[Research progress in raw and processed Raphani Semen and prediction of quality markers].

Raphani Semen, with both edible and medicinal values, is a typical Chinese herbal medicine with different effects before and after processing. The raw helps ascending and the cooked helps descending. This paper comprehensively summarizes the differences in chemical constituents and pharmacological effects between raw and processed Raphani Semen that are reported in recent years.

Efficient and Selective Extraction of Rhamnogalacturonan-I-Enriched Pectic Polysaccharides from Tartary Buckwheat Leaves Using Deep-Eutectic-Solvent-Based Techniques.

Tartary buckwheat green leaves are considered to be among the most important by-products in the buckwheat industry. Although Tartary buckwheat green leaves are abundant in pectic polysaccharides, their potential applications in the food industry are quite scarce. Therefore, to promote their potential applications as functional or fortified food ingredients, both deep-eutectic-solvent-assisted extraction (DESE) and high-pressure-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (HPDEE) were used to efficiently and selectively extract pectic polysaccharides from Tartary buckwheat green leaves (TBP).

Real-World Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes of HR+, HER2- Early Breast Cancer Patients in Japan: An Analysis with National Database(NDB).

Real-world evidence for clinical outcomes and treatment patterns in patients with hormone receptor-positive(HR+)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative(HER2-)early breast cancer(EBC)in Japan is limited. We aimed to provide recent evidence in this population using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Check-ups of Japan(NDB). Adults ≥20 years old who were diagnosed with HR+/HER2- breast cancer and underwent breast resection surgery were followed up.

Recent advances on the Role of Gut Microbiota in the Development of Heart Failure by Mediating Immune Metabolism.

The association between gut microbiota and the development of heart failure has become a research hotspot in recent years and the impact of gut microbiota on heart failure has attracted growing interest. From 2006 to 2021, the global research on gut microbiota and heart failure has gradually expanded, indicating a developed and promising research field. There were 40 countries, 196 institutions, and 257 authors involved in the publication on the relationship between gut microbiota and heart failure, respectively.

Development and Validation of Coding Algorithms to Identify Patients with Incident Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in United States Healthcare Claims Data.

Purpose: We sought to develop and validate an incident non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) algorithm for United States (US) healthcare claims data. Diagnoses and procedures, but not medications, were incorporated to support longer-term relevance and reliability.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC per Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) served as cases.

Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer patients prescribed cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors: large-scale data analysis using a Japanese claims database.

Purpose: The aim was to understand real-world cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 inhibitor use in Japan.

Methods: This retrospective observational study used a Japanese administrative claims database and included patients with presumptive hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer (ABC) prescribed CDK4 and 6 inhibitor therapy between December 2017 and March 2021. Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and selected clinical and safety outcomes were descriptively summarized.

Outcomes for Recurrent Mantle Cell Lymphoma Post-Ibrutinib Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a Japanese Administrative Database.

Introduction: Treatment options in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) failing ibrutinib are limited, with no standard therapies defined. This study aimed to investigate real-world treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with MCL following ibrutinib.

Methods: This study utilized a de-identified hospital-based claims database (Medical Data Vision) in Japan.

Real world incidence and management of adverse events in patients with HR+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer receiving CDK4 and 6 inhibitors in a United States community setting.

Objective: To examine the real-world incidence and management of select adverse events (AEs) among female patients with hormone receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC), receiving a cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4 and 6) inhibitor (palbociclib, abemaciclib, or ribociclib).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from the US Oncology Network iKnowMed electronic health record database for 396 patients with an initial MBC diagnosis on/after 1 January 2014 and receipt of first CDK4 and 6 regimen between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. In this descriptive study, the proportion of patients who experienced select AEs and associated dose modifications or discontinuations were reported.

Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of abemaciclib for the treatment of HR+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer.

Objective: This retrospective observational study described baseline characteristics, real-world treatment patterns, and outcomes among patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with abemaciclib in the United States.

Methods: De-identified electronic health record-derived data were used to describe patients who began abemaciclib treatment on or after 30 June 2016 and ≥4 months before data cutoff (31 December 2018). Real-world response (rwR) and real-world progression assessments were abstracted from clinical documentation.

Association of Albumin-Bilirubin Grade and Sequential Treatment with Standard Systemic Therapies for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using a Japanese Administrative Database.

Background: Evidence about the relationship between albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and sequential systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in real-world Japanese clinical practice is limited.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate ALBI grades and sequential treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in Japanese clinical practice.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a Japanese hospital-based administration database to assess treatment sequence in patients with confirmed advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and first prescription (index line) of lenvatinib (July 2014-June 2019; N = 1558) or sorafenib (July 2014-June 2016 [sorafenib-A; N = 1511] or June 2017-June 2019 [sorafenib-B; N = 1276]).

Development of a Prognostic Factor Index Among Women With HR/HER2 Metastatic Breast Cancer in a Community Oncology Setting.

Background: This study explored the impact of multiple prognostic factors on patient overall survival (OS) and real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR)/human epidermal growth factor 2 negative (HER2) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study used electronic health record data of patients in the United States from community oncology practices from January 1, 2008 to April 30, 2017. Eligibility included HR/HER2 MBC diagnosis in 2008 or later and prior systemic therapy for MBC.

Development and validation of coding algorithms to identify patients with incident lung cancer in United States healthcare claims data.

Purpose: Our aim was to develop and validate a practical US healthcare claims algorithm for identifying incident lung cancer that improves on positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity observed in past studies.

Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) (gold standard) were linked with Medicare claims. A 5% Medicare "other cancer" sample and noncancer sample served as controls.

Real-world survival outcomes of heavily pretreated patients with refractory HR+, HER2-metastatic breast cancer receiving single-agent chemotherapy-a comparison with MONARCH 1.

Purpose: In MONARCH 1 (NCT02102490), single-agent abemaciclib demonstrated promising efficacy activity and tolerability in a population of heavily pretreated women with refractory HR+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC). To help interpret these results and put in clinical context, we compared overall survival (OS) and duration of therapy (DoT) between MONARCH 1 and a real-world single-agent chemotherapy cohort.

Methods: The real-world chemotherapy cohort was created from a Flatiron Health electronic health records-derived database based on key eligibility criteria from MONARCH 1.

Treatment patterns, adverse events, and direct and indirect economic burden in a privately insured population of patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in the United States.

Background: Real-world evidence specific to HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) prior to introduction of CDK4/6 inhibitors is limited. In an effort to provide context for the introduction of new treatments, we assessed treatment patterns, adverse events, productivity loss, and direct/indirect economic burden in a privately insured population of patients with HR+/HER2- MBC.

Research Design And Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, patients aged 18-64 years, selected from MarketScan databases (2007-2014), were analyzed using descriptive and multivariable methods.

Ataxia as the main manifestation of tumor-like primary angiitis of the central nervous system: a case report and literature review.

Background: Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare disease, and tumor-like primary angiitis of the central nervous system is even rarer. Histopathology is the gold standard for tumor-mimicking PACNS. However, pathological diagnosis is relatively limited due to fewer biopsy opportunities.

Value of clinical trial narrative data to estimate the costs of adverse event management: a feasibility study.

The objective of this feasibility study was to determine the extent to which data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) may serve as a useful source for collecting health care resource use (HCRU) for the purposes of estimating costs of managing adverse events (AEs), specifically, grade 3-4 nausea and thrombocytopenia, which may be experienced during chemotherapy treatment. The feasibility study was conducted in four steps: (1) HCRU data were extracted from patient narratives in four phase 3 RCTs in non-small cell lung cancer; (2) missing HCRU data were imputed; (3) unit costs were applied to the resulting HCRU data set and costs of managing AEs were estimated; and (4) the overall utility of using RCT data as a source for estimating costs of AEs was evaluated. 33 nausea and 68 thrombocytopenia AEs met eligibility criteria and were evaluated in this study.

Identification and characterization of a novel group of natural anti-sense transcripts from RNA1.2 gene locus of human cytomegalovirus.

Background: Natural anti-sense transcripts (NATs), which are transcribed from the complementary DNA strand of annotated genes, exert regulatory function of gene expression. Increasing studies recognized anti-sense transcription widespread throughout human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome, whereas the anti-sense transcription of RNA1.2 gene locus has never been investigated.

Epigenetic inactivation of LHX6 mediated microcystin-LR induced hepatocarcinogenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin and P53 signaling pathways.

Microcystins (MCs) have been shown to be carcinogenic by animal and cellular experiments and found to be associated with the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through epidemiological studies. However, the molecular mechanism of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) induced HCC is still unclear. This study is determined to clarify the role and mechanism of LHX6 in MC-LR-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.

Epigenetic silencing of ALX4 regulates microcystin-LR induced hepatocellular carcinoma through the P53 pathway.

Recent studies have shown that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the principal factors that cause liver cancer. Previously we have found that Aristaless-like Homeobox 4 (ALX4) was differentially expressed in MC-LR-induced malignant transformed L02 cells. However, the expression regulation, role and molecular mechanism of ALX4 during the process of liver cancer induced by MC-LR are still unclear.

Treatment patterns, survival and economic outcomes in Medicare-enrolled, older patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.

Endocrine therapy (ET) remains a foundation of systemic therapy for HR+/ HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC), although chemotherapy (CT) is used in select patients. In this "real-world" study, we explored treatment patterns, health care resource use (HCRU), costs, adverse events (AEs) and overall survival (OS) in Medicare-enrolled, older patients with HR+/HER2- MBC. Patients with HR+/HER2- MBC (2007-2011) and aged >66 years were retrospectively analyzed using the SEER-Medicare data.

Oxidative stress-induced angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis refers to new capillaries that sprout and remold from existing vessels. The mechanism of angiogenesis is very complex. Many factors promote angiogenesis in the body, and many factors inhibit angiogenesis.

Macrophage-derived CCL18 promotes osteosarcoma proliferation and migration by upregulating the expression of UCA1.

Osteosarcoma (OS), which is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, has a high incidence of pulmonary metastasis. CCL18 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 18), which is secreted by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), has been found to be increased in various tumors and is associated with tumor metastasis. However, the role of CCL18 in OS remains unclear.

Gene expression network regulated by DNA methylation and microRNA during microcystin-leucine arginine induced malignant transformation in human hepatocyte L02 cells.

Microcystin (MC) is a cyclic heptapeptide compound which could lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the underlying epigenetic regulation mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, microcystin-LR (L: lysine, R: arginine, MC-LR) was used to induce the malignant transformation of human hepatocyte L02 cell line.

[Effects and Mechanism of Yisui Lixue Decoction on Dyshaematopoiesis of Marrow Cell in Model Rats with Myelodysplastic Syndrome Induced by Dimethyl Benzanthracene].

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of Yisui Lixue decoction on dyshaematopoiesis of marrow cell in model rat with myelodysplastic syndrome( MDS) induced by dimethyl benzanthracene( DMBA).

Methods: The model rats with MDS were induced by the chemical mutagens DMBA,which randomly divided into normal control group,physiological saline model group,compound Zaofan pill group, low dose group and high dose group of Yisui Lixue decoction,with 12 rats in each group. The rats were treated with different drugs for one month from the 14 th day, and executed on the 31 th day.