Immunomodulatory molecules in colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. According to clinical diagnosis and treatment, liver metastasis occurs in approximately 50 % of CRC patients, indicating a poor prognosis. The unique immune tolerance of the liver fosters an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).

Causal relationship between obesity, lifestyle factors and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity (waist circumference, body mass index (BMI)) and lifestyle factors (dietary habits, smoking, alcohol drinking, Sedentary behavior) have been associated with risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in observational studies, but whether these associations are causal is unclear.

Methods: We performed a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study to evaluate these associations. Genetic instruments associated with exposures at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10) were selected from corresponding genome-wide associations studies (n = 216,590 to 1,232,091 individuals).

The causal association between smoking, alcohol consumption and risk of bladder cancer: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with bladder cancer risk in observational studies. We conducted a two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine whether those associations are causal. We used 21, 126, 360, 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for number of cigarettes per day, lifetime smoking index, smoking initiation, and drinks per week, respectively.

Comparison on the Efficacy and Safety of Different Surgical Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia With Volume >60 mL: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 10 different surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with volume >60 mL. A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) within a Bayesian framework was performed. A total of 52 parallel-group RCTs included, reporting on 6,947 participants, comparing open prostatectomy (OP), monopolar/bipolar transurethral resection of prostate (monopolar/ bipolar TURP), thulium, holmium and diode laser enucleation of prostate (LEP), bipolar enucleation of prostate, potassium titanyl phosphate laser vaporization of prostate (KTP LVP), bipolar vaporization of prostate (bipolar VP), and laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (laparoscope SP).

Analysis of the Status and Trends of Chinese Clinical Practice Guideline Development Between 2010 and 2020: A Systematic Review.

This study aimed to systematically review the status and trends of Chinese clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) during the time period 2010-2020 and explore their methodological characteristics. Then, based on the strengths and weaknesses in development, offer several recommendations for the quality improvement which will serve as a reference for the users and developers of CPG. With the development of evidence-based medicine (EBM), the CPGs play an increasingly important role in healthcare decision-making both in China and worldwide.

Association of Hypertension with Severity and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A Single-centered, Retrospective Study.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide.

Objective: To investigate the association between hypertension and severity/mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China.

Methods: A total of 337 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at the Seventh Hospital of Wuhan City, from January 20 to February 25, 2020, were enrolled and analyzed in a retrospective, single-center case study.

Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits FI-RSV Vaccine-enhanced Inflammation Through Regulating Th Responses.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of respiratory disease in infants. The formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine resulted in an enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) in infants upon natural RSV infection, which is a major obstacle for development of safe and efficacious vaccines. Excessive and uncontrolled Th immune responses could be involved in the ERD.

RNA interference of a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene reveals its roles during larval-pupal metamorphosis in Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Trehalose is the major blood sugar in insects, which plays a crucial role as an instant source of energy and the starting substrate for chitin biosynthesis. In insects, trehalose is synthesized by catalysis of an important enzyme, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS). In the present study, a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene from Bactrocera minax (BmTPS) was cloned and characterized.

[Immunoglobulin expression in colon cancer cell line HT-29 and its biological activities].

Objective: To determine the expression of immunoglobulins in HT-29 cells (an established colon cancer cell line, and explore their effect on the biological activities of the cancer cells.)

Methods: The transcripts of variable regions of immunoglobulin heavy chains in HT-29 cells were detected by RT-PCR. Antisense CDR3 (specific to HT-29)-pIRES 1 neo vector was constructed, then transfected into HT-29 cells by electroporation.

[The effect of polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide on the immunosuppression property of culture supernatant of S180 cells].

Aim: To investigate the effect of polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide (PUPS) on the immunosuppression property of tumor cell line S180 culture supernatant.

Methods: The inhibitory effects of the culture supernatant of S180 cells in the presence or absence of PUPS on the ConA-induced mouse splenocyte proliferation, IL-2 production, killer activity and the reactivity of CTLL-2 cells to IL-2 were detected by MTT colorimetry. The effect of the culture supernatant on the IL-2Ralpha expression on murine splenocytes was detected by flow cytometry.

[Comparative study of genital tract infection in patients with tubal pregnancy].

Objective: To investigate the effects of genital tract ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on tubal pregnancy.

Methods: One hundred and twenty eight women with tubal pregnancy (study group) and 50 women with ovarian cysts and without tubal pregnancy (control group) were recruited in this study. Cervical secretion and salpinx tissue samples were collected to detect UU, CT and CMV DNA using PCR.