Mechanism of Sirtuin1-Mediated Deacetylation of p65-Mediated Ferroptosis of Hippocampal Neurons in Cerebral Injury after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Rats.

Objective: Post-resuscitation brain injury is a common sequela after cardiac arrest (CA). Increasing sirtuin1 (SIRT1) has been involved in neuroprotection in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) neurons, and we investigated its mechanism in post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rat brain injury by mediating p65 deacetylation modification to mediate hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rat CA/CPR model was established and treated with Ad-SIRT1 and Ad-GFP adenovirus vectors, or Erastin.

The performance of a novel diagnostic criteria for neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients.

Diagnosing neurosyphilis in clinical settings poses significant challenges due to the absence of highly efficient diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to enhance the existing diagnostic criteria and assess their sensitivity and specificity for identifying neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients. We conducted a retrospective review of patient records from a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2019 and May 2023.

Single-cell transcriptome unveils unique transcriptomic signatures of human organ-specific endothelial cells.

The heterogeneity of endothelial cells (ECs) across human tissues remains incompletely inventoried. We constructed an atlas of > 210,000 ECs derived from 38 regions across 24 human tissues. Our analysis reveals significant differences in transcriptome, phenotype, metabolism and transcriptional regulation among ECs from various tissues.

Multiplex competitive annealing mediated isothermal amplification with high fidelity DNA polymerase (HiFi-CAMP).

Various isothermal amplification methods have been developed for point-of-care testing (POCT) of various infectious diseases. Here, we proposed a novel isothermal amplification method, named as 5'-half complementary primers mediated isothermal amplification (HCPA). Because of the similarity of our method to the previous method competitive annealing mediated isothermal amplification (CAMP) in primer design, we also use the name CAMP for our method.

gp120-derived amyloidogenic peptides form amyloid fibrils that increase HIV-1 infectivity.

Apart from mediating viral entry, the function of the free HIV-1 envelope protein (gp120) has yet to be elucidated. Our group previously showed that EP2 derived from one β-strand in gp120 can form amyloid fibrils that increase HIV-1 infectivity. Importantly, gp120 contains ~30 β-strands.

ERK/STAT3 activation through CCL17/CCR4 axis-mediated type 2 cytokine-involved signaling pathways in Th2 cells regulates cutaneous drug reactions.

Cutaneous drug reactions (CDRs) are common drug-induced allergic reactions that cause severe consequences in HIV/AIDS patients. The CCL17/CCR4 axis is involved in the immune mechanism of allergic diseases, but its role in the CDRs has not been determined. Here, we aimed to determine the role of the CCL17/CCR4 axis and the underlying mechanism involved in CDRs.

Identification of gene signatures and molecular mechanisms underlying the mutual exclusion between psoriasis and leprosy.

Leprosy and psoriasis rarely coexist, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying their mutual exclusion have not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism responsible for the mutual exclusion between psoriasis and leprosy. We obtained leprosy and psoriasis data from ArrayExpress and GEO database.

Dingxin recipe Ⅲ ameliorates hyperlipidemia injury in SD rats by improving the gut barrier, particularly the SCFAs/GPR43 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dingxin Recipe Ⅲ (DXR Ⅲ) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound used for hyperlipidemia treatment in clinical practice. However, its curative effects and pharmacological mechanisms in hyperlipidemia have not been clarified to date.

Aim Of The Study: Studies have demonstrated that gut barrier was strongly implicated in lipid deposition.

Impact of body mass index on peripheral and uterine immune status in the window of implantation in patients with recurrent reproductive failure.

This study aimed to investigate whether maternal obesity affects the immune status of peripheral blood and endometrium in patients with recurrent reproductive failure classified according to their body mass index (BMI). A total of 228 repeated implantation failure (RIF) and 266 recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients were enrolled in the study and further subdivided into three groups according to their BMI: (i) normal weight (18.5≤ BMI <23); (ii) overweight (23≤ BMI <25); and (iii) obese (BMI ≥25).

Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses reveals sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated S1PR2/PI3K/Akt pathway involved in Talaromyces marneffei infection of macrophages.

Talaromycosis is a fatal mycosis caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei). The pathogenic mechanisms of talaromycosis are still poorly understood.

Long-term presence of autoantibodies in plasma of cured leprosy patients.

Autoantibodies have been detected in leprosy patients, indicating that infection with M. leprae may lead to autoimmune disorders. However, whether autoimmune response last until patients are cured is unknown.

Clinical characteristics of patients with human immunodeficiency virus and immune-mediated photodermatoses: A retrospective study of 39 patients.

Background: HIV/AIDS patients are susceptible to various infectious and inflammatory dermatoses. No systemic work has been done on HIV/AIDS patients with immune-mediated photodermatoses in China. Here, we aim to determine the clinical features of immune-mediated photodermatoses in HIV/AIDS patients.

Corrigendum: IL36G is associated with cutaneous antiviral competence in psoriasis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.

Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles and Hypersensitivity of Efavirenz/Nevirapine in HIV-Infected Chinese Patients.

To examine the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and nevirapine (NVP)- and efavirenz (EFV)-induced cutaneous adverse reactions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients, we conducted a case-control study at our center consisting of 96 patients. Patients were further assigned based on the occurrence of cutaneous adverse events and the drugs involved. All patients were subjected to next generation sequencing (NGS)-based screening with focus on HLA phenotype, including the presence of HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-DRB1.

L36G is associated with cutaneous antiviral competence in psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease that has a great impact on patients' physical and mental health. However, the causes and underlying molecular mechanisms of psoriasis are still largely unknown.

Methods: The expression profiles of genes from psoriatic lesion samples and skin samples from healthy controls were integrated the sva software package, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between psoriasis and healthy skin were screened by the limma package.

Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study.

Background: Deep fungal infection is a type of life-threatening opportunistic infection. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. This infection can affect the prognosis of patients, prolong hospital stays and raise costs for patients and their families.

High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and risk factors among HIV-positive individuals in Yunnan, China.

Background: Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in China. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms.

Methods: We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 receiving ART).

Giant spider angioma following cirrhosis in HIV-infected individuals.

Spider angioma refers to a type of telangiectasis that presents slightly beneath the skin surface on the face, neck, arms or upper trunk, often manifesting with a central red spot and reddish extensions that radiate outwards like a spider's web. The cutaneous spider angioma may be benign but it often indicates abnormal liver function, especially in patients with chronic cirrhosis. The spider angioma is irreversible and rarely occurred diffusely over the body or with giant sizes.

A Reliable Murine Model of Disseminated Infection Induced by Talaromyces Marneffei.

Talaromycosis (penicilliosis) caused by Talaromyces marneffei is one of the most important opportunistic infection diseases in tropical countries of South and Southeast Asia. Most infections occurred in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the primarily reason for the increase in the number of the cases is HIV pandemic. The pathogenesis of T.