Stabilization of Organic Cations in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Using Phosphine Oxides Derivatives.

Preventing ion migration in perovskite photovoltaics is key to achieving stable and efficient devices. The activation energy for ion migration is affected by the chemical environment surrounding the ions. Thus, the migration of organic cations in lead halide perovskites can be mitigated by engineering their local interactions, for example through hydrogen bonding.

Realizing High Brightness Quasi-2D Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off via Multifunctional Interface Engineering.

Quasi-2D perovskites have recently flourished in the field of luminescence due to the quantum-confinement effect and the efficient energy transfer between different n phases resulting in exceptional optical properties. However, owing to the lower conductivity and poor charge injection, quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) typically suffer from low brightness and high-efficiency roll-off at high current densities compared to 3D perovskite-based PeLEDs, which is undoubtedly one of the most critical issues in this field. In this work, quasi-2D PeLEDs with high brightness, reduced trap density, and low-efficiency roll-off are successfully demonstrated by introducing a thin layer of conductive phosphine oxide at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface.

Enhancing the Performance of Quasi-2D Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Using Natural Cyclic Molecules with Distinct Phase Regulation Behaviors.

In this study, two natural small molecules, α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), are used as additives to improve the performance of quasi-2D PEACsPbBr ( = 3, herein) PeLEDs. Both of them are shown to efficiently passivate the quasi-2D perovskite films to afford improved film quality and morphology, but they exhibit distinct phase regulation behaviors possibly due to their different pore sizes. It reveals that α-CD effectively suppresses the formation of the low- phases ( ≤ 2), while β-CD better regulates the phase with a medium- value ( = 3).

Significantly reducing blood loss via a peri-articular injection of tranexamic acid during total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study.

Background: The administration of an intra-articular injection (IAI) of tranexamic acid (TXA) has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing both blood loss and transfusion rate during total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, few studies have reported the efficiency of a peri-articular injection (PAI) of TXA. We studied the efficiency of a PAI of TXA in reducing blood loss during TKA.

Methods: Fifty patients undergoing primary simultaneous bilateral TKA were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Application of Flexible Four-In-One Microsensor to Internal Real-Time Monitoring of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell.

In recent years, the development of green energy sources, such as fuel cell, biomass energy, solar energy, and tidal energy, has become a popular research subject. This study aims at a flexible four-in-one microsensor, which can be embedded in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for real-time microscopic diagnosis so as to assist in developing and improving the technology of the fuel cell. Therefore, this study uses micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology to integrate a micro humidity sensor, micro pH sensor, micro temperature sensor, and micro voltage sensor into a flexible four-in-one microsensor.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma: Clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome in a series of 13 patients.

Background: Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare soft tissue tumor that typically affects young patients. Similar to other soft tissue sarcomas, it has high pulmonary metastasis ability, whereas compared with other soft tissue sarcomas, it has high brain metastasis ability. Because of the rarity of the disease, most studies on ASPS have been case reports and small series studies.

Dual-Signal Microbial Biosensor for the Detection of Dopamine without Inference from Other Catecholamine Neurotransmitters.

Dopamine, one of catecholamine neurotransmitters, plays an important role in many brain functions and behavioral responses. In this study, we developed a novel dual-signal whole-cell biosensor for the detection of dopamine through the generation of red fluorescent proteins and 6-decarboxylated betaxanthin pigments. The proposed system responses specifically to dopamine with a detection limit of 1.

Preoperative nomogram to predict the likelihood of complications after radical nephroureterectomy.

Objectives: To construct a nomogram based on preoperative variables to better predict the likelihood of complications occurring within 30 days of radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Patients And Methods: The charts of 731 patients undergoing RNU at eight academic medical centres between 2002 and 2014 were reviewed. Preoperative clinical, demographic and comorbidity indices were collected.

Critical analysis of 30 day complications following radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: Patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) are often elderly and comorbid owing to associated risk factors for developing this malignancy. Perioperative complications may be significant in such a surgical population. We define the incidence and risk factors associated with perioperative complications occurring within 30 days of radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Rationale and timing of perioperative chemotherapy for upper-tract urothelial carcinoma.

Radical surgery alone for high-risk upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is often inadequate for long-term cancer control. Numerous studies implicate failure presumably attributable to metastatic disease. Therefore, multimodal therapy by way of perioperative chemotherapy is integral to improve cancer outcomes and disease-specific survival.

High rates of advanced disease, complications, and decline of renal function after radical nephroureterectomy.

Objectives: Recurrences remain common following radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for locally advanced upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We review a cohort of RNU patients to identify the incidence of locally advanced disease, decline in renal function, complications, and utilization of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

Methods: Institutional databases from 7 academic medical centers identified 414 RNU patients treated between 2003 and 2012 who had not received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Significant variability in 10-year cumulative radiation exposure incurred on different surveillance regimens after surgery for pT1 renal cancers: yet another reason to standardize protocols?

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: The topic of radiation safety has been hotly debated not only in the mainstream media, but also in the urological literature. Radiation exposure has been examined in urological diseases such as testicular cancer and urinary stone disease, with resultant recommendations for modifying surveillance imaging. Radiation risk with respect to surveillance regimens after RCC surgery has yet to be examined.

Residual fragments following ureteroscopic lithotripsy: incidence and predictors on postoperative computerized tomography.

Purpose: Residual fragments following ureteroscopy for calculi may contribute to stone growth, symptoms or additional interventions. We reviewed our experience with ureteroscopy for calculus disease to define the incidence and establish factors predictive of residual fragments.

Materials And Methods: Records associated with 667 consecutive ureteroscopic lithotripsy procedures for upper urinary calculi were reviewed.

Complications following prostate needle biopsy requiring hospital admission or emergency department visits - experience from 1000 consecutive cases.

Objective: • To review a contemporary cohort of patients undergoing a transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy (TRUS PNBx) at a single centre to determine the incidence of major complications necessitating hospital admission or emergency department (ED) visits.

Patients And Methods: • The charts of 1000 consecutive patients undergoing TRUS PNBx were reviewed. • All patients received peri-procedural antibiotic prophylaxis with either ciprofloxacin or co-trimoxazole.

Current status of ablative techniques for small renal masses.

The past few decades have witnessed a steady increase in the number of newly diagnosed small renal masses. Although historically managed by surgical resection, many of these small renal masses are now noted to be amenable to less invasive treatment modalities including thermal ablation or active surveillance. Contemporary series suggest that renal thermal ablation (including cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation), when selectively employed, can maintain oncologic efficacy comparable to extirpation while minimizing complications and treatment morbidity.

Variable prostate-specific antigen management patterns by nonurologist providers at a tertiary care medical center.

Objectives: To determine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) management patterns of nonurologist providers. Urologists are involved in the management of men's prostate health. In practice, nonurology providers are more likely to see patients in the screening setting.

The role of lymphadenectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Regional lymphadenectomy, with both its diagnostic and therapeutic roles, serves as an integral component of the management of many malignancies. Extended pelvic lymph node dissection (LND) is the standard of care for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, with the extent of lymphadenectomy correlating positively with cancer-related outcomes. Given their histologic similarities with bladder cancer, it is reasonable to hypothesize that a similar relationship exists for upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs).

Serological screening and toxoplasmosis exposure factors among pregnant women in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe.

The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe (DRSTP) from November 2003 to March 2004 was determined by detection of serum anti-T. gondii antibodies. A short questionnaire interview for pregnant women was performed to investigate risk factors associated with T.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pre-schoolchildren aged 1-5 years in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, Western Africa.

The prevalence status of Toxoplasma gondii infection in children of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe (DRSTP), Western Africa, is unknown to date. A serologic survey of T. gondii infection among pre-schoolchildren aged <5 years in the DRSTP was assessed by the latex agglutination (LA) test from November 2003 to March 2004.