Helicobacter pylori-induced REDD1 modulates Th17 cell responses that contribute to gastritis.

Objective: Regulated in development and DNA damage responses-1 (REDD1) is a conserved and ubiquitous protein, which is induced in response to multiple stimuli. However, the regulation, function and clinical relevance of REDD1 in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis are presently unknown.

Approach: Immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to examine the levels of REDD1 in gastric samples from H.

L-Plastin Promotes Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis in a -ERK-SP1-Dependent Manner.

Actin cytoskeleton dynamic rearrangement is required for tumor cell metastasis and is a key characteristic of ()-infected host cells. Actin cytoskeleton modulation is coordinated by multiple actin-binding proteins (ABP). Through Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomes database, GEPIA website, and real-time PCR data, we found that infection significantly induced L-plastin, a key ABP, in gastric cancer cells.

Helicobacter pylori-Induced Rev-erbα Fosters Gastric Bacteria Colonization by Impairing Host Innate and Adaptive Defense.

Background & Aims: Rev-erbα represents a powerful transcriptional repressor involved in immunity. However, the regulation, function, and clinical relevance of Rev-erbα in Helicobacter pylori infection are presently unknown.

Methods: Rev-erbα was examined in gastric samples from H pylori-infected patients and mice.

Magnetic Nanostructure-Loaded Bicontinuous Nanospheres Support Multicargo Intracellular Delivery and Oxidation-Responsive Morphological Transitions.

Magnetic nanostructures (MNS) have a wide range of biological applications due to their biocompatibility, superparamagnetic properties, and customizable composition that includes iron oxide (FeO), Zn, and Mn. However, several challenges to the biomedical usage of MNS must still be addressed, such as formulation stability, inability to encapsulate therapeutic payloads, and variable clearance rates in vivo. Here, we enhance the utility of MNS during controlled delivery applications via encapsulation within polymeric bicontinuous nanospheres (BCNs) composed of poly(ethylene glycol)--poly(propylene sulfide) (PEG--PPS) copolymers.

Preliminary investigation of bilateral internal iliac artery ligation and anterior tumor separation through laparoscopy before posterior resection of a giant sacral tumor.

Background: Surgical is the optimal therapeutic strategy for sacral tumors, and complete resection can effectively improve the recurrence and survival rates. However, the specialized anatomy, massive bleeding and adhesion to the anterior tissue, especially that caused by giant sacral tumors, makes complete resection difficult. The laparoscopic technique provides a new method to resect sacral tumors.

Arrestin domain containing 3 promotes Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis by regulating protease-activated receptor 1.

Arrestin domain containing 3 (ARRDC3) represents a newly discovered α-arrestin involved in obesity, inflammation, and cancer. Here, we demonstrate a proinflammation role of ARRDC3 in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis. Increased ARRDC3 was detected in gastric mucosa of patients and mice infected with H.

Helicobacter pylori-induced adrenomedullin modulates IFN-γ-producing T-cell responses and contributes to gastritis.

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a multifunctional peptide that is expressed by many surface epithelial cells, but its relevance to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis is unknown. Here, we found that gastric ADM expression was elevated in gastric mucosa of H.

Upexpression of BHLHE40 in gastric epithelial cells increases CXCL12 production through interaction with p-STAT3 in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis.

BHLHE40, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family, has been reported to play an important role in inflammatory diseases. However, the regulation and function of BHLHE40 in Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)-associated gastritis is unknown. We observed that gastric BHLHE40 was significantly elevated in patients and mice with H pylori infection.

-induced matrix metallopeptidase-10 promotes gastric bacterial colonization and gastritis.

The interaction between gastric epithelium and immune response plays key roles in -associated pathology. We demonstrated a procolonization and proinflammation role of MMP-10 in infection. MMP-10 is elevated in gastric mucosa and is produced by gastric epithelial cells synergistically induced by and IL-22 via the ERK pathway.

Decreased IL-17RB expression impairs CD11bCD11c myeloid cell accumulation in gastric mucosa and host defense during the early-phase of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Interleukin-17 receptor B (IL-17RB), a member of the IL-17 receptor family activated by IL-17B/IL-17E, has been shown to be involved in inflammatory diseases. However, the regulation and function of IL-17RB in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, especially in the early-phase is still unknown.

Celastrol-loaded PEG-b-PPS nanocarriers as an anti-inflammatory treatment for atherosclerosis.

In this work, the hydrophobic small molecule NF-κB inhibitor celastrol was loaded into poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene sulfide) (PEG-b-PPS) micelles. PEG-b-PPS micelles demonstrated high loading efficiency, low polydispersity, and no morphological changes upon loading with celastrol. Encapsulation of celastrol within these nanocarriers significantly reduced cytotoxicity compared to free celastrol, while simultaneously expanding the lower concentration range for effective inhibition of NF-κB signaling by nearly 50 000-fold.

Abrogation of cathepsin C by Helicobacter pylori impairs neutrophil activation to promote gastric infection.

Cathepsin C (CtsC) functions as a central coordinator for activation of many serine proteases in immune cells. However, CtsC expression in gastric epithelial cells and its role in Helicobacter pylori infection remain unclear. Real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analyses identified that CtsC was decreased in gastric mucosa of H.

Degranulation of mast cells induced by gastric cancer-derived adrenomedullin prompts gastric cancer progression.

Mast cells are prominent components of solid tumors and exhibit distinct phenotypes in different tumor microenvironments. However, their precise mechanism of communication in gastric cancer remains largely unclear. Here, we found that patients with GC showed a significantly higher mast cell infiltration in tumors.

Altered NKp30, NKp46, NKG2D, and DNAM-1 Expression on Circulating NK Cells Is Associated with Tumor Progression in Human Gastric Cancer.

Natural killer (NK) cell activity is influenced by a complex integration of signaling pathways activated downstream of both activating and inhibitory surface receptors. The tumor microenvironment can suppress NK cell activity, and there is a great clinical interest in understanding whether modulating tumor-mediated NK cell suppression and/or boosting preexisting NK cell numbers in cancer patients is therapeutically viable. To this light, we characterized the surface receptor phenotypes of peripheral blood NK cells and examined their clinical relevance to human gastric cancer (GC).

CD45CD33CD11b myeloid-derived suppressor cells suppress CD8 T cell activity via the IL-6/IL-8-arginase I axis in human gastric cancer.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a prominent component of the pro-tumoral response. The phenotype of and mechanisms used by MDSCs is heterogeneous and requires more precise characterization in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Here, we have identified a novel subset of CD45CD33CD11b MDSCs in the peripheral blood of GC patients compared to healthy individuals.

Helicobacter pylori-induced IL-33 modulates mast cell responses, benefits bacterial growth, and contributes to gastritis.

Interleukin (IL)-induced inflammatory responses are critical for the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis. IL-33 represents a recently discovered proinflammatory cytokine involved in inflammatory diseases, but its relevance to H.

Modulation of CD8 memory stem T cell activity and glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibition enhances anti-tumoral immunity in gastric cancer.

The potential contributions of CD8 memory stem T cells to anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy responses in gastric cancer has not been demonstrated. We found that CD8 memory stem T cell frequencies were increased in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients compared to healthy donors and declined in frequency with disease progression. Despite minimal cytotoxic activity, the adoptive transfer of CD8 memory stem T cells into Rag1 tumor bearing mice enhanced tumor regression compared to CD8 central or effector memory T cell counterparts.

Immunotheranostic Polymersomes Modularly Assembled from Tetrablock and Diblock Copolymers with Oxidation-Responsive Fluorescence.

Introduction: Intracellular delivery is a key step for many applications in medicine and for investigations into cellular function. This is particularly true for immunotherapy, which often requires controlled delivery of antigen and adjuvants to the cytoplasm of immune cells. Due to the complex responses generated by the stimulation of diverse immune cell populations, it is critical to monitor which cells are targeted during treatment.

Increased tumor-infiltrating CD45RACCR7 regulatory T-cell subset with immunosuppressive properties foster gastric cancer progress.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are major components of tumor-infiltrating immune cells with potent immunosuppressive properties in gastric cancer (GC) microenvironment. However, different subsets of the Tregs and their relevance to GC are unknown. Here, we found that patients with GC showed a significantly higher Tregs infiltration in tumors, and CD45RACCR7 Treg subset constituted most tumor-infiltrating Tregs.

Facile assembly and loading of theranostic polymersomes via multi-impingement flash nanoprecipitation.

Flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) has proven to be a powerful tool for the rapid and scalable assembly of solid-core nanoparticles from block copolymers. The process can be performed using a simple confined impingement jets mixer and provides an efficient and reproducible method of loading micelles with hydrophobic drugs. To date, FNP has not been applied for the fabrication of complex or vesicular nanoarchitectures capable of encapsulating hydrophilic molecules or bioactive protein therapeutics.

Tailoring Nanostructure Morphology for Enhanced Targeting of Dendritic Cells in Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of heart disease, results from chronic vascular inflammation that is driven by diverse immune cell populations. Nanomaterials may function as powerful platforms for diagnostic imaging and controlled delivery of therapeutics to inflammatory cells in atherosclerosis, but efficacy is limited by nonspecific uptake by cells of the mononuclear phagocytes system (MPS). MPS cells located in the liver, spleen, blood, lymph nodes, and kidney remove from circulation the vast majority of intravenously administered nanomaterials regardless of surface functionalization or conjugation of targeting ligands.

Engineering nanomaterials to address cell-mediated inflammation in atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disorder with a pathophysiology driven by both innate and adaptive immunity and a primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. Vascular inflammation and accumulation of foam cells and their products induce maturation of atheromas, or plaques, which can rupture by metalloprotease action, leading to ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction. Diverse immune cell populations participate in all stages of plaque maturation, many of which directly influence plaque stability and rupture via inflammatory mechanisms.

MicroRNA-34c targets TGFB-induced factor homeobox 2, represses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

MicroRNAs (miRs) are short, non-coding RNAs with post-transcriptional regulatory functions. Previous studies have demonstrated that miR-34c is involved in diverse biological processes, including carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-34c and its target genes in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Optimal rhythm-control strategy for recurrent atrial tachycardia after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: Although catheter ablation (CA) has replaced antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) as first-line treatment in selected patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), optimal treatment of recurrent atrial tachycardia (AT) after AF ablation remains unclear. This parallel randomized controlled study compared CA vs. AAD for recurrent AT after persistent AF ablation.

[Expression and diagnosis value of Fascin in non-small cell lung cancer patients].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of Fascin protein in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: Among 110 cases of NSCLC patients and 50 cases of healthy controls, double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure the serum levels of Fascin protein, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), scales like squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, cytokeratin protein 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) precursor. Fascin-positive rate (24.