Hidden features: CD36/SR-B2, a master regulator of macrophage phenotype/function through metabolism.

Once thought to be in a terminally differentiated state, macrophages are now understood to be highly pliable, attuned and receptive to environmental cues that control and align responses. In development of purpose, the centrality of metabolic pathways has emerged. Thus, macrophage inflammatory or reparative phenotypes are tightly linked to catabolic and anabolic metabolism, with further fine tuning of specific gene expression patterns in specific settings.

Association of novel DNAH11 variants with asthenoteratozoospermia lead to male infertility.

Background: Bi-allelic variants in DNAH11 have been identified as causative factors in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, leading to abnormal respiratory cilia. Nonetheless, the specific impact of these variants on human sperm flagellar and their involvement in male infertility remain largely unknown.

Methods: A collaborative effort involving two Chinese reproductive centers conducted a study with 975 unrelated infertile men.

Mitochondrial biogenesis disorder and oxidative damage promote refractory apical periodontitis in rat and human.

Aim: To elucidate whether mitochondrial biogenesis disorder and damage from oxidative stress promote refractory apical periodontitis (RAP) in rat and human.

Methodology: Twenty Enterococcus faecalis-induced RAPs were established in the maxillary first molars of male Wistar rats. Concurrently, 12 periapical lesion specimens from patients presenting with RAP were obtained by apicoectomy.

The Influence of Erbium Laser Pretreatment on Dentin Shear Bond Strength and Bond Failure Modes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To systematically review in-vitro studies that evaluated the influence of erbium laser pretreatment on dentin shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure modes.

Materials And Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched. Only in-vitro studies involving erbium laser irradiation of the dentin surface and SBS testing of the bonded resin block were included.

Examining the association of hysterectomy with and without oophorectomy on cardiovascular disease and all-cause, cardiovascular or cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The associations between hysterectomy and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality remains unlcear and a meta-analysis with cohort studies is lacking.

Objectives: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies to investigate the relationship between hysterectomy and CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure, and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. We further explored the effect of oophorectomy on the association between hysterectomy and these health outcomes.

The role of oxidative stress biomarkers in the development of peri-implant disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To analyze the role of oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers in peri‑implant diseases using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. DATE: The review incorporated cross-sectional studies, randomized controlled trials, and case-control trials to evaluate the differences in OS biomarkers of peri‑implant disease.

Sources: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI, and no restrictions were applied during the search process.

Atlas and source of the microplastics of male reproductive system in human and mice.

Regarding the impact of microplastics (MPs) on the male reproductive system, previous studies have identified a variety of MPs in both human semen and testicular samples. These studies have put forward the hypothesis that small particles can enter the semen through the epididymis and seminal vesicles. Here, we performed qualitative and quantitative analyses of MPs in human testis, semen, and epididymis samples, as well as in testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostate samples from mice via pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS).

Biodegradable Zn-5Dy Alloy with Enhanced Osteo/Angio-Genic Activity and Osteointegration Effect via Regulation of SIRT4-Dependent Mitochondrial Function.

Zinc (Zn)-dysprosium (Dy) binary alloys are promising biodegradable bone fracture fixation implants owing to their attractive biodegradability and mechanical properties. However, their clinical application is a challenge for bone fracture healing, due to the lack of Zn-Dy alloys with tailored proper bio-mechanical and osteointegration properties for bone regeneration. A Zn-5Dy alloy with high strength and ductility and a degradation rate aligned with the bone remodeling cycle is developed.

The effect of periapical bone defects on stress distribution in teeth with periapical periodontitis: a finite element analysis.

Background: Apical periodontitis directly affects the stress state of the affected tooth owing to the destruction of the periapical bone. Understanding the mechanical of periapical bone defects/tooth is clinically meaningful. In this study, we evaluate the effect of periapical bone defects on the stress distribution in teeth with periapical periodontitis using finite element analysis.

The effect of root canal treatment and post-crown restorations on stress distribution in teeth with periapical periodontitis: a finite element analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of root canal treatment (RCT) and post-crown restoration on stress distribution in teeth with periapical bone defects using finite element analysis.

Methodology: Finite element models of mandibular second premolars and those with periapical bone defects (spherical defects with diameters of 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm) were created using digital model design software. The corresponding RCT and post-crown restoration models were constructed based on the different sizes of periapical bone defect models.

A second-generation M1-polarized CAR macrophage with antitumor efficacy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have successfully treated hematological malignancies. Macrophages have also gained attention as an immunotherapy owing to their immunomodulatory capacity and ability to infiltrate solid tumors and phagocytize tumor cells. The first-generation CD3ζ-based CAR-macrophages could phagocytose tumor cells in an antigen-dependent manner.

Decoding flat bands from compact localized states.

The flat band system is an ideal quantum platform to investigate the kaleidoscope created by the electron-electron correlation effects. The central ingredient of realizing a flat band is to find its compact localized states. In this work, we develop a systematic way to generate compact localized states by designing destructive interference patterns from 1-dimensional chains.

A parabrachial to hypothalamic pathway mediates defensive behavior.

Defensive behaviors are critical for animal's survival. Both the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) have been shown to be involved in defensive behaviors. However, whether there are direct connections between them to mediate defensive behaviors remains unclear.

Evaluation of Hemodynamics Before and After Revascularization in Hemorrhagic Moyamoya Disease: A Computed Tomography Perfusion Imaging Case Study.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTP) for evaluating hemodynamics in hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD).

Methods: The retrospective analysis included 25 patients with hemorrhagic MMD who underwent brain CTP examination. Two experienced radiologists manually delineated regions of interest (ROIs) in the bilateral frontal lobe, temporal lobe, brain tissue adjacent to the hemorrhagic foci, and brainstem as a control region.