Red fluorescent AIE bioprobes with a large Stokes shift for droplet-specific imaging and fatty liver diagnosis.

Lipid droplets (LDs) as spherical dynamic subcellular organelles, play an important role in various cellular functions such as protein degradation, lipid metabolism, energy storage, signal transduction, and membrane formation. Abnormal function of LDs will lead to a series of diseases and hence monitoring the status of LDs is particularly important. In this study, we synthesized a water-insoluble red fluorescent emitting small molecule fluorescent probe (TPE-TCF), which exhibited aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties and enabled highly selective real-time imaging of LDs (Pearson's R value was 0.

Self-Produced O CNs-Based Nanocarriers of DNA Hydrophobization Strategy Triggers Photodynamic and Mitochondrial-Derived Ferroptosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Combined Treatment.

Hypoxia can aggravate tumor occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis, and greatly inhibit the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect. Herein, carbon nitride (CNs)-based DNA and photosensitizer co-delivery systems (BPSCNs) with oxygen-producing functions are developed to address this problem. Selenide glucose (Seglu) is used as the dopant to prepare red/NIR-active CNs (SegluCNs).

Electrochemical Dehydrogenative [3 + 2]/[5 + 2] Annulation of -Arylacrylamides with γ,σ-Unsaturated Malonates via Direct C(sp)-H/C(sp)-H Functionalization.

Herein, we introduce an electrochemical dehydrogenative [3 + 2]/[5 + 2] annulation of easily available -arylacrylamides with γ,σ-unsaturated malonates through C(sp)-H/C(sp)-H functionalization. The employment of inexpensive ferrocene as the redox catalyst allows access to diverse benzo[]azepin-2-ones in moderate to excellent yields without stoichiometric oxidants. This protocol features broad substrate scope and excellent selectivity, and mechanistic studies indicated that the reaction proceeded through the oxidation of a C(sp)-H bond to generate an alkyl radical, radical addition across the C═C bond, [3 + 2]/[5 + 2] annulations, and C(sp)-H functionalization cascades.

Aggregation-Induced Emission CN-Based Nanoparticles to Alleviate Hypoxic Liver Fibrosis via Triggering HSC Ferroptosis and Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy.

Hypoxia can lead to liver fibrosis and severely limits the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, carbon nitride (CN)-based hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) VPSGCNs@TSI for light-driven water splitting were utilized to solve this problem. CNs were doped with selenide glucose (Se-glu) to enhance their red/NIR region absorption.

A novel GSK3β inhibitor 5n attenuates acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality caused by various factor. The specific strategies for AKI are still lacking. GSK3β is widely expressed in the kidneys.

Activation and Denitrosylation of Procaspase-3 in KA-induced Excitotoxicity.

Background: It has been reported that activation of glutamate kainate receptor subunit 2 (GluK2) subunit-containing glutamate receptors and the following Fas ligand(FasL) up-regulation, caspase-3 activation, result in delayed apoptosis-like neuronal death in hippocampus CA1 subfield after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Nitric oxide-mediated S-nitrosylation might inhibit the procaspase activation, whereas denitrosylation might contribute to cleavage and activation of procaspases.

Objectives: The study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying procaspase-3 denitrosylation and activation following kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity in rat hippocampus.

Carbon Nitride-Based siRNA Vectors with Self-Produced O Effects for Targeting Combination Therapy of Liver Fibrosis via HIF-1α-Mediated TGF-β1/Smad Pathway.

Hypoxia is an important feature, which can upregulate the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression and promote the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), leading to liver fibrosis. Currently, effective treatment for liver fibrosis is extremely lacking. Herein, a safe and effective method is established to downregulate the expression of HIF-1α in HSCs via targeted delivery of VA-PEG-modified CNs-based nanosheets-encapsulated (VA-PEG-CN@GQDs) HIF-1α small interfering RNA (HIF-1α-siRNA).

Differentially expressed genes in head kidney of following challenge.

The yellow catfish () is a freshwater fish with high economic value in eastern China. Nevertheless, pathogens causing bacterial diseases in have brought about huge economic loss and high mortality in artificial aquaculture. For disease control, it is critical to further understand the immune system of yellow catfish and immune-related genes with which they respond to pathogenic infections.

scmA-seq reveals single-cell landscapes of the dynamic mA during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development.

N-methyladenosine (mA) has been demonstrated to regulate RNA metabolism and various biological processes, including gametogenesis and embryogenesis. However, the landscape and function of mA at single cell resolution have not been extensively studied in mammalian oocytes or during pre-implantation. In this study, we developed a single-cell mA sequencing (scmA-seq) method to simultaneously profile the mA methylome and transcriptome in single oocytes/blastomeres of cleavage-stage embryos.

MiR-149-5p: An Important miRNA Regulated by Competing Endogenous RNAs in Diverse Human Cancers.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) consist of a large family of small, non-coding RNAs with the ability to result in gene silencing post-transcriptionally. With recent advances in research technology over the past several years, the physiological and pathological potentials of miRNAs have been gradually uncovered. MiR-149-5p, a conserved miRNA, was found to regulate physiological processes, such as inflammatory response, adipogenesis and cell proliferation.

Stratifin promotes renal dysfunction in ischemic and nephrotoxic AKI mouse models via enhancing RIPK3-mediated necroptosis.

Stratifin (SFN) is a member of the 14-3-3 family of highly conserved soluble acidic proteins, which regulates a variety of cellular activities such as cell cycle, cell growth and development, cell survival and death, and gene transcription. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is prevalent disorder characterized by inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and programmed cell death in renal tubular epithelial cells, but there is still a lack of effective therapeutic target for AKI. In this study, we investigated the role of SFN in AKI and the underlying mechanisms.

Rutaecarpine derivative Cpd-6c alleviates acute kidney injury by targeting PDE4B, a key enzyme mediating inflammation in cisplatin nephropathy.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), characterized by a rapid decline in renal function, is triggered by an acute inflammatory response that leads to kidney damage. An effective treatment for AKI is lacking. Using in vitro and in vivo AKI models, our laboratory has identified a series of anti-inflammatory molecules and their derivatives.

Characterization of the mitochondrial genomes of two toads, (Anura: Bufonidae) and (Anura: Bufonidae), with phylogenetic and selection pressure analyses.

Mitogenomes are useful in analyzing phylogenetic relationships and also appear to influence energy metabolism, thermoregulation and osmoregulation. Much evidence has accumulated for positive selection acting on mitochondrial genes associated with environmental adaptation. Hence, the mitogenome is a likely target for environmental selection.

Smad3 promotes AKI sensitivity in diabetic mice via interaction with p53 and induction of NOX4-dependent ROS production.

The incidence and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) is increased yearly in diabetic patients. Although the mechanisms for this remain unclear, the prevention of AKI in diabetic nephropathy is feasible and of value. As we detected highly activation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling in both human biopsy and mouse model of diabetic nephropathy, we hypothesized that Smad3 activation in diabetic kidneys may increase AKI sensitivity.

Age is not a barrier to good outcomes following ambulatory high ligation and stripping for varicose veins: A prospective cohort study.

This was a prospective cohort study with a short-term follow-up. To explore whether age is a factor in the prognosis following high ligation and stripping (HLS) performed in an ambulatory care center. This study included 170 patients who underwent their first HLS for varicose veins in an ambulatory center from November 2016 to October 2017 at West China Hospital.

RIPK1 inhibitor Cpd-71 attenuates renal dysfunction in cisplatin-treated mice via attenuating necroptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a destructive clinical condition induced by multiple insults including ischemic reperfusion, nephrotoxic drugs and sepsis. It is characterized by a sudden decline in renal function, in addition to excessive inflammation, oxidative stress and programmed cell death of renal tubular epithelial cells. RIPK1-mediated necroptosis plays an important role in AKI.

Paricalcitol accelerates BACE1 lysosomal degradation and inhibits calpain-1 dependent neuronal loss in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Background: Recent studies have revealed that vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and vitamin D supplementation may be effective strategy to ameliorate the neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer's disease patients. Paricalcitol (PAL), a low-calcemic vitamin D receptor agonist, is clinically used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, the potential application of PAL for treating neurodegenerative disorders remains unexplored.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Anura: Dicroglossidae) and its phylogeny.

The mitochondrial genome of is a circular molecule of 17,650 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 23 tRNA genes (including an extra tRNA-Met), and the control region. The AT content of the whole genome is 56.9%.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the hybrid of (♀)× (♂) and its phylogeny.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the hybrid of (♀) ×  (♂) was obtained in this study. The circular mitochondrial genome was 20,282 bp in length (including extra ND5 genes). Compared with the complete mitogenome of the parents, the results indicated that the mitochondria of the hybrid tiger frog was consistent with a maternal inheritance.

Host-Guest Self-Assembly Toward Reversible Thermoresponsive Switching for Bacteria Killing and Detachment.

A facile method to construct reversible thermoresponsive switching for bacteria killing and detachment was currently developed by host-guest self-assembly of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and adamantane (Ad). Ad-terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (Ad-PNIPAM) and Ad-terminated poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (Ad-PMT) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization, and then assembled onto the surface of β-CD grafted silicon wafer (SW-CD) by simply immersing SW-CD into a mixed solution of Ad-PNIPAM and Ad-PMT, thus forming a thermoresponsive surface (SW-PNIPAM/PMT). Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and water contact angle (WCA) analysis were used to characterize the surface of SW-PNIPAM/PMT.