[The Role of NK Cells in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Micro-Transplantation for Acute Myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To explore the role of NK cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell micro-transplantation(MST) in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).

Methods: Data from 93 AML patients treated with MST at our center from 2013-2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The induction regimen was anthracycline and cytarabine combined with peripheral blood stem cells transplantation mobilization by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GPBSC), followed by 2-4 courses of intensive treatment with medium to high doses of cytarabine combined with GPBSC after achieving complete remission (CR).

Dual-plasmonic Au@CuS yolk@shell nanocrystals for photocatalytic hydrogen production across visible to near infrared spectral region.

Near infrared energy remains untapped toward the maneuvering of entire solar spectrum harvesting for fulfilling the nuts and bolts of solar hydrogen production. We report the use of Au@CuS yolk@shell nanocrystals as dual-plasmonic photocatalysts to achieve remarkable hydrogen production under visible and near infrared illumination. Ultrafast spectroscopic data reveal the prevalence of long-lived charge separation states for Au@CuS under both visible and near infrared excitation.

[Efficacy and Prognostic Factors of Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and complications of our institution's modified nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (NST) in treating intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) - first complete remission (CR1) and prognostic factors.

Methods: Clinical data of 50 intermediate-risk AML-CR1 patients who underwent matched related NST at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from August 2004 to April 2021 were collected, the hematopoietic recovery, donor engraftment and complications were observed, and overall survival (OS) rate, leukemia-free survival (LFS) rate, treatment-related mortality (TRM), and cumulative relapse rate were calculated. Statistical analysis of factors affecting prognosis was also preformed.

[Analysis on Cellular Immune Function Recovery after HLA Mismatched Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Micro-Transp- lantation in Elderly AML Patients].

Objective: To investigate the recovery of cellular immunity in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after micro-transplantation (MST) and the changes of cellular immunity during relapse, as well as their clinical significance.

Methods: A total of 41 elderly AML patients who received MST treatment in a single center and 25 healthy elderly people were included. Immune function among different age groups in normal population was compared.

Adipokines regulate mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various tissue cell types including bone, adipose, cartilage, and muscle. Among those, osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has been widely explored in many bone tissue engineering studies. Moreover, the conditions and methods of inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs are continuously advancing.

Hematopoietic stem cell microtransplantation in patients aged over 70 with acute myeloid leukemia: a multicenter study.

In the era of molecular targeted drugs, elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are still very difficult to treat, especially those older than 70 years. The decline in immune function leads to serious infection and disease recurrence. The microtransplant treatment regimen (MST) chemotherapy combined with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell infusion is a new cell therapy regimen.

Mechanisms of Thymic Repair of In Vitro-Induced Precursor T Cells as a Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Regimen.

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) is currently an effective treatment for malignant hematologic disease, but the immune deficiency and severe infection triggered by slow immune reconstitution are the main causes of high mortality and transplant failure. One of these outstanding problems is thymus damage, which is associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and preconditioning including irradiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, rapid repair of damaged thymus and rapid proliferation of thymus-derived donor T cells post-transplantation are key to solving the problem.

Zhang-Rice singlets state formed by two-step oxidation for triggering water oxidation under operando conditions.

The production of ecologically compatible fuels by electrochemical water splitting is highly desirable for modern industry. The Zhang-Rice singlet is well known for the superconductivity of high-temperature superconductors cuprate, but is rarely known for an electrochemical catalyst. Herein, we observe two steps of surface reconstruction from initial catalytic inactive Cu in hydrogen treated CuO to Cu state and further to catalytic active Zhang-Rice singlet state during the oxygen evolution reaction for water splitting.

[Immunophenotypic Features and Clinical Prognosis of Patients with Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the laborotary test results and clinical data of 31 patients with mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) in order to summarize and discuss the biological characteristics, curative effect, and prognosis of each subtype of MPAL based on immunophenotype results.

Methods: MPAL patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital from July 2013 to January 2019 were selected to analyze the data of cell morphology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, molecular biology (MICM), and routine blood at initial diagnosis. Follow-up was carried out until the last discharge time.

Ligand-Promoted Cooperative Electrochemical Oxidation of Bio-Alcohol on Distorted Cobalt Hydroxides for Bio-Hydrogen Extraction.

Hydrogen is increasingly viewed as a game-changer in the clean energy sector. Renewable hydrogen production from water is industrialized by integrating water electrolysis and renewable electricity, but the current cost of water-born hydrogen remains high though. An ideal scenario would be to produce value-added chemicals along with hydrogen so the cost can be partially offset.

4D spatiotemporal modulation of biomolecules distribution in anisotropic corrugated microwrinkles via electrically manipulated microcapsules within hierarchical hydrogel for spinal cord regeneration.

Although traditional 3D scaffolds or biomimetic hydrogels have been used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, soft tissue microenvironment usually has a highly anisotropic structure and a dynamically controllable deformation with various biomolecule distribution. In this study, we developed a hierarchical hybrid gelatin methacrylate-microcapsule hydrogel (HGMH) with Neurotrophin-3(NT-3)-loaded PLGA microcapsules to fabricate anisotropic structure with patterned NT-3 distribution (demonstrated as striped and triangular patterns) by dielectrophoresis (DEP). The HGMH provides a dynamic biomimetic sinuate-microwrinkles change with NT-3 spatial gradient and 2-stage time-dependent distribution, which was further simulated using a 3D finite element model.

Comparative study of micro-transplantation from HLA fully mismatched unrelated and partly matched related donors in acute myeloid leukemia.

Micro-transplantation (MST) by chemotherapy, combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cell (GPBSC) infusion, from an HLA partial matched related donor has shown some encouraging effective therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the outcome of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) fully mismatched unrelated donor-derived MST in such patients is still unknown. In the present study, we compared the efficacy of HLA fully mismatched unrelated donor-derived MST, and partly matched related donor-derived MST, in AML of 126 patients from two centers in China, These patients, aged 16 to 65 years, were given three or four courses of MST, which consisted of a high dosage cytarabine followed by GPBSC from unrelated donor or related donor.

Donor Selection in HLA-Mismatched Hematopoietic Stem Cell Microtransplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

To remedy the lack of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors and address the problems bedeviling traditional allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation which induces the resultant graft-versus-host disease, we designed a scheme called HLA-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell microtransplantation (MST) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), where encouraging results were achieved. In providing answers to such questions as how to select the donors of MST and which factors were involved in the outcome of MST. One hundred thirty-one AML patients from four centers with lower or standard risk of prognosis after complete remission were given three courses of MST: high dose of cytarabine plus infusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilized peripheral blood stem cells from HLA-mismatched donors.

Structural and Electronic Optimization of MoS Edges for Hydrogen Evolution.

The activity and accessibility of MoS edge sites are critical to deliver high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) efficiency. Here, a porous carbon network confining ultrasmall N-doped MoS nanocrystals (N-MoS/CN) is fabricated by a self-templating strategy, which realizes synergistically structural and electronic modulations of MoS edges. Experiments and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the N dopants could activate MoS edges for HER, while the porous carbon network could deliver high accessibility of the active sites from N-MoS nanocrystals.

Sandwich-Nanostructured n-CuO/AuAg/p-CuO Photocathode with Highly Positive Onset Potential for Improved Water Reduction.

An n-CuO layer formed a high-quality buried junction with p-CuO to increase the photovoltage and thus to shift the turn-on voltage positively. Mott-Schottky measurements confirmed that the improvement benefited from a positive shift in flat-band potential. The obtained extremely positive onset potential, 0.

Two-Dimensional Cobalt Phosphate Hydroxide Nanosheets: A New Type of High-Performance Electrocatalysts with Intrinsic CoO Lattice Distortion for Water Oxidation.

Despite the recent advances in electrochemical water splitting, developing cost-effective and highly efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) still remains a substantial challenge. Herein, two-dimensional cobalt phosphate hydroxides (Co(PO)(OH)) nanosheets, a unique stacking-disordered phosphate-based inorganic material, are successfully prepared via a facile and scalable method for the first time to serve as a superior and robust electrocatalyst for water oxidation. On the basis of the detailed characterization (e.

MEKK1, JNK, and SMAD3 mediate CXCL12-stimulated connective tissue growth factor expression in human lung fibroblasts.

Background: In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the interaction of CXCL12 and CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4) plays a critical role in lung fibrosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) overexpression underlies the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Our previous report showed that the Rac1-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and activator protein (AP)-1 pathways are involved in CXCL12-generated CTGF expression in human lung fibroblasts (WI-38).

HLA-Mismatched Microtransplant in Older Patients Newly Diagnosed With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Results From the Microtransplantation Interest Group.

Importance: The outcome of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unsatisfactory. Recent studies have shown that HLA-mismatched microtransplant could improve outcomes in such patients.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes in different age groups among older patients with newly diagnosed AML who receive HLA-mismatched microtransplant.

[Biological characteristics of Microvesicles Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Capacities Supporting ex vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem Cells].

Objective: To explore the biological characteristics of microvesicles(MV) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) and their capability supporting ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells(HSC).

Methods: The MV from cultured BM-MSC supernatant were isolated by multi-step differential velocity contrifugation; the morphological characteristics of MV were observed by electron microscopy with negative staining of samples; the protein level in MV was detected by using Micro-BCA method; the surface markers on MV were analyzed by flow cytometry. The peripheral blood HSC(PB-HSC) were isolated after culture and mobilization; the experiment was diveded into 2 group: in MV group, the 10 mg/L MV was given, while in control group, the same volume of PBS was given; the change of PB-HSC count was observed by cell counting; the change of surface markers on PB-HSC was detected dynamically by flow cytometry; the cell colony culture was used to determin the function change of PB-HSC after co-culture with MV.

[Significance of Monitoring Minimal Residual Disease by Flow Cytometry in Acute Leukemia Patients Underwent Nonmyeloablative Allo-HSCT].

Objective: To explore the value of dynamically monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) by flow cytometry before and after non-myeloablative allo-HSCT (NST) for prediction of acute leukemia(AL) relapse after transplantation.

Methods: The clinical data of 51 AL patients underwent NST were analyzed retrospectively in Department of Hematology of Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences from January 2011 to December 2015. All AL patients achieved the morphologic complete remission of bone marrow before transplantation.

[Effect of Infusion of Recipient Spleen Cells at Different Time after Murine Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation on Graft Versus Host Disease].

Objective: To explore the effect of infusing G-CSF mobilized recipient spleen cells at different time after haploidentical stem cell transplantation(HSCT) on graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in mice and its possible mechanism.

Methods: Forty mice after HSCT were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): GVHD positive control group (control group), 1st d recipient cell infusion group after transplantation (+1 d group), 4th d recipient cell infusion group after transplantation(+4 d group), 7th d recipient cell infusion group after transplantation(+7 d group). The mice in control group were injected the normal saline of same equivalent with experimental group which were given the same amount of G-CSF-mobilized recipient spleen cells.

[Biological Characteristics of Microvesicles Secreted by Human Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of microvesicles(MV) isolated from human peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells(PB-HSC) on immune regulation and hematopoiesis.

Methods: PB-HSCs were separated by density-gradient centrifugation and cultrued. The supernatants of PB-HSC at 48 h were harvested for isolation and purification of MV by using ultracentrifugation.

Identification of anti-HBV activities in Andr. using GRP78 as a drug target on Herbochip.

Background: Herbochip technology is a high throughput drug screening platform in a reverse screening manner, in which potential chemical leads in herbal extracts are immobilized and drug target proteins can be used as probes for screening process [BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2015) 15:146]. While herbal medicines represent an ideal reservoir for drug screenings, here a molecular chaperone GRP78 is demonstrated to serve as a potential target for antiviral drug discovery.

Methods: We cloned and expressed a truncated but fully functional form of human GRP78 (hGRP78) and used it as a probe for anti-HBV drug screening on herbochips.

[Establishment of Mouse Model of H-2 Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation from Double Donors].

Objective: To establish a new mouse model of H-2 haploidentical stem cell transplantation from double donors (DHSCT) and compare with conventional haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) so as to alleviate transplant-related complications.

Methods: The recipients CB6F1 of conventional HSCT group were pretreated by 8 Gy total body irradiation(TBI), and received 3×10 donor (male C57) spleen mononuclear cells (spMNC) mobilized by G-CSF within 2 hours after TBI. Recipients CB6F1 of D-HSCT groups accepted 2 Gy TBI, and received total 12×10 spMNC mobilized by G-CSF from 2 donors within 2 hours after TBI, each donor donated 6×10 cells.