EGFR-Targeted and NIR-Triggered Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Chemo-Photothermal Colorectal Tumor Therapy.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a major target for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Thus, anti-EGFR antibody conjugated lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles can offer a potential means of enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutics in EGFR overexpressing cancers. In addition, the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment.

Harnessing the potential of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes in degenerative diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained attention as a promising therapeutic approach in both preclinical and clinical osteoarthritis (OA) settings. Various joint cell types, such as chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and tenocytes, can produce and release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which subsequently influence the biological activities of recipient cells. Recently, extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have shown the potential to modulate various physiological and pathological processes through the modulation of cellular differentiation, immune responses, and tissue repair.

Paracrinal regulation of neutrophil functions by coronaviral infection in iPSC-derived alveolar type II epithelial cells.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses that predominantly attack the human respiratory system. In recent decades, several deadly human CoVs, including SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, have brought great impact on public health and economics. However, their high infectivity and the demand for high biosafety level facilities restrict the pathogenesis research of CoV infection.

Comparison of the mesodermal differentiation potential between embryonic stem cells and scalable induced pluripotent stem cells.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have promising potential in clinical application, whereas their limited amount and sources hinder their bioavailability. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have become prominent options in regenerative medicine as both possess the ability to differentiate into MSCs.

Methods: Recently, our research team has successfully developed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-homozygous iPSC cell lines with high immune compatibility, covering 13.

Dysregulation of the circRNA_0087207/miR-548c-3p/PLSR1-TGFB2 axis in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in vitro.

Background: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is mainly the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) associated with high apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which is accepted to be caused by the mutations in the subunits of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The treatment is still infant while efforts of correcting genes or using antioxidants do not bring good and consistent results. Unaffected carrier carries LHON mutation but shows normal phenotype, suggesting that the disease's pathogenesis is complex, in which secondary factors exist and cooperate with the primary complex I dysfunction.

Unveiling the Morphology of Carbon-Supported Ru Nanoparticles by Multiscale Modeling.

Simulating the behavior of metal nanoparticles on supports is crucial for boosting their catalytic performance and various nanotechnology applications; however, such simulations are limited by the conflicts between accuracy and efficiency. Herein, we introduce a multiscale modeling strategy to unveil the morphology of Ru supported on pristine and N-doped graphene. Our multiscale modeling started with the electronic structures of a supported Ru single atom, revealing the strong metal-support interaction around pyridinic nitrogen sites.

Overcoming the challenges of scalable iPSC generation in translation medicine.

Background: The potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in revolutionizing regenerative medicine cannot be overstated. iPSCs offer a profound opportunity for therapies involving cell replacement, disease modeling, and cell transplantation. However, the widespread application of iPSC cellular therapy faces hurdles, including the imperative to regulate iPSC differentiation rigorously and the inherent genetic disparities among individuals.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: Update on the novel genes and therapeutic options.

A maternal inheritance disorder called Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common primary mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) disorder. In most studies, there are more male patients than female patients, which contradicts the usual pattern in mitochondrial hereditary diseases. This suggests that nuclear DNA (nDNA) may influence the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in LHON.

HLA-Homozygous iPSC-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Rotenone-Induced Experimental Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy-like Models In Vitro and In Vivo.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise for cell-based therapy, yet the sourcing, quality, and invasive methods of MSCs impede their mass production and quality control. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSCs (iMSCs) can be infinitely expanded, providing advantages over conventional MSCs in terms of meeting unmet clinical demands.

Methods: The potential of MSC therapy for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) remains uncertain.

Association of Adipokines with Alzheimer's Disease in a Chinese Cohort.

Background: The correlation between plasma adipose factor levels and Alzheimer's patients is not entirely clear.

Objective: We aimed to investigate associations between AD and plasma levels of three adipokines including plasma adiponectin, leptin, and resistin.

Methods: A single-center, cross-sectional study recruited AD patients (n = 148) and cognitively normal (CN) controls (n = 110).

Urokinase administration for intraventricular hemorrhage in adults: A retrospective analysis of hemorrhage volume reduction and clinical outcomes.

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a type of ventricular bleeding that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Multiple studies have investigated the use of urokinase in IVH treatment. The use of urokinase may lead to higher rates of hematoma resolution and lower mortality rates.

The use of mammography-based radiomics nomograms for the preoperative prediction of the histological grade of invasive ductal carcinoma.

Background: Accurate prediction of the grade of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) before treatment is vital for individualized therapy and improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop and validate a mammography-based radiomics nomogram that would incorporate the radiomics signature and clinical risk factors in the preoperative prediction of the histological grade of IDC.

Methods: The data of 534 patients from our hospital with pathologically confirmed IDC (374 in the training cohort and 160 in the validation cohort) were retrospectively analyzed.

Reliability Evaluation of Board-Level Flip-Chip Package under Coupled Mechanical Compression and Thermal Cycling Test Conditions.

Flip Chip Ball Grid Array (FCBGA) packages, together with many other heterogeneous integration packages, are widely used in high I/O (Input/Output) density and high-performance computing applications. The thermal dissipation efficiency of such packages is often improved through the use of an external heat sink. However, the heat sink increases the solder joint inelastic strain energy density, and thus reduces the board-level thermal cycling test reliability.

The Diagnostic Potential of Circulating Autoantibodies to Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The profile of naturally occurring antibodies to amyloid-β (NAbs-Aβ) is altered in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the diagnostic potential of NAbs-Aβ for AD is not clear yet.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the diagnostic capacities of NAbs-Aβ for AD.

Modular scaffolding by lncRNA HOXA10-AS promotes oral cancer progression.

Recent findings have implicated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as pivotal gene regulators for diverse biological processes, despite their lack of protein-coding capabilities. Accumulating evidence suggests the significance of lncRNAs in mediating cell signaling pathways, especially those associated with tumorigenesis. Consequently, lncRNAs have emerged as novel functional regulators and indicators of cancer development and malignancy.

EV-miRome-wide profiling uncovers miR-320c for detecting metastatic colorectal cancer and monitoring the therapeutic response.

Purpose: Molecular composition of circulating small extracellular vesicles (EVs) does not merely reflect the cells of origin, but also is enriched in specific biomolecules directly associated with the cellular transformation. However, while most of the currently identified EV-miRs are only geared towards one-dimensional disease detection, their application for long-term tracking and treatment response monitoring has been largely elusive.

Methods: We established and optimized a rapid, sensitive and robust liquid biopsy sampling method, and further used small RNA sequencing to comprehensively catalogue EV-miRomes in association with the progression and outcome of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Cobalt-Catalyzed Cyclization of 2-Bromobenzamides with Carbodiimides: A New Route for the Synthesis of 3-(Imino)isoindolin-1-ones.

A novel synthetic pathway to approach 3-(imino)isoindolin-1-ones by the Co-catalyzed cyclization reaction of 2-bromobenzamides with carbodiimides has been developed. This catalytic reaction can tolerate a variety of substituents and provide corresponding products in moderate yields for most cases. According to the literature, the reaction mechanism is proposed through the formation of a five-membered aza-cobalacycle complex, which carries out the following reaction subsequence, including nucleophilic addition and substitution, to furnish the desired structures.

Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) has an impact on the initial healing of gingival regeneration after tooth extraction.

Objectives: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is widely used in wound healing because it contains several growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, we investigated the effects of advanced PRF (A-PRF) in early-stage gingival regeneration after tooth extraction.

Methods: Blood sample was collected from females beagle dogs (age: 12 months) before tooth extraction for A-PRF preparation.

Efficacy and safety of a parylene-coated occluder for atrial septal defect: a prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Nitinol-containing devices are widely used in clinical practice. However, there are concerns about nickel release after nitinol-containing device implantation. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of a parylene-coated occluder vs.

Mesoporous Yolk-Shell Structured Organosulfur Nanotubes with Abundant Internal Joints for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries by Kinetics Acceleration.

Although organosulfur compounds can protect lithium anodes, participate in the redox reaction, and suppress the shuttle effect, the sluggish electrochemical dynamics of their bulk structure and the notorious shuttle effect of covalent long-chain sulfurs largely impede their actual applications. Herein, sulfurized carbon nanotube@aminophenol-formaldehyde (SC@A) with covalently linked short-chain sulfurs is firstly synthesized by in situ polymerization of aminophenol-formaldehyde (AF) on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) followed by acetone etching and inverse sulfurization processes, forming mesoporous yolk-shell organosulfur nanotubes with abundant internal joints between the yolk of CNTs and the shell of sulfurized AF for the first time. In situ Raman spectra, in situ XRD patterns, and ex situ XPS spectra verify that the covalent short-chain sulfurs bring about a reversible solid-solid conversion process of sulfur, thoroughly avoiding the shuttle effect.