Safety and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Different Vaccines at Phase 3.

This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines according to vaccine platform and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection severity. Articles published between 24 January 2020 and 30 May 2021 were retrieved via a PubMed and EMBASE search. A total of 12 reports on phase-3 clinical trials and observational studies of COVID-19 vaccines were included in the review.

A reliable detachable balloon that prevents abdominal cavity contamination during transrectal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a detachable endoluminal balloon in the prevention of abdominal cavity contamination during transrectal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES).

Methods: The efficacy and safety of a detachable endoluminal balloon to maintain disinfection in the distal colon of the pigs were evaluated. The bacterial loads and colonic cleanliness were monitored.

Bortezomib protects against dextran sulfate sodium‑induced ulcerative colitis in mice.

Bortezomib, a first‑in‑class proteasome inhibitor, is a standard method of treatment in multiple myeloma. In the present study, the therapeutic effect of bortezomib was evaluated in an ulcerative colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice, and the mechanism of action was also investigated. Mice were administered with 3% DSS drinking water for 7 consecutive days and then they were intraperitoneally treated with bortezomib (0.

Functional mechanism of the enhancement of 5-fluorouracil sensitivity by TUSC4 in colon cancer cells.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the chemotherapeutic drug of choice for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumor suppressor candidate 4 (TUSC4), also referred to as nitrogen permease regulator-like 2 (NPRL2), is located at chromosome 3p21.3 and expressed in numerous normal tissues, including the heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and pancreas.

Protection of cultured human hepatocytes from hydrogen peroxide‑induced apoptosis by relaxin‑3.

Previous studies have suggested that hepatocyte apoptosis may be a fundamental underlying mechanism of liver injury and diseases, such as liver fibrosis. Relaxin‑3 has been reported to have anti‑fibrotic actions in the heart and to attenuate isoproterenol‑induced myocardial injury; however, the beneficial role of relaxin‑3 on hepatocyte apoptosis remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to explore the role and possible mechanisms of relaxin‑3 through hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑induced apoptosis in primary human hepatocytes.

Endostar, a novel human recombinant endostatin, attenuates liver fibrosis in CCl4-induced mice.

Decreasing hepatic fibrosis remains one of the major therapeutic challenges in hepatology. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of Endostar on both CCl-induced liver fibrosis in mice and a hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line. Two main models were studied: (i) a liver fibrosis model was induced in BALB/c mice using CCl by intraperitoneal injection for six weeks.

Relationship between tumor and peripheral blood NPRL2 mRNA levels in patients with colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer.

NPRL2 is a tumor suppressor gene involved in the progression of human cancer. The present study investigated whether NPRL2 expression correlates with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Colorectal tissue and peripheral blood samples were obtained from 62 patients with CRC, 38 patients with colorectal adenomas and 51 normal controls.

[Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway affects the protein expressions of caspase-3, XIAP and Grp-78 in hepatocellular carcinoma].

To investigate the relationship and significance of Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway with caspase-3, XIAP, HSP27and Grp-78. The HCC cell line HepG2 was transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against b-catenin. After 72 and 96 h, protein was extracted and the protein expressions of b-catenin, caspase-3, XIAP, Grp-78 and HSP27 were detected by Western blot.

STAT3 and beta-catenin signaling pathway may affect GSK-3beta expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/aims: To study the correlation and significance of beta-catenin, STAT3 and GSK-3beta signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methodology: The HCC cell line HepG2 was transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against 8-catenin or STAT3. After 72 and 96h, protein was extracted and the protein expression of beta-catenin, STAT3, and GSK-3beta was detected by Western blot analysis.

Esophageal and gastric cardia cancers on 4238 Chinese patients residing in municipal and rural regions: a histopathological comparison during 24-year period.

Background: Nutrition deficiencies or poverty traditionally have been recognized to be related with increased risk for esophageal cancer (EC) in rural regions at junction of Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi provinces in northern China--the highest incidence area for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Since the 1980s, economic and nutrition condition in these areas have been improved greatly. However, the histopathological types, staging pattern, and occurrence of ESCC and GCA, especially for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), which have been rarely examined in the Chinese population during the past decades in these areas have not been well characterized to date.

A probiotic treatment containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus improves IBS symptoms in an open label trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

Methods: Eighty-five patients [male 32, female 53; age (45.31+/-11.

Effects of three fluid resuscitation methods on apoptosis of visceral organs in rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: To observe the effects of three fluid resuscitation methods on apoptosis of visceral organs in rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock and active bleeding was established in 32 SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats. The rats were randomly divided into control group, no fluid resuscitation group (NF group), controlled fluid resuscitation group (NS40 group) and rapid large scale fluid resuscitation group (NS80 group).

Trial of a novel endoscopic tattooing biopsy forceps on animal model.

Aim: To tattoo gastric mucosa with a novel medical device which could be used to monitor and follow-up gastric mucosal lesions.

Methods: Combining endoscopic biopsy with sclerotherapy injection, we designed a new device that could perform biopsy and injection simultaneously. We performed endoscopies on a pig by using a novel endoscope tattoo biopsy forceps for 15 mo.

Intestinal microecology and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients.

Aim: It has been noticed that gastroenteritis or dysentery plays a role in pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and antibiotics can increase functional abdominal symptoms, both of which may be partly due to intestinal flora disorders. This study was to determine the change of gut flora of IBS, a cluster of abdominal symptoms. Because of the chronic course and frequent occurrence of the disease, IBS patients suffered much from it.