Gemmobacter lanyuensis sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater spring.

A bacterial strain designated Orc-4(T) was isolated from a freshwater spring in Taiwan and characterized using the polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain Orc-4(T) were facultatively anaerobic, Gram-reaction-negative, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, non-motile rods surrounded by a thick capsule and forming cream-white colonies. Growth occurred at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-30 °C), at pH 6.

Fluviimonas pallidilutea gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Cytophagaceae isolated from a freshwater river.

A bacterial strain designated TQQ6(T) was isolated from a freshwater river in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain TQQ6(T) were strictly aerobic, Gram-staining-negative, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-containing, non-motile, non-spore-forming, long rods surrounded by a thick capsule and forming pale orange colonies. Growth occurred at 20-40 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 7.

Sphingobium sufflavum sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater lake.

A Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming and aerobic bacterial strain, designated HL-25(T), was isolated and characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate constituted a distinct branch within the genus Sphingobium, showing the highest level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Sphingobium vulgare HU1-GD12(T) (96.6 %).

Sphingobium fontiphilum sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater spring.

To investigate the biodiversity of bacteria in the spring water of the Chengcing Lake Park in Taiwan, a Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming and aerobic bacterial strain, designated strain Chen16-4(T), was isolated and characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the closest relatives of strain Chen16-4(T) were Sphingobium amiense YT(T), Sphingobium yanoikuyae GIFU 9882(T) and Sphingobium scionense WP01(T), with sequence similarities of 97.6, 97.

Jeongeupia chitinilytica sp. nov., a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from soil.

A novel bacterium, designated strain Jchi(T), was isolated from soil in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain Jchi(T) were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile and rod-shaped. They contained poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules and formed dark-yellow colonies.