Novel biallelic MCMDC2 variants were associated with meiotic arrest and nonobstructive azoospermia.

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), one of the most severe types of male infertility, etiology often remains unclear in most cases. Therefore, this study aimed to detect four biallelic detrimental variants (0.5%) in the minichromosome maintenance domain containing 2 (MCMDC2) genes in 768 NOA patients by whole-exome sequencing (WES).

Prospective cohort study on the clinical significance of interferon-γ, D-dimer, LDH, and CRP tests in children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant cause of respiratory infections in children, often leading to severe pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the clinical relevance of interferon-gamma (interferon-γ), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) as biomarkers in the severity of mycoplasma pneumonia in pediatric patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, 203 pediatric patients with mycoplasma pneumonia were classified into mild (123 patients) and severe (80 patients) groups.

The PANoptosis-related hippocampal molecular subtypes and key biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease patients.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, and various molecules associated with PANoptosis are involved in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. This work aims to identify key genes, and characterize PANoptosis-related molecular subtypes in AD. Moreover, we establish a scoring system for distinguishing PANoptosis molecular subtypes and constructing diagnostic models for AD differentiation.

Leverage Effective Deep Learning Searching Method for Forensic Age Estimation.

Dental age estimation is extensively employed in forensic medicine practice. However, the accuracy of conventional methods fails to satisfy the need for precision, particularly when estimating the age of adults. Herein, we propose an approach for age estimation utilizing orthopantomograms (OPGs).

Periodic injection of liquefied kitchen and food waste in municipal solid waste: Effects on leachate and gas generation.

With continuous advancements in the zero-waste strategy in China, transportation of fresh municipal solid waste to landfills has ceased in most first-tier cities. Consequently, the production of landfill gas has sharply declined because the supply of organic matter has decreased, rendering power generation facilities idle. However, by incorporating liquefied kitchen and food waste (LKFW), sustainable methane production can be achieved while consuming organic wastewater.

Zeno Regime of Collective Emission: Non-Markovianity beyond Retardation.

To build up a collective emission, the atoms in an ensemble must coordinate their behavior by exchanging virtual photons. We study this non-Markovian process in a subwavelength atom chain coupled to a one-dimensional (1D) waveguide and find that retardation is not the only cause of non-Markovianity. The other factor is the memory of the photonic environment, for which a single excited atom needs a finite time, the Zeno regime, to transition from quadratic decay to exponential decay.

scRNA-seq reveals that origin recognition complex subunit 6 regulates mouse spermatogonial cell proliferation and apoptosis via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

The regulation of spermatogonial proliferation and apoptosis is of great significance for maintaining spermatogenesis. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of the testis was performed to identify genes upregulated in spermatogonia. Using scRNA-seq analysis, we identified the spermatogonia upregulated gene origin recognition complex subunit 6 ( Orc6 ), which is involved in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation; its protein expression in the human and mouse testis was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence.

The 5-HT receptors in the VLO contribute to the development of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in rats.

The 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor (5-HTR) is one of the most recently cloned serotonin receptors which have been implicated in many physiological and pathological processes including drug addiction. Behavioral sensitization is the progressive process during which re-exposure to drugs intensified the behavioral and neurochemical responses to drugs. Our previous study has demonstrated that the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) is critical for morphine-induced reinforcing effect.

Phosphorylation of Neurofilament Light Chain in the VLO Is Correlated with Morphine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization in Rats.

Neurofilament light chain (NF-L) plays critical roles in synapses that are relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases. Despite postmortem evidence that NF-L is decreased in opiate abusers, its role and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We found that the microinjection of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) into the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) attenuated chronic morphine-induced behavioral sensitization.

Principles of extramural health care for chronic wounds in China.

Development of extramural health care for chronic wounds is still in its infancy in China, and thus it is urgent and vital to establish a correct concept and practicable principles. The authors reviewed recent domestic and international literature and summarized the following treatment procedures and principles for extramural health care of chronic wounds. (1) The patient needs to do self-assessment of the wound by using available simple methods; (2) The patient consults with professional physicians or nurses on wound care to define the severity and etiology of the non-healing wound; (3) Professionals evaluate the existing treatment strategies; (4) Etiological treatments are given by professionals; (5) Patients buy needed dressings via the more convenient ways from pharmacies, e-commerce platform or others; (6) Professionals provide a standardized and reasonable therapeutic plan based on the patient's wound conditions; (7) Both professionals and the patient pay attention to complications to prevent adverse outcomes; (8) Professionals strengthen the public education on wound care and integrated rehabilitation.

Efficacy of stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction for nonobstructive azoospermia with varied etiologies.

Stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) is a procedure that attempts to minimize testicular damage. However, the mini-incision approach may vary in patients with different etiologies. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis of 665 men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) who underwent stepwise mini-incision mTESE (Group 1) and 365 men who underwent standard mTESE (Group 2).

Hybrid bioreactor built-in with fixed bio-carriers for denitrification with low C/N ratio: Hydrodynamic optimization and microbial divergence.

Hydrodynamics played an important role in the design and operation of bioreactors for wastewater treatment. In this work, an up-flow anaerobic hybrid bioreactor built-in with fixed bio-carriers was designed and optimized using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The results indicated that the flow regime involving with vortex and dead zone was greatly affected by the positions of water inlet and bio-carrier modules.

Free-Fermion Multiply Excited Eigenstates and Their Experimental Signatures in 1D Arrays of Two-Level Atoms.

One-dimensional (1D) subwavelength atom arrays display multiply excited subradiant eigenstates which are reminiscent of free fermions. So far, these states have been associated with subradiant states with decay rates ∝N^{-3}, with N the number of atoms, which fundamentally prevents detection of their fermionic features by optical means. In this Letter, we show that free-fermion states generally appear whenever the band of singly excited states has a quadratic dispersion relation at the band edge and, hence, may also be obtained with radiant and even superradiant states.

Mapping thalamic-anterior cingulate monosynaptic inputs in adult mice.

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is located in the frontal part of the cingulate cortex, and plays important roles in pain perception and emotion. The thalamocortical pathway is the major sensory input to the ACC. Previous studies have show that several different thalamic nuclei receive projection fibers from spinothalamic tract, that in turn send efferents to the ACC by using neural tracers and optical imaging methods.

Charge-Noise Insensitive Chiral Photonic Interface for Waveguide Circuit QED.

A chiral photonic interface is a quantum system that has different probabilities for emitting photons to the left and right. An on-chip compatible chiral interface is attractive for both fundamental studies of light-matter interactions and applications to quantum information processing. We propose such a chiral interface based on superconducting circuits, which has wide bandwidth, rich tunability, and high tolerance to fabrication variations.

Distinct Roles for Prefrontal Dopamine D1 and D2 Neurons in Social Hierarchy.

Neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) controls dominance hierarchies in groups of animals. Dopamine (DA) strongly modulates PFC activity mainly through D1 receptors (D1Rs) and D2 receptors (D2Rs). Still, it is unclear how these two subpopulations of DA receptor-expressing neurons in the PFC regulate social dominance hierarchy.

NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in prefrontal neurons underlies social memory retrieval in female mice.

Social memory is the ability to discriminate familiar conspecific from the unknown ones. Prefrontal neurons are essentially required for social memory, but the mechanism associated with this regulation remains unknown. It is also unclear to what extent the neuronal representations of social memory formation and retrieval events overlap in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and which event drives social memory strength.

Selective inhibition of adenylyl cyclase subtype 1 reduces inflammatory pain in chicken of gouty arthritis.

Lack of uricase leads to the high incidence of gout in humans and poultry, which is different from rodents. Therefore, chicken is considered to be one of the ideal animal models for the study of gout. Gout-related pain caused by the accumulation of urate in joints is one type of inflammatory pain, which causes damage to joint function.

[Effects of Notch3 on gene expression and signal pathway of pancreatic stellate cell activation].

The pancreatic stellate cells( PSCs) of mice were isolated and cultured and the effects of Notch3 siRNA on PSCs gene expression were detected. were PSCs of mice were isolated and cultured. The expressions of α-SMA, fibonectin and collagen I in activated PSCs were detected by immunofluorescence.