Highly Stable Electronics Based on β-GaO for Advanced Memory Applications.

Wide-bandgap (WBG) semiconductors are at the forefront of driving innovations in electronic technology, perpetuating Moore's Law and opening up new avenues for electronic devices. Although β-GaO has attracted extensive research interest in advanced electronics, its high-temperature and high-speed volatile memory applications in harsh environment has been largely overlooked. Herein, a high-performance hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)/β-GaO heterostructure junction field-effect transistor (HJFET) is fabricated, exhibiting an off-state current as low as ≈10 fA, a high on/off current ratio of ≈10, a low contact resistance of 5.

Hyperlipidaemia treatment and gut microbiology.

Numerous studies have shown that hyperlipidaemia is closely related to the gut microbiota, and the study of microbiota in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia is undoubtedly a new target for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidaemia. The efficacy of regulating the gut microecology and changing the structure of gut flora has been demonstrated by both western and traditional medication, biological therapy, and dietary exercise, so it is particularly important to study the relationship between gut microbiota and the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. In this review, we summarize the mechanism and relationship between the pathogenesis of hyperlipidaemia and gut microbiota, and the mechanism of hyperlipidaemia treatment by influencing the gut microbiota in various treatment modalities, which provides diversified therapeutic ideas and scientific basis for clinical treatment.

Rewiring of Uric Acid Metabolism in the Intestine Promotes High-Altitude Hypoxia Adaptation in Humans.

Adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia is characterized by systemic and organ-specific metabolic changes. This study investigates whether intestinal metabolic rewiring is a contributing factor to hypoxia adaptation. We conducted a longitudinal analysis over 108 days, with seven time points, examining fecal metabolomic data from a cohort of 46 healthy male adults traveling from Chongqing (a.

A Series of Ultra-low Permittivity ALaPO (A = Li, Na, K) Metaphosphate Microwave Dielectric Ceramics for Ultra-wideband Dielectric Resonant Antenna Application.

The employment of ultra-low permittivity materials in the configuration of antennas has been demonstrated to augment the antenna bandwidth and diminish signal delay effectively. This study presents three ultra-low permittivity metaphosphate microwave dielectric ceramics (MWDCs). The ALaPO (A = Li, Na, K) metaphosphate ceramics, which all belong to the monoclinic crystal system, exhibit extremely low permittivity (ε ≈ 5) and excellent quality factor (· > 10,000 GHz) at a low sintering temperature ( < 950 °C).

PXDN as a pan-cancer biomarker and promotes tumor progress via immune inhibition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Investigating oncogenes and the mechanisms driving oncogenic processes in human tumors is imperative for the development of efficient therapies. Peroxidasin (PXDN) has been reported to play a critical role in tissue development and homeostasis. However, the role of PXDN in the occurrence and development of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) remains unknown.

Domain Switching Characteristics in Ga-Doped HfO Ferroelectric Thin Films with Low Coercive Field.

The gallium-doped hafnium oxide (Ga-HfO) films with different Ga doping concentrations were prepared by adjusting the HfO/GaO atomic layer deposition cycle ratio for high-speed and low-voltage operation in HfO-based ferroelectric memory. The Ga-HfO ferroelectric films reveal a finely modulated coercive field () from 1.1 (HfO/GaO = 32:1) to an exceptionally low 0.

Mitogenome evidence shows two radiation events and dispersals of matrilineal ancestry from northern coastal China to the Americas and Japan.

Although it is widely recognized that the ancestors of Native Americans (NAs) primarily came from Siberia, the link between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineage D4h3a (typical of NAs) and D4h3b (found so far only in East China and Thailand) raises the possibility that the ancestral sources for early NAs were more variegated than hypothesized. Here, we analyze 216 contemporary (including 106 newly sequenced) D4h mitogenomes and 39 previously reported ancient D4h data. The results reveal two radiation events of D4h in northern coastal China, one during the Last Glacial Maximum and the other within the last deglaciation, which facilitated the dispersals of D4h sub-branches to different areas including the Americas and the Japanese archipelago.

Species Richness of Papilionidae Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Hengduan Mountains and Its Future Shifts under Climate Change.

The family of Papilionidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) is a group of butterflies with high ecological and conservation value. The Hengduan Mountains (HMDs) in Southwest China is an important diversity centre for these butterflies. However, the spatial distribution pattern and the climate vulnerability of Papilionidae butterflies in the HDMs remain unknown to date.

The Relationship Between Serum Netrin-1 Expression Levels and Prognosis in Revascularized Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum netrin-1 expression levels and acute prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 24 hours after revascularization.

Methods: A total of 121 revascularized patients admitted to the Jinshan Branch of the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, China, between July 2019 and July 2021 were selected as study subjects. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score three months after revascularization: patients with an mRS score >2 were classified into the unfavorable prognosis group and others into the favorable prognosis group.

Effective Suppression of MIS Interface Defects Using Boron Nitride toward High-Performance Ta-Doped-β-GaO MISFETs.

β-GaO is considered an attractive candidate for next-generation high-power electronics due to its large band gap of 4.9 eV and high breakdown electrical field of 8 MV/cm. However, the relatively low carrier concentration and low electron mobility in the β-GaO-based device limit its application.

A Heterostructured Graphene Quantum Dots/β-GaO Solar-Blind Photodetector with Enhanced Photoresponsivity.

The superior optical and electronic characteristics of quasi-two-dimensional β-GaO make it suitable for solar-blind (200-280 nm) photodetectors (PDs). The metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) PDs commonly suffer from low photoresponsivity, slow response speed, and a narrow detection wavelength range despite their simple fabrication process. Herein, we report a high-performance MSM PD by integrating exfoliated β-GaO flakes with zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which exhibits the advantages of enhancing the photoresponsivity, shortening the photoresponse time, and stimulating a broad range of photon detection.

Complete mitogenomes document substantial genetic contribution from the Eurasian Steppe into northern Pakistani Indo-Iranian speakers.

To elucidate whether Bronze Age population dispersals from the Eurasian Steppe to South Asia contributed to the gene pool of Indo-Iranian-speaking groups, we analyzed 19,568 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from northern Pakistani and surrounding populations, including 213 newly generated mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from Iranian and Dardic groups, both speakers from the ancient Indo-Iranian branch in northern Pakistan. Our results showed that 23% of mtDNA lineages with west Eurasian origin arose in situ in northern Pakistan since ~5000 years ago (kya), a time depth very close to the documented Indo-European dispersals into South Asia during the Bronze Age. Together with ancient mitogenomes from western Eurasia since the Neolithic, we identified five haplogroups (~8.

Dual-gate MoSphototransistor with atomic-layer-deposited HfOas top-gate dielectric for ultrahigh photoresponsivity.

An asymmetric dual-gate (DG) MoSfield-effect transistor (FET) with ultrahigh electrical performance and optical responsivity using atomic-layer-deposited HfOas a top-gate (TG) dielectric was fabricated and investigated. The effective DG modulation of the MoSFET exhibited an outstanding electrical performance with a high on/off current ratio of 6 × 10. Furthermore, a large threshold voltage modulation could be obtained from -20.

Exploring European ancestry among the Kalash population: a mitogenomic perspective.

With a population of around 4 000 individuals, the Kalash people have been living in the Hindu-Kush mountain valleys of present-day northern Pakistan for centuries. Due to their mysterious origin and fairer European complexion, the genetic history of this ethnic group has been investigated previously using different markers. To date, however, the maternal genetic architecture has not been systematically dissected based on high-resolution complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes), making their maternal genetic history, especially their genetic connection with Europeans from a matrilineal perspective, unclear.

Neolithic millet farmers contributed to the permanent settlement of the Tibetan Plateau by adopting barley agriculture.

The permanent human settlement of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been suggested to have been facilitated by the introduction of barley agriculture ∼3.6 kilo-years ago (ka). However, how barley agriculture spread onto the TP remains unknown.

River Valleys Shaped the Maternal Genetic Landscape of Han Chinese.

A general south-north genetic divergence has been observed among Han Chinese in previous studies. However, these studies, especially those on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), are based either on partial mtDNA sequences or on limited samples. Given that Han Chinese comprise the world's largest population and reside around the whole China, whether the north-south divergence can be observed after all regional populations are considered remains unknown.

Construction of Bispirooxindole Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Formal [3 + 2]-Cycloaddition of Spirovinylcyclopropyl Oxindole and 3-Oxindole Derivatives.

A palladium-catalyzed ring-opening oxo-formal [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of novel donor-acceptor spirovinylcyclopropyl oxindole with 3-oxindole is described. The developed protocol provides facile access to oxo-bispirooxindole derivatives in good yields (up to 82% yield) with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 20:1 dr).