Association between phenotypic age and mortality risk in individuals with obesity: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study investigates the association between phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in obese individuals.

Methods: Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018, including 9,925 obese adults (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m). PAA, defined as phenotypic age exceeding chronological age, was assessed using clinical biomarkers.

Promotional effect and mechanism of Ce-modified VO-WO/TiO catalyst in low-temperature NH-SCR.

The enhancement effect of Ce modification on VO-WO/TiO catalysts at low temperatures was investigated for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH (NH-SCR). By adding 9% CeO to 0.5%VO-3%WO/TiO catalyst, the low-temperature denitrification performance of CeVWTi catalyst after Ce modification was significantly improved, achieving a NO conversion above 90% within a broad temperature range of 200-350℃, with catalytic activity comparable to that of 3% VO-3% WO/TiO.

Different microbiota modulation and metabolites generation of five dietary glycans during in vitro gut fermentation are determined by their monosaccharide profiles.

Dietary oligo- and polysaccharides modulate gut microbiota and thus exert prebiotic activity, which is determined by their heterogeneous structure. To explore the correlations between monosaccharide profile and microbial community, simulated gut fermentation of different glycans, including arabinan (ArB), galactooligosaccharide (GOS), arabinogalactan (ArG), rhamnogalacturonan (RhG), and xyloglucan (XyG) that are characterized by typical sugar residues were performed. Results showed that RhG displayed high contents of galacturonic acid (344.

PICH, A protein that maintains genomic stability, can promote tumor growth.

Genomic instability is regardedas a hallmark of cancer cells. It can be presented in many ways, among which chromosome instability has received attention. Ultrafine anaphase bridges are a typeof chromatin bridges, the untimely resolution of which can also lead to chromosome instability.

Coherent optical spin Hall transport for polaritonics at room temperature.

Spin or valley degrees of freedom hold promise for next-generation spintronics. Nonetheless, the macroscopic coherent spin current formations are still hindered by rapid dephasing due to electron scattering, specifically at room temperature. Exciton polaritons offer excellent platforms for spin-optronic devices via the optical spin Hall effect.

Extract of (L.) Gaertn Leaves as a Novel Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Solution.

In this work, leaves of (L.) Gaertn were extracted by a one-step extraction method using ethanol as a solvent, and the (L.) Gaertn extract (SMGE) was firstly employed as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.

Life's Essential 8 and Mortality in US Adults With Obesity: A Cohort Study.

Objective: This study evaluates the relationship between the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) scoring system and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among obese individuals using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data.

Methods: Data from 9143 obese participants (BMI ≥30 kg/m) collected between 2005 and 2018 were analyzed. Participants were categorized based on their LE8 scores: low cardiovascular health (Low CVH, n = 2264), moderate cardiovascular health (Moderate CVH, n = 6541), and high cardiovascular health (High CVH, n = 338).

Grassland degraded patchiness reduces microbial necromass content but increases contribution to soil organic carbon accumulation.

Plant and microbially derived carbon (C) are the two major sources of soil organic carbon (SOC), and their ratio impacts SOC composition, accumulation, stability, and turnover. The contributions of and the key factors defining the plant and microbial C in SOC with grassland patches are not well known. Here, we aim to address this issue by analyzing lignin phenols, amino sugars, glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP), enzyme activities, particulate organic carbon (POC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC).

Light at night and lung cancer risk: A worldwide interdisciplinary and time-series study.

Background: Light at night (LAN) has become a concern in interdisciplinary research in recent years. This global interdisciplinary study aimed to explore the exposure-lag-response association between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.

Methods: LAN data were obtained from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System.

Revealing the Optical Transition Properties of Interlayer Excitons in Defective WS/WSe Heterobilayers.

Manipulation of physical properties in multidimensional tunable moiré superlattice systems is a key focus in nanophotonics, especially for interlayer excitons (IXs) in two-dimensional materials. However, the impact of defects on IXs remains unclear. Here, we thoroughly study the optical properties of WS/WSe heterobilayers with varying defect densities.

Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome reveals regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in soybean under salt stress.

Introduction: Salt stress is a major environmental factor that constrains soybean growth, development, and productivity. Flavonoids are key secondary metabolites that play a crucial role in enhancing plant resistance to both biotic and abiotic stress. However, a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying flavonoid biosynthesis under salt stress in soybean is lacking.

Tomato Pectin Ameliorated Hepatic Steatosis in High-Fat-Diet Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide public health issue. Changes in the gut microbiota structure and composition are closely related to host pathophysiology processes. Pectin is associated with several beneficial health effects.

Water-triggered shape memory cellulose / sodium alginate / montmorillonite composite sponges for rapid hemostasis.

Uncontrollable bleeding caused by severe trauma is life-threatening. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop hemostatic materials that meet the rapid hemostasis of wounds. In this study, a water-triggered shape memory carboxylated cellulose nanofiber/sodium alginate/montmorillonite (CNSAMMTCa) composite hemostatic sponge was prepared, which can promote coagulation by concentrating the blood and activating intrinsic pathway.

Chirality-Dependent Dynamic Evolution for Trions in Monolayer WS.

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit valley-dependent excitonic characters with a large binding energy, acting as the building block for future optoelectronic functionalities. Herein, combined with pump-probe ultrafast transient transmission spectroscopy and theoretical simulations, we reveal the chirality-dependent trion dynamics in h-BN encapsulated monolayer tungsten disulfide. By resonantly pumping trions in a single valley and monitoring their temporal evolution, we identify the temperature-dependent competition between two relaxation channels driven by chirality-dependent scattering processes.

Dietary inflammatory index is associated with severe depression in older adults with stroke: a cross-sectional study.

Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. We aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression in American adults with stroke. Adults with stroke were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005 and 2018 in the USA.

Impact of grassland degradation on soil multifunctionality: Linking to protozoan network complexity and stability.

Soil protozoa, as predators of microbial communities, profoundly influence multifunctionality of soils. Understanding the relationship between soil protozoa and soil multifunctionality (SMF) is crucial to unraveling the driving mechanisms of SMF. However, this relationship remains unclear, particularly in grassland ecosystems that are experiencing degradation.

Exciton polariton condensation from bound states in the continuum at room temperature.

Exciton-polaritons (polaritons) resulting from the strong exciton-photon interaction stimulates the development of novel low-threshold coherent light sources to circumvent the ever-increasing energy demands of optical communications. Polaritons from bound states in the continuum (BICs) are promising for Bose-Einstein condensation owing to their theoretically infinite quality factors, which provide prolonged lifetimes and benefit the polariton accumulations. However, BIC polariton condensation remains limited to cryogenic temperatures ascribed to the small exciton binding energies of conventional material platforms.

UBXN11 Predicts as a Poor Index for Colorectal Cancer and Contributes to the Tumorigenesis by Activating NF-κB Signaling.

Background: The complex mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and progression remain poorly understood. This study endeavors to unravel the role of UBXN11within the context of CRC.

Methods: UBXN11 expression level in CRC, stomach adenocarcinoma and esophageal carcinoma, and the overall survival in corresponding cancers were analyzed using UALCAN database.

Heterostructured ZnFeO@NiS nanosheet arrays on Ni foam as an efficient oxygen evolution catalyst.

Honeycomb-like ZnFeO@NiS hierarchical nanosheet arrays on Ni foam (NF) were fabricated a combined hydrothermal and electrodeposition method. The electrode exhibits high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity with low overpotentials of 254 mV at 10 mA cm and 290 mV at 50 mA cm, a small Tafel slope of 39.29 mV dec and excellent durability in an alkaline electrolyte.

The coumarin component isofraxidin targets the G-protein-coupled receptor S1PR1 to modulate IL-17 signaling and alleviate ulcerative colitis.

Objective: The increasing global prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) underscores the imperative to explore novel therapeutic approaches. Traditional Chinese medicine has historically shown potential in addressing this ailment. The current study aimed to elucidate the functional attributes and underlying mechanisms of isofraxidin, a coumarin derivative from Acanthopanax, in the context of UC.

GUGA-based MRCI approach with core-valence separation approximation (CVS) for the calculation of the core-excited states of molecules.

We develop and demonstrate how to use the Graphical Unitary Group Approach (GUGA)-based MRCISD with Core-Valence Separation (CVS) approximation to compute the core-excited states. First, perform a normal Self-Consistent-Field (SCF) or valence MCSCF calculation to optimize the molecular orbitals. Second, rotate the optimized target core orbitals and append to the active space, form an extended CVS active space, and perform a CVS-MCSCF calculation for core-excited states.

Identification and neuroprotective properties of NA-184, a calpain-2 inhibitor.

Our laboratory has shown that calpain-2 activation in the brain following acute injury is directly related to neuronal damage and the long-term functional consequences of the injury, while calpain-1 activation is generally neuroprotective and calpain-1 deletion exacerbates neuronal injury. We have also shown that a relatively selective calpain-2 inhibitor, referred to as C2I, enhanced long-term potentiation and learning and memory, and provided neuroprotection in the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. Using molecular dynamic simulation and Site Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) software, we generated about 130 analogs of C2I and tested them in a number of in vitro and in vivo assays.

Glutathione degradable manganese-doped polydopamine nanoparticles for photothermal therapy and cGAS-STING activated immunotherapy of lung tumor.

Photothermal therapy (PTT), which utilizes nanomaterials to harvest laser energy and convert it into heat to ablate tumor cells, has been rapidly developed for lung tumor treatment, but most of the PTT-related nanomaterials are not degradable, and the immune response associated with PTT is unclear, which leads to unsatisfactory results of the actual PTT. Herein, we rationally designed and prepared a manganese ion-doped polydopamine nanomaterial (MnPDA) for immune-activated PTT with high efficiency. Firstly, MnPDA exhibited 57.

Dietary Tomato Pectin Attenuates Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in High-Fat-Diet Mice by Regulating the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Chronic metabolic disease is a serious global health issue, which is accompanied by impaired insulin resistance. Tomato pectin (TP) is a naturally soluble complex hetero-polysaccharide with various biological functions. However, the impact of TP on hepatic insulin resistance in a high-fat diet (HFD) and its potential mechanism remains largely unknown.