Traditional Chinese herbal medicine retention enema combined with perineal massage (THREM): a promising therapeutic strategy for refractory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

Background: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a debilitating condition characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms and persistent pelvic pain or discomfort lasting for more than three months. Currently available oral drug therapies exhibit limited efficacy in the treatment of CP/CPPS. Therefore, personalized and combination therapies are recommended by Chinese CP/CPPS guidelines, which primarily include traditional Chinese medicine, radiofrequency therapy, urethral lavage, transrectal prostate massage, extracorporeal shock wave therapy.

NLRP3+ macrophages aggravate inflammatory cystitis in diabetes.

Inflammatory macrophages play a pivotal role in the progression of inflammatory cystitis. Formation of NOD-, LRR- and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome triggers the activation of caspase-1/IL-1β signaling cascades to mediate inflammatory response. However, it is not known whether NLRP3 activation in macrophages during cystitis may differ in normal or diabetic setting as well as the importance of it.

Metal-Organic Framework Composite Photothermal Membrane for Removal of High-Concentration Volatile Organic Compounds from Water via Molecular Sieving.

Water-soluble volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among the most difficult-to-treat species during wastewater treatment. The current purification and removal of high-concentration VOCs still rely on the energy-consuming distillation and high-pressure driven reverse osmosis technology. There is an urgent need for an advanced technology that can effectively remove high-concentration VOCs from water.

Loss of NLRP3 increases bacterial cystitis via IRAKM.

Background: We attempted to characterize the molecular mechanisms that underpin urinary tract infections using a mouse model of cystitis induced by bacterial infection in a background of NOD-, LRR- and PYD domains-containing protein (NLRP3) deficiency.

Methods: Male NLRP3 knockout (NLRP3) and control mice (12 weeks old) were intraurethrally inoculated with 2×10 () and euthanized 1, 3, and 7 days later to assess the degree of bladder infection. Immunohistochemical detection of NLRP3 and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase M (IRAKM) was performed.

Establishment of a Risk Score Model for Early Prediction of Severe H1N1 Influenza.

H1N1 is the most common subtype of influenza virus circulating worldwide and can cause severe disease in some populations. Early prediction and intervention for patients who develop severe influenza will greatly reduce their mortality. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 180 PBMC samples from three published datasets from the GEO DataSets.

["3+1" bladder function restoration combined with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia with acontractile detrusor].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of "3+1" bladder function restoration combined with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with acontractile detrusor (ACD).

Methods: We treated 35 BPH patients with ACD by HoLEP followed by "3+1" bladder function restoration, that is, a 3-phase bladder function training plus simultaneous 1-drug medication after surgery. We recorded and analyzed the detrusor pressure, post-void residual urine volume (PVR), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) scores, quality of life (QoL), voluntary micturition, satisfaction with the bladder function, hydronephrosis, ureterectasia, renal function, and urinary tract infection of the patients before and after treatment.

Adiponectin deficiency contributes to the development and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia in obesity.

The incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is increasing among obese individuals, but few studies have fully explained the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between obesity and BPH. Herein, we show that in prostatic epithelial and stromal cells, adiponectin exerts multifunctional effects including anti-proliferation, blocking of G1/S-phase progression and the promotion of apoptosis via inhibiting the MEK-ERK-p90RSK axis.

Multifunctional hollow superhydrophobic SiO microspheres with robust and self-cleaning and separation of oil/water emulsions properties.

Superhydrophobic materials have drawn great attention due to its' remarkable non-wetting properties and applications in many fields. In this paper, we synthesize a hollow superhydrophobic SiO powder by typical template method and self-assembly functionalization. Robustness of many superhydrophobic surfaces has become the development bottleneck for industrial applications.

The effects of RNA interference mediated VEGF gene silencing on biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma and transplanted renal tumor in nude mice.

Objective: This study was to explore the effects of RNA interference mediated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene silencing on biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), transplanted renal tumor and angiogenesis in nude mice.

Methods: The specific siRNA sequence targeting VEGF were designed and synthesized to construct hVEGF-siRNA plasmid which was transfected into RCC 786-O cells. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the detection of VEGF gene expression and western blot was adopted for the examination of VEGF protein expression.

RNAi-mediated knockdown of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibits vascularization and tumor growth in renal cell carcinoma.

In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of the knockdown of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by RNA interference (RNAi) on vascularization and tumor growth in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). For this purpose, a lentiviral vector expressing VEGF-shRNA was constructed and transfected into 293T cells. The efficiency of RNAi was determined by infecting human 786-O RCC cells with viral particles and measuring the VEGF mRNA levels by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Human Stromal Cells in the Peripheral Zone of the Prostate Promote Tumorigenesis of Prostatic Cancer Stem Cells through Up-regulation of C-Kit Expression.

Objective: Most prostate cancers originate from the prostatic peripheral zone (PZ). We tested the hypothesis that the stromal cells from PZ and transitional zone (TZ) have differential effects on the ability of tumorigenesis.

Methods: Stromal cells isolated from the PZ and TZ of normal human prostates mixed with DU145 cells subcutaneously injected into athymic nude mice.

Normal peripheral prostate stromal cells stimulate prostate cancer development: roles of c-kit signal.

Background: To investigated the peripheral stromal cell conditioned medium (CM) -stimulated c-kit-JAK2-STAT1 pathway in prostate cancer.

Methods: CM harvested from normal prostate peripheral stromal cells was added to DU145 cells. DU145 cell viability and migration were measured by cell counting kit-8 reagent and Transwell analysis respectively.

Increased Expression of GOLPH3 is Associated with the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer.

Background: Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) is a metastasis-associated gene, however its role in cell proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) has not yet been elucidated.

Methods: The level of expression of GOLPH3 and other genes was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) and western blot analysis. Furthermore, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the expression of GOLPH3 in PCa using a tissue microarray (TMA) and correlated our findings with pathological parameters of PCa.

Differential effects of peripheral and transitional prostatic stromal cells on tumorigenesis.

The human prostate contains two types of stromal cells, peripheral stromal cells (PSCs) and transitional stromal cells (TSCs). Here, we demonstrate the effects of PSCs and TSCs on tumorigenesis in prostate cancer (PCa) and identify the mechanisms underlying these effects. Using microarray analysis, we identified 3,643 differentially expressed genes in cocultures of TSCs, PSCs, and DU145 cells, a human prostate cancer cell line.

Sperm motility inversely correlates with seminal leptin levels in idiopathic asthenozoospermia.

Background: Asthenozoospermia is one kind cause of male infertility. Nevertheless, no specific etiology can be identified by routine tests in some cases. Recently, it has been shown that leptin plays a critical role in male fertility.

Penoscrotal extramammary Paget's disease: surgical techniques and follow-up experiences with thirty patients.

To report the surgical management, complications and prognosis of patients with penoscrotal extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) at different clinical stages. Between 2003 and 2008, a total of 30 male patients with penoscrotal EMPD were enrolled and evaluated. All enrolled subjects received frozen biopsy-guided local wide resection and immediate reconstruction.

Differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells co-cultured with urothelium cell line toward a urothelium-like phenotype in a nude murine model.

Objective: To investigated the urothelium differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) that were coimplanted with the immortalized human bladder urothelium cell line (SV-HUC-1) into the subcutaneous tissue of athymic mice.

Materials And Methods: The ASCs were isolated from the human adipose tissue of patients undergoing liposuction procedures and were expanded in vitro. After labeling with CM-DiI, the ASCs were mixed with SV-HUC-1 and implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of athymic mice for 2 and 4 weeks.

A prospective, randomized clinical trial comparing plasmakinetic resection of the prostate with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate based on a 2-year followup.

Purpose: We compared plasmakinetic resection with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia by analyzing 2-year followup data from a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Materials And Methods: A total of 280 patients were randomly treated with plasmakinetic resection or holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. Perioperative and postoperative outcome data were obtained during a 2-year followup.

An improved morcellation procedure for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate.

Purpose: We modified the conventional morcellation procedure for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), and its outcomes are presented in this article.

Materials And Methods: As 395 patients were included, the conventional morcellation procedure was performed in the first 100 cases (group 1, cases 1-100), and an improved procedure was used in the last 100 cases (group 2, cases 296-395). The improved morcellation process has three steps to execute.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition improves erectile function by activation of nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway in diabetic rats.

Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction-induced abnormalities of the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathway in the corpus cavernosum are thought to be the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction (ED). Recent studies have shown that the poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) pathway plays a critical role in diabetic endothelial dysfunction.

Aim:   The aim of this study is to determine whether activation of the PARP pathway is involved in diabetic cavernosal endothelial dysfunction and abnormalities of the NO/cGMP pathway.

Normal prostate-derived stromal cells stimulate prostate cancer development.

Stromal cells play a decisive role in regulating tumor progression. In this study, we assessed the significance of normal prostate-derived stromal cells (PSCs) in prostate cancer development. An in vivo s.

Bipolar transurethral resection in saline vs traditional monopolar resection of the prostate: results of a randomized trial with a 2-year follow-up.

Objective: To present 2-year follow-up data of a randomized clinical trial comparing bipolar transurethral resection in saline (TURIS) with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Patients And Methods: In all, 100 consecutive patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were randomized to TURIS or TURP. The breath ethanol test was used before and every 10 min during surgery to assess fluid absorption.

[Expressions of ATF3 and CTGF and their regulation by estradiol in the prepuce of hypospadias patients].

Objective: Estrogen is closely associated with hypospadias. The present study was to explore the molecular mechanism of hypospadias caused by estradiol.

Methods: Fibroblasts obtained from the prepuce of hypospadiac and normal children were cultured in vitro and treated with 17-beta ethinyl estradiol (17-EE) at the concentrations of 1 micromol/L to 0.