Voltage-gated sodium channel gene mutation and P450 gene expression are associated with the resistance of Patch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to lambda-cyhalothrin.

Patch is one of the most economically important tree fruit pests worldwide. The pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin is commonly used to control . In this 2-year study, we quantified the resistance level of to lambda-cyhalothrin in different regions of the Shaanxi province, China.

Seasonal dynamics of soil nitrogen mineralization and their influencing factors during shrub anthropogenic introduction in desert steppe.

We selected enclosed grassland, grazed grassland and shrublands with different planting years (3, 12, 22 years)/densities (intervals of 2, 6, 40 m) to investigate soil N mineralization dynamics in the growing season (April-October) and its influencing factors during the process of desert steppe-degradation-shrub introduction. The results showed that soil moisture at 0-200 cm layer was decreased with increases of shrub age and density, and that the variations of soil moisture at 0-10 cm layer coincided with seasonal change. Compared with grazed grassland and enclosed grassland, the positive effect of shrubs on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents first increased and then decreased with the increases of age and density.

[Soil organic carbon dynamics and the prediction of their spatial changes in response to anthropogenically introduced shrub encroachment in desert steppe of the Eastern Ningxia, China.].

With the 14-year enclosed grassland and the grazed grassland as control, the impacts of anthropogenic shrublands (Caragana korshinskii) with the different planting years (3, 12, 22 a) and planting spaces (2, 8, 40 m) on soil organic carbon (SOC) contents were examined in the desert steppe of Eastern Ningxia, China. We further analyzed the spatial pattern and heterogeneity of SOC in 0-40 cm soil layer of the grassland area with introduced shrubs. The results showed that SOC in C.

[Spatial heterogeneity of soil water content under introduced shrub (Caragana korshinskii) in desert grassland of the eastern Ningxia, China].

Combined with geographic information system (GIS) data, the spatial heterogeneity of soil water in the 0-200 cm soil layer of the desert steppe with the introduction of the shrub Caragana korshinskii in eastern Ningxia was studied by classical statistical and geostatistical methods. It was found that the soil water content of each soil layer in the 0-200 cm profile was relatively low, ranging from 0.6% to 19.

Large-diameter compression arteries as a possible facilitating factor for trigeminal neuralgia: analysis of axial and radial diffusivity.

Background: Neurovascular compression (NVC) of the trigeminal nerve is associated with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Some arteries that compress the trigeminal nerve are large, while others are small. This study evaluated the influence of diameter of compression arteries (DCA) on NVC with and without TN using axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Field trial of a quantum secured 10 Gb/s DWDM transmission system over a single installed fiber.

We present results from the first field-trial of a quantum-secured DWDM transmission system, in which quantum key distribution (QKD) is combined with 4 × 10 Gb/s encrypted data and transmitted simultaneously over 26 km of field installed fiber. QKD is used to frequently refresh the key for AES-256 encryption of the 10 Gb/s data traffic. Scalability to over 40 DWDM channels is analyzed.

[Diagnostic value of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (Anti-CCP) antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Anti-CCP antibodies were detected in the serum samples of 120 RA patients, 71 non-RA patients with various rheumatic diseases, and 50 normal controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using domestic and imported commercial detection kits. Rheumatoid factors (RF) were assayed by immune-nephelometry.