Parkin-TLR4-NLRP3 Axis Directs Melatonin to Alleviate Atrazine-Induced Immune Impairment in Splenic Macrophages.

Atrazine (ATR) is a widespread environmental herbicide that seriously affects agricultural work and human safety. Melatonin (MLT) as an endogenous neuroendocrine hormone is widely found in animals and plants, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy keeps normal physiological processes by degrading damaged mitochondria in cells.

Pterosin B improves cognitive dysfunction by promoting microglia M1/M2 polarization through inhibiting Klf5/Parp14 pathway.

Background: Pterosin B (PB) exhibits strong neuroprotective effects in vitro, but its therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism on Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain elusive.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the anti-AD effect and mechanism of PB.

Study Design: The therapeutic effect and mechanism of PB were investigated in APP/PS1 mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cells.

AHR activation relieves deoxynivalenol-induced disruption of porcine intestinal epithelial barrier functions.

Mycotoxins are ubiquitous natural pollutants that pose a serious threat to public health. Deoxynivalenol (DON) as one of the most prominent mycotoxins has a noticeable adverse effect on intestinal barrier function, which depends on the intestinal barrier integrity. However, the potential mechanisms and effective therapeutic strategies remain unclear.

AQP1 Deficiency Drives Phthalate-Induced Epithelial Barrier Disruption through Intestinal Inflammation.

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is frequently used as a plasticizer to enhance the plasticity and durability of agricultural products, which pose adverse effects to human health and the environment. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a main water transport channel protein and is involved in the maintenance of intestinal integrity. However, the impact of DEHP exposure on gut health and its potential mechanisms remain elusive.

Melatonin Mitigates Atrazine-Induced Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Senescence by Promoting Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy.

The accumulation of senescent cells in kidneys is considered to contribute to age-related diseases and organismal aging. Mitochondria are considered a regulator of cell senescence process. Atrazine as a triazine herbicide poses a threat to renal health by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis.

Phthalates Induce Neurotoxicity by Disrupting the Mfn2-PERK Axis-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Interaction.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), as the most common phthalate, has been extensively used as a plasticizer to improve the plasticity of agricultural products, which pose severe harm to human health. Mitochondrial dynamics and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis are indispensable for maintaining mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) integrity. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of DEHP on the nervous system and its association with the ER-mitochondria interaction.

1,7-diphenyl-4-hepten-3-one mitigates Alzheimer's-like pathology by inhibiting pyroptosis via activating the Nrf2 pathway.

Pyroptosis-mediated neuron death plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the effect of 1,7-diphenyl-4-hepten-3-one (C1), a natural diarylheptanoid, on AD is unclear. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effect of C1 on APP/PS1 mice and β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced HT22 cells.

Dendrobine rescues cognitive dysfunction in diabetic encephalopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis via activating Nrf2/GPX4 axis.

Background: Ferroptosis playsa crucial role in the development of dementia and dendrobine (Den)possesseshypoglycemic and neuroprotective effects. However, the character of ferroptosis in diabetic encephalopathy (DE) and Den's therapeutic effect remains unclear.

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effects of Den on ferroptosis in treating DE and underlying mechanisms.

Wall. and Its New Phytochemical, Pterosinsade A, Promote Hippocampal Neurogenesis Activating the Wnt Signaling Pathway.

Wall., as a traditional tea, is popular in Southwest China, but its role in preventing cognitive impairment is unclear. In this study, Wall.

Xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors as targets for phthalates-induced lung injury and antagonism of lycopene.

Phthalates are extensively used in the production of plastics products and have been verified to induce lung injury. Lycopene (LYC) has proved an effective preventive and can be utilized to prevent phthalates-induced toxicity. However, the role of phthalate in pathogenesis of lung injury remain poorly researched, and little work has been devoted whether LYC could alleviate phthalate-induced lung toxicity via modulating nuclear xenobiotic receptors (NXRs) response.

Neolignans and Diarylheptanoids with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from the Rhizomes of .

The dried leaves and rhizomes of have been traditionally used as food and medicine. Anti-inflammatory activity-guided phytochemical investigation into the rhizomes of led to the isolation of 17 compounds including 10 neolignans (-, , , , , , , and are new compounds) and seven diarylheptanoids (-) in which - were three pairs of enantiomers. was only one enantiomer and was a racemic mixture.

[The Efficacy of 17 Cases of Pancreaticoduodenectomy Combined with Vascular Resection and Reconstruction by Using Robotic Operation System (with Video)].

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) combined with vascular resection and reconstruction under robotic surgery system in the treatment of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Methods: The clinical data of 17 patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer who underwent PD combined with vascular resection and reconstruction (see the Video 1 in Supplemental Contents, http://ykxb.scu.

Pelargonidin ameliorates CCl-induced liver fibrosis by suppressing the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β axis via activating the Nrf2 pathway.

Liver fibrosis is a histological change that often occurs due to hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and excessive formation of an extracellular matrix in the liver. Pelargonidin (PEL) is a natural anthocyanidin existing in blueberries, berries, strawberries, and red radishes and has been demonstrated to possess health beneficial effects. Herein, we investigated the effect of PEL on liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 and hepatic stellate cells induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β).

Novel nortriterpenoids with new skeletons and limonoids from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa and their bioactivities.

Two novel nortriterpenoids together with 7 known compounds were isolated from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, X-ray, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 1 is the first example of triterpenoid with a 27 (17 → 12)-abeo-five-ring skeleton.

The BACE1-Specific DNA Aptamer A1 Rescues Amyloid-β Pathology and Behavioral Deficits in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposits in the brain are considered to be one of the main pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The sequential proteolytic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the aspartyl proteases β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase produces Aβ. Therefore, BACE1 inhibition is a very attractive target for the treatment of AD.

Nomilin protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion induced neurological deficits and blood-brain barrier disruption via the Nrf2 pathway.

Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NQO1) pathway has been considered as a potential target for neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nomilin (NOM) is a limonoid compound obtained from the extracts of citrus fruits.

Robotic pancreatectomy for solid pseudopapillary tumors in the pancreatic head: A propensity score-matched comparison and analysis from a single center.

Background: Robotic surgery is the most advanced minimally invasive technique for the treatment of complicated solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPT). The aim of this study is to evaluate feasibility of robotic surgery for the treatment of SPTs in the pancreatic head.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 83 SPTs in pancreatic head was conducted.

Resveratrol improves cognition and decreases amyloid plaque formation in Tg6799 mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system that causes severe cognitive impairment. One of the most significant pathological features of AD is the accumulation of β‑amyloid (Aβ) peptide in the brain. Resveratrol (Res) is a polyphenol derived from peanuts, red grapes and other plants, which has received increasing attention due to its neuroprotective features.

Novel Consensus Docking Strategy to Improve Ligand Pose Prediction.

Molecular docking, which mainly includes pose prediction and binding affinity calculation, has become an important tool for assisting structure-based drug design. Correctly predicting the ligand binding pose to a protein target enables the estimation of binding free energy using various tools. Previous studies have shown that the consensus method can be used to improve the docking performance with respect to compound scoring and pose prediction.

Fisetin Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in Mice Challenged with a High-Fructose Diet.

Excess fructose consumption can lead to metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hepatic injury, which are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. The present study was to investigate whether fisetin improved multiple disturbances induced by fructose consumption. First, fisetin was found to be nontoxic to mice after an 8 week treatment.

Amentoflavone is a potent broad-spectrum inhibitor of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.

Amentoflavone (AMF), an abundant natural biflavonoid found in many medicinal plants, displays various beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-cancer. Despite the extensive studies on pharmacological activities, the toxicity or undesirable effects of AMF are rarely reported. In this study, the inhibitory effects of AMF on human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) were carefully investigated.

Antifouling enhancement of polyimide membrane by grafting DEDA-PS zwitterions.

In order to improve the water flux and antifouling property of polyimide (PI) membrane, zwitterions are grafted on PI membrane surface via a two-step modification route by reactions with N,N-diethylethylenediamine (DEDA) and 1,3-propane sultone (PS) sequentially. The reaction mechanism and physicochemical properties of membranes are confirmed via various characterization techniques. The anti-biofouling performance of the zwitterion-grafted PI membranes is evaluated by bacterial suspension immersion tests in Escherichia coli (E.

[Chemical constituents from Pteris multifida and cytotoxic activity].

The materials were extracted by 95% ethanol, and the extracting solution was isolated by kinds of chromatographic columns including polyamide, MCI, preparative MPLC, and preparative HPLC. Eight diterpenes and two sesquiterpenes were isolated from the plant. On analysis of ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data, the structures were established as ent-3β-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-al (1), 4-epi-kaurenic acid (2), mitrekaurenone (3), 7β,16α,17-trihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (4), crotonkinin E (5), crotonkinin F (6), pterisolic acid A (7), pterisolic acid C (8), (2R)-pterosin P (9), and dehydropterosin B (10).

Dihydrochalcones and Diterpenoids from Pteris ensiformis and Their Bioactivities.

Two new dihydrochalcone enantiomers (+)- and (-)-, along with eight known compounds -, were obtained from . The planar structures were determined on the basis of extensive 1D and 2DNMR and HRESIMS. The resolution of (+)- and (-)- was achieved by chiral HPLC analysis.