Life cycle assessment of rice bran oil production: a case study in China.

Environmental problems caused by the food processing industry have always been one of the concerns for the public. Herein, for the first time, a gate-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was employed to evaluate the environmental impact of rice bran oil production. Four subsystems, namely, transportation of the raw rice bran to oil factory, crude oil extraction, oil refining, and oil storage, were established.

[Protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from Bidens bipinnata on hepatocyte damage induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress].

To explore the protective effect and mechanism of ethyl acetate extract from Bidens bipinnata on hepatocyte damage induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Tunicamycin was used to establish the damage model in L02 cells. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) colorimetric assay was used to investigate the survival rate of ethyl acetate extract from B.

Cytotoxic nor-dammarane triterpenes from Viburnum hainanense Merr. et Chun.

Five new nor-dammarane triterpenes, 12β-O-acetyl-17β-hydoxy-3,15-dioxo-20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (1), 12β-hydoxy-17β-methoxy-3,15-dioxo-20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (2), 12β-O-acetyl-3,15-dioxo-17-en-20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (3), 12β-hydoxy-15α-O-acetyl-3-oxo-17-en-20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (4) and 3β-hydoxy-17-oxo-12-en-20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (5), were obtained from the ethanol extract of the whole plants of Viburnum hainanense Merr. et Chun. Structural elucidation of all the compounds was performed by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV, and HRESIMS.