A neural circuit from paratenial thalamic nucleus to anterior cingulate cortex for the regulation of opioid-induced hyperalgesia in male rats.

Prolonged use of opioids can lead to increased sensitivity to painful stimuli, a condition referred to as opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). However, the mechanisms underlying this contradictory situation remain unclear. This study elucidates the pivotal role of the paratenial thalamic nucleus (PT)-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neuronal circuit in the development of OIH in male rats.

Assessment of anterior scleral thickness in myopes and emmetropes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To investigate the differences in anterior scleral thickness (AST) among the refractive statuses of Chinese adults aged 18-35.

Methods: This study recruited 170 Chinese participants (mean age, 24.06 ± 2.

Gastroprotective potential of the aqueous extract of nine-steaming and nine-sun-drying processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua against alcoholic gastric injury in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Polygonatum (Huangjing) genus has been used as both food and medicine in China for 2000 years, which was regarded as a "Top-grade" herb in the Shennong Bencao Jing. The most commonly used species is the rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (PC) that is traditionally utilized to invigorate Qi, nourish Yin, moisten lung, and tonify spleen and kidney.

Aim Of The Study: Excessive alcohol consumption causes severe upper-gastrointestinal diseases, notably gastric mucosal damage characterized by hemorrhagic gastritis, which lacks safe and effective intervention.

Stability, Inheritance, Cross-Resistance, and Fitness Cost of Resistance to λ-Cyhalothrin in .

Insecticides are commonly utilized in agriculture and forestry for pest control, but their dispersal can pose hazards to humans and environment. Understanding resistance, inheritance patterns, and fitness costs can help manage resistance. A λ-cyhalothrin-resistant population (LCR) of , a global pest of pome fruits and walnuts, was obtained through selective insecticide breeding for 15 generations, showing stable moderate resistance (23.

[Daidzein attenuates high glucose-induced inflammatory injury in macrophages by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway].

This study aims to explore the inhibitory effect of daidzein on macrophage inflammation induced by high glucose via regulating the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome signaling pathway. The cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay was employed to detect the effects of daidzein at different concentrations on the viability of RAW264.7 cells.

In Situ Inorganic/Organic Protective Layer on Carbon Paper as Advanced Current Collector for Robust Li Metal Anode.

Lithium (Li) metal is regarded as the most promising anode for next-generation batteries with high energy density. However, the uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume expansion during cycling seriously hinder the application of Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, an inorganic/organic protective layer (labeled as BPH), composed of in situ formed inorganic constituents and PVDF-HFP, is designed on the 3D carbon paper (CP) surface by hot-dipping method.

Pilot study of using transcranial temporal interfering theta-burst stimulation for modulating motor excitability in rat.

Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a promising brain stimulation method that can target deep brain regions by delivering an interfering current from surface electrodes. Most instances of tTIS stimulate the brain with a single-frequency sinusoidal waveform generated by wave interference. Theta burst stimulation is an effective stimulation scheme that can modulate neuroplasticity by generating long-term potentiation- or depression-like effects.

Trajectories of Treatment Burden Among Primary Care Patients with Long-Term Conditions in Southern China: A Latent Class Growth Analysis.

Background: Treatment burden is a patient-centred, dynamic concept. However, longitudinal data on the changing pattern of treatment burden among patients with one or more long-term conditions (LTCs) are relatively scanty. We aimed to explore the longitudinal trajectories of treatment burden and associated risk factors in a large, patient population in primary care settings.

Identification of chronic non-atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia stages in the Correa's cascade through machine learning analyses of SERS spectral signature of non-invasively-collected human gastric fluid samples.

The progression of gastric cancer involves a complex multi-stage process, with gastroscopy and biopsy being the standard procedures for diagnosing gastric diseases. This study introduces an innovative non-invasive approach to differentiate gastric disease stage using gastric fluid samples through machine-learning-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This method effectively identifies different stages of gastric lesions.

Single-dose methamphetamine administration impairs ORM retrieval in mice via excessive DA-mediated inhibition of PrL activity.

Methamphetamine (METH), an abused psychostimulant, impairs cognition through prolonged or even single-dose exposure, but animal experiments have shown contradictory effects on memory deficits. In this study we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of single-dose METH administration on the retrieval of object recognition memory (ORM) in mice. We showed that single-dose METH administration (2 mg/kg, i.

[Effect of Low-density Polyethylene Microplastics on Natural Attenuation of Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil].

The continuous accumulation of microplastics in agricultural soils may affect the natural attenuation of oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs). The effects of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) microplastics with the spiking proportion of 1 % and 0.01 % in soils on the natural attenuation of OPAHs were investigated via soil microcosm experiments.

Neuroimaging features of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder.

Cognitive dysfunctions are one of the key symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD), which exist not only during the onset of diseases but also before the onset, even after the remission of psychiatric symptoms. With the development of neuroimaging techniques, these non-invasive approaches provide valuable insights into the underlying pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders and information of cognitive remediation interventions. This review synthesizes existing neuroimaging studies to examine domains of cognitive impairment, particularly processing speed, memory, attention, and executive function in SZ and MDD patients.

Investigating the causal association of generalized and abdominal obesity with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: A community-based prospective study.

Aim: The paradoxical protective association between overweight/obesity and diabetic microvascular complications (DMC), a phenomenon well-known as the obesity paradox, has been considered a non-causal association based on methodological influences. We aimed to investigate the association of generalized and abdominal obesity, as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), respectively, with DMC in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), using a causal inference approach.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 1436 patients with clinically diagnosed T2D but not DMC at baseline in a community-based prospective cohort in China between 2017 and 2019 and followed them annually until 2022 with new-onset DMC recorded.

Clinical Outcomes of Severe Rhinosinusitis Complicated with Cavernous Sinus Syndrome.

Various diseases involving the cavernous sinus can cause a condition called cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS), which is characterized by ophthalmoplegia or sensory deficits over the face resulting from the compression effect of internal structure. While tumor compression is the most reported cause of CSS, statistical data on CSS caused by infections are limited. Its risk factors, treatment methods, and clinical outcomes are not well-documented.

Secondary metabolites in host pears defense against two fruit borers and cytochrome-P450-mediated counter-defense.

Herbivorous insects have evolved metabolic strategies to survive the challenges posed by plant secondary metabolites (SMs). This study reports an exploration of SMs present in pears, which serve as a defense against invasive and native and their counter-defense response. The feeding preferences of fruit borers are influenced by the softening of two pear varieties as they ripen.

Shengjihuayu formula ameliorates the oxidative injury in human keratinocytes via blocking JNK/c-Jun/MMPs signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The reactive oxygen species (ROS) surge in the chronic wound tissue of diabetic ulcers (DUs) aggravates the inflammatory response. The oxidative stress state during inflammation will exacerbate inflammation and cause tissue damage, resulting in prolonged wound healing. Shengjihuayu Formula (SJHYF) is a renowned Chinese medicine prescription for treating chronic wounds in diabetic ulcers.

Association of Visceral Obesity Indices With Incident Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue plays an active role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and vascular dysfunction. The lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and Chinese VAI (CVAI) have been proposed as simple and validated surrogate indices for measuring visceral adipose tissue. However, the evidence from prospective studies on the associations between these novel indices of visceral obesity and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains scant.

Phasic dopamine signals are reduced in the spontaneously hypertensive rat and increased by methylphenidate.

The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is a selectively bred animal strain that is frequently used to model attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) because of certain genetically determined behavioural characteristics. To test the hypothesis that the characteristically altered response to positive reinforcement in SHRs may be due to altered phasic dopamine response to reward, we measured phasic dopamine signals in the SHRs and Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. The effects of the dopamine reuptake inhibitor, methylphenidate, on these signals were also studied.

Characterisation of highly virulent and colistin-resistant ST367-KL1 Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae Strain.

Objectives: To elucidate the characteristics of a colistin-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae strain (KP8) using whole genome sequencing and various phenotypic assays.

Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution.

Comparison of the physical, thermal, and biological effects on implant bone site when using either zirconia or stainless-steel drill for implant bone site preparation.

Background/purpose: Zirconia has been a popular material in dental implantology with good biocompatibility. But few research focused on its application in implant drills. This study aimed to investigate the physical, thermal, and biological effects on using the zirconia and stainless-steel drills for implant bone site preparation.

Quercetin stimulates an accelerated burst of oviposition-based reproductive strategy in codling moth controlled by juvenile hormone signaling pathway.

The advantageous characteristics of invasive pests, particularly their ability to reproduce and adapt to the environment, have been observed. However, it remains unclear what specific inherent superiority enables fruit pests to successfully invade and dominate in interactions with other species. In this study, we report that Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus), a notorious invasive pest of pome fruits and walnuts globally, employs unique reproductive strategies in response to quercetin, a plant compound in host fruits.

Identification of G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) Associated with -Cyhalothrin Detoxification in .

While previous studies have reported G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated insecticide resistance in various arthropods, the understanding of GPCR-associated resistance mechanisms in remains limited. In this study, a total of 95 genes categorized into four families were identified in . Results revealed high expression levels of the majority of the during the first larval stage and in the head of Exposure to -cyhalothrin significantly increased the expression of 15 , including , which is highly expressed in all larval stages and shows the highest expression in the midgut.

Clinical feature-based diagnosis criteria of eosinophil and non-eosinophil chronic rhinosinusitis in Taiwan.

Background: The prevalence of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) has increased in Taiwan with a higher recurrence rate of nasal polyps after surgery. Therefore, we aimed to formulate the pre-operative diagnostic criteria for patients with ECRS in Taiwan.

Methods: This case-control study included patients diagnosed with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan.