Achieving efficient autotrophic nitrogen removal in anaerobic membrane bioreactor plus membrane aerated biofilm reactor by regulating nutrient ratios.

It is feasible to integrate an anaerobic membrane bioreactor with a membrane aerated biofilm reactor to efficiently implement the sulfate reduction, simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification process. However, the effect of parameters on nutrient removal and environmental impacts of the process are unclear. In this study, the reactor performance was mainly influenced by the chemical oxygen demand to sulfate (COD/S) ratio and the ammonium to sulfate (N/S) ratio in long-term operation.

Achieving Long-Term Stability of Partial Nitrification and Autotrophic Denitrification in an MABR Sulfide Dosing.

While partial nitrification (PN) has the potential to reduce energy for aeration, it has proven to be unstable when treating low-strength wastewater. This study introduces an innovative combined strategy incorporating a low rate of oxygen supply, pH control, and sulfide addition to selectively inhibit nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). This strategy led to a stable PN in a laboratory-scale membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR).

Novel Sulfate Reduction Coupled to Simultaneous Nitrification and Autotrophic Denitrification Process for Removing Nitrogen and Organics from Saline Wastewater.

Highly efficient sulfate reduction coupled to autotrophic denitrification plus nitrification is demonstrated by integrating an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) with a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR). Concurrent chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and sulfate reduction were accomplished in the AnMBR, while simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification were carried out in the MABR. Separate operation of the MABR achieved >90% total nitrogen (TN) removal when the N/S ratio was controlled at 0.

Multi-omics reveal various potential antimonate reductases from phylogenetically diverse microorganisms.

While previous work has demonstrated that antimonate (Sb(V)) can be bio-reduced with methane as the sole electron donor, the microorganisms responsible for Sb(V) reduction remain largely uncharacterized. Inspired by the recently reported Sb(V) reductase belonging to the dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (DMSOR) family, this study was undertaken to use metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to unravel whether any DMSOR family genes in the bioreactor had the potential for Sb(V) reduction. A search through metagenomic-assembled genomes recovered from the microbial community found that some DMSOR family genes, designated sbrA (Sb(V) reductase gene), were highly transcribed in four phylogenetically disparate assemblies.

Formation of nanoscale Te and its effect on TeO reduction in CH-based membrane biofilm reactor.

Formation and recovery of elemental tellurium (Te) from wastewaters are required by increasing demands and scarce resources. Membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) using gaseous electron donor has been reported as a low-cost and benign technique to reduce and recover metal (loids). In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of nanoscale Te formation by tellurite (TeO) reduction in a CH-based MBfR.

Base substitution mutations in uridinediphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase 76G1 gene of Stevia rebaudiana causes the low levels of rebaudioside A: mutations in UGT76G1, a key gene of steviol glycosides synthesis.

Steviol glycosides, extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert) Bertoni, are calorie-free sugar substitute of natural origin with intensely sweet (Boileau et al., 2012). Stevioside and rebaudioside A are the two main kinds of the diterpenic glycosides.

Organic acids on the growth, anatomical structure, biochemical parameters and heavy metal accumulation of Iris lactea var. chinensis seedling growing in Pb mine tailings.

The effect of citric acid (CA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the growth, anatomical structure, physiological responses and lead (Pb) accumulation of Iris lactea var. chinensis seedling growing in Pb mine tailings for 30 days were studied. Results showed that the dry weights (DW) of roots decreased significantly under both levels of CA.

Physiological response of Cu and Cu mine tailing remediation of Paulownia fortunei (Seem) Hemsl.

The physiological responses and Cu accumulation of Paulownia fortunei (Seem) Hemsl. were studied under 15.7-157 μmol L(-1) Cu treatments in liquid culture for 14 days; the impacts of Cu concentration in the seedlings were evaluated under Cu mine tailing culture with acetic acid and EDTA treatment for 60 days.

The physiological response and sub-cellular localization of lead and cadmium in Iris pseudacorus L.

The seedling development and physiological responses of Iris pseudacorus L. to Pb and Cd and their combination were studied for 28 days liquid culture and sub-cellular localization of Pb and Cd in the root tip cells treated with 2,070 mg L(-1) Pb and 1,000 mg L(-1)Cd for 16 days sand culture was evaluated. Results showed that the dry weights (DWs) of shoots and roots of I.

Tolerance and accumulation of lead by species of Iris L.

Seedling development, accumulation and distribution of lead (Pb) in Iris lactea var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz.

[Effects of Zn on the growth, Cd accumulation and physiological resistance of Iris lactea var. chinensis under Cd stress].

A solution culture experiment was conducted to examine the effects of Zn (1-100 mg x L(-1)) on the growth, Cd accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activities of Iris lactea var. chinensis under Cd stress (10 mg x L(-1)). The results showed that after the addition of Zn, the Cd content changed a little in shoots, but increased significantly in roots, with a trend of rising first and dropping then.

Cadmium tolerance and accumulation by two species of Iris.

Seedlings of Iris lactea var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz.