Disposable diaper overuse is associated with primary enuresis in children.

This research investigated the association between prolonged disposable diaper (DD) wearing in infancy and primary enuresis (PNE). As a case-control study, we collected data from 376 children with enuresis and 379 healthy children who were sex- and age-matched at three tertiary care institutions in mainland China from August 2017 to July 2018. The results of adjusted logistic regression showed the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for PNE across the categories of age of daytime DD use cessation were as follows: ≥ 25 months: 1.

Delayed in toilet training association with pediatric lower urinary tract dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Globally, attitudes and practices towards toilet training have changed several decades ago and children are completing toilet training at a later age compared to previous generations. Concurrently, there has been an increase in the incidence of pediatric bladder bowel dysfunction (BBD), including lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Whether the fact of delayed toilet training may negatively impact the ability of children to obtain bladder and bowel control and cause LUT dysfunction remains controversial.

[Role of Pediatric Critical Illness Score in evaluating severity and prognosis of severe hand-foot-mouth disease].

Objective: To investigate the role of Pediatric Critical Illness Score (PCIS) in evaluating the prognosis and severity of severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).

Methods: This study included 424 children with severe HFMD, consisting of 390 survivors and 34 deceased patients. Related physiological parameters and clinical data were collected for calculating PCIS scores.

Risk factors for cervical cancer in rural areas of Wuhan China: a matched case-control study.

Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in developing countries. We investigated possible risk factors for cervical cancer in rural areas of Wuhan China using a matched case-control study with 33 women diagnosed with cervical cancer and 132 healthy women selected from the same area as matched controls. A questionnaire, which included questions about general demography conditions, environmental and genetic factors, the first sexual intercourse, first marriage age, age at first pregnancy, pregnancy first child's age, female personal health history, social psychological factors, dietary habits, smoking and alcohol status and other living habits was presented to all participants.

Disability, home physical environment and non-fatal injuries among young children in China.

Objectives: We compared the patterns of medically attended injuries between children with and without disabilities and explored the residential environment risks in five counties of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China by a 1:1 matched case-control study based on the biopsychosocial model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health--ICF.

Methods: 1201 children aged 1-14 with disabilities and 1201 their healthy counterparts matched as having the same gender, same age, and lived in the same neighborhood were recruited in our study. Characteristics of injuries in the past 12 months were compared between children with and without disabilities.

Decreased birth weight in relation to maternal urinary trichloroacetic acid levels.

Background: The effect of exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) during pregnancy on newborn's birth weight has been commonly described in animal studies. However, epidemiological evidence was not consistent.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between exposure to DBPs and newborn's birth weight in a Chinese population, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China.

[Clinical characteristics of children with acute pancreatitis].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of children with acute pancreatitis and provide the basis of early diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: Totally 121 children with acute pancreatitis admitted to Hunan Children's Hospital between March 2003 and December 2009 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The data of clinical manifestations, biochemical examinations, imaging and prognosis were summarized and statistically analyzed.

[Analysis of 13 critically ill children complicated with pancreatic damages].

Objective: To analyze the pathological reports and clinical data of the cases with pancreatic damage in critically ill children, and summarize the clinical features and biological markers of critically ill children with pancreatic damage or pancreatic necrosis so as to provide the basis for early diagnosis and treatment in children complicated with pancreatic damage.

Methods: The clinical data of 13 patients treated in our hospital from 2003 to 2009 whose autopsy confirmed pancreatic damage existed and the pathological results of all organs were collected and analyzed.

Results: All the cases had acute onset; 7 cases had fever, 2 had abdominal pain, the other cases had abdominal distention, hepatosplenomegaly, hypoactive bowel sounds, ascites, intestinal obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.

Clinical and pathologic characteristics of pancreatic necrosis in critically ill children.

Background: Pancreatic damage in critically ill patients is associated with the progressive failure of multiple organs, but little is known about its clinical characteristics. At present, no guidelines are available for the diagnosis and management of pancreatic damage. This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical and pathologic characteristics of pancreatic necrosis in critically ill children, and to find some biological markers of pancreatic damage or pancreatic necrosis.

[Study on nonfatal injuries among home-stranded children in rural environment of Hubei province].

Objective: To understand the characteristics of nonfatal injuries among home-stranded children in the rural environment of Hubei province, and to evaluate the effect on child injury due to their parents going out for work.

Methods: Cross-sectional study and cluster sampling surveys were applied in September 2006 to survey students in six schools in Macheng city, Baiguo town and Songpu town.

Results: 3019 students were surveyed, 1182 students were home-stranded children, constituting a rate to 39.