First molecular evidence of bovine hemoplasmas in houseflies (Musca domestica).

Background: Hemoplasma infections in cattle are caused by Mycoplasma wenyonii and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos and induce asymptomatic or chronic infections but occasionally lead to life-threatening hemolytic anemia. Despite the global distribution of bovine hemoplasmas, information regarding their transmission vectors and prevalence is still lacking in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the infection rate of bovine hemoplasma in cattle and houseflies and to assess the risk factors associated with hemoplasma infection in cattle.

In Vitro Effects of Zinc Compounds on the Candidacidal Activities of Salivary Antimicrobials.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc compounds on the candidacidal activities of lysozyme and the peroxidase (PO) and glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase (GO-PO) systems against Candida albicans.

Methods: Four zinc compounds were used: zinc chloride, gluconate, lactate, and sulphate. Three antimicrobial systems were used: hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL), the PO system [bovine lactoperoxidase (bLPO), potassium thiocyanate, and hydrogen peroxide], and the GO-PO system (bLPO, potassium thiocyanate, glucose oxidase, and glucose).

Guaijaverin and Epigallocatechin Gallate Complex Modulate Th1 and Th2 Cytokine-Mediated Allergic Responses Through STAT1/T-bet and STAT6/GATA3 Pathways.

We aimed to determine the and synergistic antiallergic effect of guaijaverin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) complex (GEC), and the antiallergic rhinitis (AR) properties of guaijaverin-rich and EGCG-rich (ILS-F-2301). GEC showed synergistic inhibition of β-hexosaminidase by 4.20% and interleukin (IL)-4, -5, and -13 by 4.

Guaijaverin And Epigallocatechin Gallate Exerts Antiinflammatory And Antiallergenic Effects Through Interleukin-12 Production.

Our aim in the current study was to determine the and synergistic antiinflammatory and antiallergic effect associated with the IL-12 production of guaijaverin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) complex (GEC) and ILS-F-2301 (2:8 extract of and ). Compared to EGCG alone, GEC showed synergistic inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 by 3.8, 5.

Molecular surveillance of zoonotic pathogens from wild rodents in the Republic of Korea.

Background: Rodents are recognized as major reservoirs of numerous zoonotic pathogens and are involved in the transmission and maintenance of infectious diseases. Furthermore, despite their importance, diseases transmitted by rodents have been neglected. To date, there have been limited epidemiological studies on rodents, and information regarding their involvement in infectious diseases in the Republic of Korea (ROK) is still scarce.

Urine metabolomics unravel the effects of short-term dietary interventions on oxidative stress and inflammation: a randomized controlled crossover trial.

Dietary biomarkers in urine remain elusive when evaluating diet-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. In our previous study, we conducted a randomized controlled crossover trial to compare the short-term (4-weeks) effects of the balanced Korean diet (BKD) with Western diets, including the 2010 dietary guidelines for Americans (2010 DGA) and typical American diet (TAD), on various metabolic indices in obese Korean adults. Building on this work, the current research focuses on the impact of these dietary interventions on oxidative stress (d-ROMs and BAP) and inflammation (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1) biomarkers in serum, and the concurrent urine metabolomes.

Sensors and Sensing Devices Utilizing Electrorheological Fluids and Magnetorheological Materials-A Review.

This paper comprehensively reviews sensors and sensing devices developed or/and proposed so far utilizing two smart materials: electrorheological fluids (ERFs) and magnetorheological materials (MRMs) whose rheological characteristics such as stiffness and damping can be controlled by external stimuli; an electrical voltage for ERFs and a magnetic field for MRMs, respectively. In this review article, the MRMs are classified into magnetorheological fluids (MRF), magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) and magnetorheological plastomers (MRP). To easily understand the history of sensing research using these two smart materials, the order of this review article is organized in a chronological manner of ERF sensors, MRF sensors, MRE sensors and MRP sensors.

A cell-free biosensor for multiplexed and sensitive detection of biological warfare agents.

The rapid and precise detection of pathogenic agents is critical for public health and societal stability. The detection of biological warfare agents (BWAs) is especially vital within military and counter-terrorism contexts, essential in defending against biological threats. Traditional methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are limited by their need for specific settings, impacting their adaptability and versatility.

Evaluation of haematological parameters in haemolytic anaemia caused by tick-borne pathogens in grazing cattle.

Background: No tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) causing haemolytic anaemia in cattle have been reported, except Theileria orientalis and complete blood count (CBC) profile is the only haematological parameter to determine the severity of regenerative haemolytic anaemia.

Objectives: To identify the causative agents of TBP-induced haemolytic anaemia and determine haematological parameters that indicate haemolytic anaemia in grazing cattle.

Methods: Eighty-two Korean indigenous cattle (Hanwoo) were divided into two groups: grazing (n = 67) and indoor (n = 15) groups.

Scoping review protocol of post-traumatic growth (PTG) in Korean cancer survivors.

Introduction: Cancer, a life-threatening chronic disease, is the leading cause of death in Korea, accounting for 27% of all deaths in 2020. Due to advancements in medical technology and early detection of cancer in Korea, the 5-year relative survival rate reached 70.7% (2015-2019), highlighting remarkable progress over the past decades.

The impact of a modified microbiota-accessible carbohydrate diet on gut microbiome and clinical symptoms in colorectal cancer patients following surgical resection.

A high-fiber diet is widely recognized for its positive effects on the gut microbiome. However, the specific impact of a high-fiber diet on the gut microbiome and bowel habits of patients with colon cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of a modified microbiota-accessible carbohydrate (mMAC) diet on gut microbiota composition and clinical symptoms in colon cancer patients who underwent surgical resection.

Sensitive Methods to Detect Single-Stranded Nucleic Acids of Food Pathogens Based on Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and Retroreflection Signal Detection.

Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) has recently gained considerable attention as a new platform for developing methods to detect various molecules, ranging from small chemicals to biological macromolecules. Retroreflection has been used as an alternative signal to develop analytical methods because it can be detected by using a simple instrument comprising a white light source and a camera. Here, we report a novel reporter protein that couples the capability of CFPS and the simplicity of retroreflection signal detection.

A Novel Tactile Sensing System Utilizing Magnetorheological Structures for Dynamic Contraction and Relaxation Motions.

It is well known that the rheological properties of magnetorheological (MR) material change under a magnetic field. So far, most works on MR materials have been oriented toward actuating characteristics instead of sensing functions. In this work, to realize dynamic tactile motion, a spherical MR structure was designed as a sensor, incorporating a magnetic circuit core to provide maximum dynamic motion.

A one-pot transcriptional assay method that detects the tumor biomarker FEN1 based on its flap cleavage activity.

Background: Detection of tumor biomarkers in body fluids is a significant advancement in cancer treatment because it allows diagnosis without invasive tissue biopsies. Nucleases have long been regarded as a potential class of biomarkers that can indicate the occurrence and progression of cancers. Among these, flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) plays an important role in DNA replication and repair, and also overexpressed in abnormally proliferating cells such as cancer cells.

Design of High-Performance Organic Nonlinear Optical and Terahertz Crystals by Controlling the van der Waals Volume.

In the development of new organic crystals for nonlinear optical and terahertz (THz) applications, it is very challenging to achieve the essentially required non-centrosymmetric molecular arrangement. Moreover, the resulting crystal structure is mostly unpredictable due to highly dipolar molecular components with complex functional substituents. In this work, new organic salt crystals with top-level macroscopic optical nonlinearity by controlling the van der Waals volume (V ), rather than by trial and error, are logically designed.

Examining Final-Administered Medication as a Measure of Data Quality: A Comparative Analysis of Death Data with the Central Cancer Registry in Republic of Korea.

Death is a crucial outcome in retrospective cohort studies, serving as a criterion for analyzing mortality in a database. This study aimed to assess the quality of extracted death data and investigate the potential of the final-administered medication as a variable to quantify accuracy for the validation dataset. Electronic health records from both an in-hospital and the Korean Central Cancer Registry were used for this study.

Molecular Detection of in Blood Samples of Domestic Livestock in the Republic of Korea.

, a major zoonotic pathogen distributed worldwide, causes severe infections in humans, animals, and birds. However, limited information is available regarding infection in livestock in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Herein, we determined the prevalence of infection in livestock in the ROK and identified animal species that can potentially transmit to humans.

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the Republic of Korea.

Giardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite that infects humans, companion animals, livestock, and wildlife. Infections in cattle caused by this parasite are often asymptomatic, but such infections can cause diarrhea, reduced weight gain, and ill-thrift in young calves. Although G.

Perceiving "Complex Autonomous Systems" in Symmetry Dynamics: Elementary Coordination Embedding in Circadian Cycles.

This study explored the biological autonomy and control of function in circumstances that assessed the presumed relationship of an organism with an environmental cycle. An understanding of this behavior appeals to the organism-environment system rather than just the organism. Therefore, we sought to uncover the laws underlying end-directed capabilities by measuring biological characteristics (motor synchrony) in an environmental cycle (circadian temperature).

ROCK and PDE-5 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Dementia: Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

Dementia is a disease in which memory, thought, and behavior-related disorders progress gradually due to brain damage caused by injury or disease. It is mainly caused by Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia and several other risk factors, including genetic factors. It is difficult to treat as its incidence continues to increase worldwide.

Secured and Deterministic Closed-Loop IoT System Architecture for Sensor and Actuator Networks.

Sensors, actuators, and wireless communication technologies have developed significantly. Consequently, closed-loop systems that can be monitored and controlled by devices in IoT environments, such as farms and factories, have emerged. Such systems are realized by means of cloud-level and edge-level implementations.