Comparison of sea buckthorn fruit oil nanoemulsions stabilized by protein-polysaccharide conjugates prepared using β-glucan from various sources.

To understand the influence of β-glucans structure on the emulsifying properties of protein-polysaccharide conjugates, sodium caseinate (NaCas) was utilized to form glycosylation conjugates with varying degrees of glycosylation (10.68-17.50%) using three β-glucans from bacteria, yeast, and oats.

A case report and literature review on tocilizumab-cured acute necrotizing encephalopathy caused by influenza A virus.

Introduction: Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE), is a kind of severe Central Nervous System Disease. The commonest pathogen is the influenza virus. The pathogenesis of ANE is bound up to genetic susceptibility and cytokine storm.

Complex insoluble dietary fiber alleviates obesity and liver steatosis, and modulates the gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet.

Background: Obesity has been demonstrated as a risk factor that seriously affects health. Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), as a major component of dietary fiber, has positive effects on obesity, inflammation and diabetes.

Results: In this study, complex IDF was prepared using 50% enoki mushroom IDF, 40% carrot IDF, and 10% oat IDF.

[Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic].

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a complex syndrome characterized by multi-organ involvement that has emerged in the context of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak. The clinical presentation of MIS-C is similar to Kawasaki disease but predominantly presents with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, and severe cases can involve toxic shock and cardiac dysfunction. Epidemiological findings indicate that the majority of MIS-C patients test positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester loaded in a targeted delivery system based on a solid-in-oil-in-water multilayer emulsion: Characterization, stability, and fate of the emulsion during in vivo digestion.

Many studies have shown that caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has various functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity, but its low bioavailability and stability limit its application. In this study, the colorectal targeted delivery system for CAPE based on a solid-in-oil-in-water (S/O/W) multilayer emulsion was prepared using CAPE-loaded nanoparticles as the solid phase, coconut oil as the oil phase, and a mixture of lecithin and sodium caseinate as the aqueous phase. The stability of the O/W interfacial layer was improved by using a sodium casein-lecithin mixture as the aqueous surface layer in the preparation.

Clinical characteristics of magnetic foreign body misingestion in children.

Magnetic foreign body misingestion (MFBM) is now occurring more frequently. It may cause remarkable mortality and morbidity in children. A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of children admitted to Xiamen Children's Hospital between March 2017 and July 2020 due to accidental MFBM.

Characterization of insoluble dietary fiber from three food sources and their potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.

Dietary fiber is an important nutrient for improving human health and controlling calorie intake, and is used to produce functional foods. In this study, insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from three sources (enoki mushrooms, carrots, and oats) was characterized and their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects were determined with in vitro and in vivo models. The results of Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the IDF from the three sources have different morphologies.

Effects of PEG surface density and chain length on the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of methotrexate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

Background: One of the most important aspects of drug delivery is extended nanoparticle (NP) residence time in vivo. Herein, we report a series of methotrexate (MTX)-loaded chito-san (CS) NPs coated with differently sized methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) at different mPEG surface densities.

Materials And Methods: MTX was incorporated into NPs (112.

TM4SF1 Promotes Proliferation, Invasion, and Metastasis in Human Liver Cancer Cells.

Transmembrane 4 superfamily member 1 (TM4SF1) is a member of tetraspanin family, which mediates signal transduction events regulating cell development, activation, growth and motility. Our previous studies showed that TM4SF1 is highly expressed in liver cancer. HepG2 cells were transfected with TM4SFl siRNA and TM4SF1-expressing plasmids and their biological functions were analyzed in vitro and in vivo.

c(RGDyK)-decorated Pluronic micelles for enhanced doxorubicin and paclitaxel delivery to brain glioma.

Brain glioma therapy is an important challenge in oncology. Here, doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide (c(RGDyK))-decorated Pluronic micelles (cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide-decorated Pluronic micelles loaded with doxorubicin and paclitaxel [RGD-PF-DP]) were designed as a potential targeted delivery system to enhance blood-brain barrier penetration and improve drug accumulation via integrin-mediated transcytosis/endocytosis and based on integrin overexpression in blood-brain barrier and glioma cells. The physicochemical characterization of RGD-PF-DP revealed a satisfactory size of 28.

The therapeutic effect of methotrexate-conjugated Pluronic-based polymeric micelles on the folate receptor-rich tumors treatment.

The therapeutic effect of methotrexate (MTX)-conjugated Pluronic-based polymeric mixed micelles (F127/P105-MTX) on the folate receptor-overexpressing tumors treatment was investigated in this study. Due to its high structural similarity to folic acid and the high expression of folate receptor in most solid tumors, MTX serves as not only a cytotoxic agent but also a homing ligand. Cellular uptake and the endocytic mechanism studies of MTX-conjugated mixed micelles were performed in folate receptor-rich KBv and folate receptor-deficient A-549 cancer cells.

Polyinosinic-cytidylic acid as an adjuvant on natural killer- and dendritic cell-mediated antitumor activities.

Previously, we demonstrated that treatment with E7(44-62) and the adjuvant polyinosinic-cytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) in a rodent model generates antitumor immune responses, but the effect of E7(44-62) with poly(I:C) on natural killer (NK)- and dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antitumor activities is still unclear. Our goal was to examine the antitumor effects of E7(44-62) with poly(I:C). We examined the ability of E7(44-62) with poly(I:C) to induce toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) expression, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA expression, and tumor cell-killing activity in human NK cells as well as its ability to induce CD11c and CD86 expression and proliferation in human DCs.

The antitumor effect of the toll-like receptor 3 ligand polyinosinic-cytidylic acid as an adjuvant.

Although polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) has been applied in tumor immunity as a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand, the interaction between poly(I:C) and TLR3 is still unclear, as are the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of poly(I:C). Our aim was to investigate the interaction between poly(I:C) and TLR3, as well as the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of poly(I:C). NK92 cells were maintained in medium (untreated group), or medium containing E7(44-62) (E7 group) or E7(44-62)+poly(I:C) (poly(I:C)/E7 group), and we measured the expression of TLR3 mRNA, p-p65, and IκB-α protein.

Protective effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on pancreatic encephalopathy in severe acute pancreatic rats.

Background And Aims: Pancreatic encephalopathy (PE) is a severe complication and significant cause of death in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). We have reported previously that low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment could reduce incidence of PE in SAP patients. Our objective here was to investigate the protective effect of LMWH and its mechanism on PE in SAP rats.

Combined detection of mRNA expression of Alpha-fetoprotein in peripheral blood and telomerase activity of monocytes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Background/aims: The detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in the peripheral blood is not only important for the diagnosis of FICC, but is also of critical importance for early detection of hematogenous metastasis of HCC. The purpose of this study was to measure Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA in the peripheral blood and telomerase activity in peripheral blood monocytes to determine their utility, in isolation and concert, in the early diagnosis of HCC.

Methodology: Nested RT-PCR was employed to detect the mRNA expression of AFP in the peripheral blood, and PCR-ELISA was used to measure the telomerase activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with HCC, benign hepatic tumors, chronic liver diseases and healthy subjects.

Randomized controlled study of plasma exchange combined with molecular adsorbent re-circulating system for the treatment of liver failure complicated with hepatic encephalopathy.

Background/aims: To evaluate the use of plasma exchange (PE) combined with the molecular adsorbent re-circulating system (MARS) for the treatment of liver failure complicated with hepatic encephalopathy.

Methodology: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted to compare the therapeutic effect of MARS treatment (MARS group, n=60) with that of PE combined with MARS treatment (PE+MARS group, n=60) in patients with liver failure complicated with hepatic encephalopathy.

Results: The serum total bilirubin and blood ammonia levels were significantly decreased compared with pretreatment levels after 3 days of both the MARS treatment (p=0.

Genomics of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent noncancerous tissues with cDNA microarray.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common primary cancer frequently associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, whether these identified genes are particularly associated with HBV-related HCC remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential gene expression between HBV-related HCC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues.

Biorthonormal transfer-matrix renormalization-group method for non-Hermitian matrices.

A biorthonormal transfer-matrix renormalization-group (BTMRG) method for non-Hermitian matrices is presented. This BTMRG produces a dual set of biorthonormal bases to construct the renormalized transfer matrix with only half the dimensions of the matrix of a conventional transfer-matrix renormalization group (TMRG). We show that under generic conditions, such biorthonormal bases always exist.

Effect of low molecular weight heparin on pancreatic micro-circulation in severe acute pancreatitis in a rodent model.

Background: Alleviation of microcirculation disorders in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can improve survival rates, and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is well known to have potent ameliorative effect on microcirculation disorders caused by anti-coagulant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of LMWH on pancreatic microcirculation in SAP in rats.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation (S) group, SAP group, and LMWH treatment (LT) group.

Recognition of microcalcifications in digital mammograms based on Markov random field and deterministic fractal modeling.

We studied the performance of microcalcifications (MCs) recognition in digital mammograms using the combination of 4th order Markov random field (MRF) and deterministic fractal model (FM). Fifty 88 x 88 ROI samples are selected for computer experiments, among which 25 samples are attributed to class MCs and another 25 samples to class normal. We employed a three-layer backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and the leave-one-out method to test the proposed method.

Detection of microcalcifications in digital mammograms using wavelet filter and Markov random field model.

Clustered microcalcifcations (MCs) in digitized mammograms has been widely recognized as an early sign of breast cancer in women. This work is devoted to developing a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for the detection of MCs in digital mammograms. Such a task actually involves two key issues: detection of suspicious MCs and recognition of true MCs.

[Preliminary study on proteomic patterns in hepatic tissue to identify HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To identify proteomic patterns in hepatic tissues for diagnosing early HBV related HCC.

Methods: Proteomic spectra were generated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), A preliminary "raining" set of spectra derived from analysis of 14 cancer tissues and 14 non-cancer tissues, a proteomic patterns that completely discriminated cancer from non-cancer was identified. The discovered pattern was then used to classify an independent set of 48 masked samples: 24 from cancer tissues, and 24 from non-cancer tissues.