The impact of side and top arm techniques during the backstroke breakout phase on 15-meter swimming performance.

Background: Research on the swimming starts and turns in professional swimming has become increasingly refined. The breakout phase is a crucial transition from point between underwater and above-water movements. The side arm technique is commonly used during the backstroke breakout phase.

Methane oxidation driven by multiple electron acceptors in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China.

Water level fluctuations in China's Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area are typical of many reservoirs and significantly impact water level fluctuation zones (WLFZ), including upstream rivers. Understanding methane oxidation in the TGR-WLFZ is crucial for evaluating the impact of large-scale reservoir construction on global climate change. In this study, we investigated methane oxidation rates in the TGR-WLFZ, focusing on periods of drying and flooding.

The influence of competitive anxiety of Chinese elite swimmers.

Background: Competitive anxiety is a common stress response in competitive environments, influencing sports performance, particularly among elite swimmers.

Purpose: This study aims to examine how the characteristics of competitive anxiety impact sports performance across different phases of competitive preparation, alongside its correlation with trait anxiety.

Methods: A longitudinal research design, integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches, was employed with 20 swimmers from the Chinese national swimming team participating in both the 2023 Fukuoka World Championships and the Hangzhou Asian Games.

DTG + 3TC dual therapy for the treatment Naïve patients with viral load exceeding 500,000 copies/mL: a retrospective study.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV management, with various regimens available. Dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) dual therapy is now the one of the first line regimens.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study included treatment naïve people living with HIV (PLWH) with baseline HIV RNA viral load (VL) greater than 500,000 copies/mL from March 2020 to June 2022.

Efficacy of dolutegravir + lamivudine q.d. with food in people with TB/HIV using a rifampicin-based regimen: A retrospective observational case series.

Objectives: Dolutegravir + lamivudine (DTG + 3TC) is a first-line regimen for people with HIV. However, there are still concerns about its efficacy in people with tuberculosis (TB)/HIV due to the lack of available evidence and drug-drug interaction with rifampicin.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective observational case series was conducted in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.

Initial evidence on the effect of copper on global cropland nitrogen cycling: A meta-analysis.

Copper (Cu) is a key cofactor in ammonia monooxygenase functioning responsible for the first step of nitrification, but its excess availability impairs soil microbial functions and plant growth. Yet, the impact of Cu on nitrogen (N) cycling and process-related variables in cropland soils remains unexplored globally. Through a meta-analysis of 1209-paired and 319-single observations from 94 publications, we found that Cu (Cu addition or Cu-polluted soil) reduced soil potential nitrification by 33.

Aridity creates global thresholds in soil nitrogen retention and availability.

Identifying tipping points in the relationship between aridity and gross nitrogen (N) cycling rates could show critical vulnerabilities of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. Yet, the global pattern of gross N cycling response to aridity across terrestrial ecosystems remains unknown. Here, we collected 14,144 observations from 451 N-labeled studies and used segmented regression to identify the global threshold responses of soil gross N cycling rates and soil process-related variables to aridity index (AI), which decreases as aridity increases.

Efficacy and safety of aquatic exercise in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To examine the efficacy and safety of aquatic exercise for people with knee osteoarthritis.

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CENTRAL, CNKI and WanFang databases were searched from 1966 to September 2022.

Review Methods: Randomized controlled trials evaluating aquatic exercise for people with knee osteoarthritis compared with no exercise and land-based exercise were included.

Federated learning for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Federated learning (FL) is a method used for training artificial intelligence models with data from multiple sources while maintaining data anonymity, thus removing many barriers to data sharing. Here we used data from 20 institutes across the globe to train a FL model, called EXAM (electronic medical record (EMR) chest X-ray AI model), that predicts the future oxygen requirements of symptomatic patients with COVID-19 using inputs of vital signs, laboratory data and chest X-rays. EXAM achieved an average area under the curve (AUC) >0.

Federated Learning used for predicting outcomes in SARS-COV-2 patients.

'Federated Learning' (FL) is a method to train Artificial Intelligence (AI) models with data from multiple sources while maintaining anonymity of the data thus removing many barriers to data sharing. During the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, 20 institutes collaborated on a healthcare FL study to predict future oxygen requirements of infected patients using inputs of vital signs, laboratory data, and chest x-rays, constituting the "EXAM" (EMR CXR AI Model) model. EXAM achieved an average Area Under the Curve (AUC) of over 0.

A New Surgical Technique of Combination Retroperitoneal with Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy in a Single Position and Comparative Outcomes.

Background: The traditional surgical treatment for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is time-consuming owing to changing the surgical position and larger surgical trauma because of open surgery in handling the distal ureter. Therefore, we created a new surgical technique of combination retroperitoneal with transperitoneal (CRT) laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LNU) in a single position and here report our early outcomes.

Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 106 patients underwent LNU by a single surgeon at our department, of whom 50 patients underwent standard technique and 56 patients underwent CRT technique.

The effects of specific drills on the flip turns of freestyle swimmers based on a kinesiology analysis.

This research aimed to define the key factors in freestyle flip turns via a kinesiology analysis to diagnose swimmers. Hence, specially designed drills were created to improve swimmers' flip-turn skills and assess the effects of training. Nine Chinese national modern pentathlon athletes ranging in age from 20 to 26 years with an average of 10 years of training experience were tested and trained in this study.