sensor featuring an incorporated subwavelength grating (SWG) structure for the mid-infrared (MIR). By incorporating a SWG structure into directional coupler (DC), the dispersion in DC can be engineered to allow broadband operation which is advantageous to extract spectroscopic information for MIR sensing analysis. Meanwhile, the Bragg reflection introduced by the SWG structure produces a sharp trough at the Bragg wavelength.

Deterministic aperiodic photonic crystal nanobeam supporting adjustable multiple mode-matched resonances.

We investigate nanocavities in deterministic aperiodic photonic crystal (PhC) nanobeams. We reveal that even a single nanocavity can support multiple mode-matched resonances, which show an almost perfect field overlap in the cavity region. The unique property is enabled by the existence of adjustable multiple bandgaps in deterministic aperiodic PhC nanobeams.

All-Dielectric Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption-Based Gas Sensor Using Guided Resonance.

The surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) technique has been focusing on the metallic resonator structures for decades, exploring different approaches to enhance sensitivity. Although the high enhancement is achieved, the dissipative loss and strong heating are the intrinsic drawbacks of metals. Recently, the dielectric platform has emerged as a promising alternative.

Potential deficit from decreased cerebellar granule cell migration in serine racemase-deficient mice is reversed by increased expression of GluN2B and elevated levels of NMDAR agonists.

Inward migration of cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) after birth is critical for lamination in the cerebellar cortex. N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptor (NMDAR) tethering CGCs into Bergmann glial fibers mediates the inward movement during the glial-dependent migratory phase. Activation of NMDAR depends on simultaneous binding of the GluN2 subunit by glutamate, and of the GluN1 subunit by d-serine or glycine; d-serine is believed to be an endogenous ligand of NMDAR.

Inhibition of store-operated calcium entry by sub-lethal levels of proteasome inhibition is associated with STIM1/STIM2 degradation.

Dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and calcium homeostasis has been implicated in the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The cytosolic calcium concentration is maintained by store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), which is repressed by Alzheimer's disease-associated mutants, such as mutant presenilins. We hypothesized that inhibition of UPS impacts SOCE.

Reduced serine racemase expression in aging rat cerebellum is associated with oxidative DNA stress and hypermethylation in the promoter.

Regulation of serine racemase (SR) occurs at transcriptional and translational levels; post-translational modification, cytosolic distribution as well as allosteric effect regulate SR activity. In this study, we report a new route of SR regulation, i.e.

Loss-of-function mutation of serine racemase attenuates excitotoxicity by intravitreal injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate.

Convincing data demonstrate that D-serine, a racemized product of serine racemase (SR), contributes to neurotoxicity. Furthermore, a line of evidence suggests that SR/D-serine contributes to retinal neurodegeneration in a diabetic retinopathy rat model and diabetic retinopathy patients. However, the connection between SR/D-serine and retinal neurodegeneration remains unclear.

Fabrication, stability and efficacy of dual-component antimicrobial nanoemulsions: essential oil (thyme oil) and cationic surfactant (lauric arginate).

The influence of a cationic surfactant (lauric arginate, LAE) on the physical properties and antimicrobial efficacy of thyme oil nanoemulsions was investigated. Nanoemulsions prepared from pure thyme oil were highly unstable due to Ostwald ripening, but they could be stabilized by adding a ripening inhibitor (corn oil) to the oil phase prior to homogenisation. The loading capacity and antimicrobial efficacy of thyme oil nanoemulsions were significantly increased by adding LAE.

Interaction of cationic antimicrobial (ɛ-polylysine) with food-grade biopolymers: Dextran, chitosan, carrageenan, alginate, and pectin.

The cationic biopolymer ε-polylysine (ε-PL) is a food-grade antimicrobial that is highly effective against food pathogens and spoilage organisms. In compositionally complex environments, the antimicrobial activity of cationic ε-PL is likely to be impacted by its interactions with other charged species. The purpose of this study was to characterize the interactions of cationic ε-PL with various food grade biopolymers with different charge characteristics: anionic (carrageenan, alginate, pectin), neutral (dextran), and cationic (chitosan).