Proteomic profiling of TBC1 domain family member 21-null sperms reveals the critical roles of TEKT 1 in their tail defects.

Background: Approximately 7% of the males exhibit reduced fertility; however, the regulatory genes and pathways involved remain largely unknown. TBC1 domain family member 21 (TBC1D21) contains a conserved RabGAP catalytic domain that induces GDP/GTP exchange to inactivate Rabs by interacting with microtubules. We previously reported that Tbc1d21-null mice exhibit severe sperm tail defects with a disrupted axoneme, and that TBC1D21 interacts with RAB10.

Antibody-drug conjugates targeting HER2 for the treatment of urothelial carcinoma: potential therapies for HER2-positive urothelial carcinoma.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common cancer characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advancements in treatment, challenges such as recurrence and low response rates persist. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for various cancers, although their application in UC is currently limited.

Deleterious genetic changes in AGTPBP1 result in teratozoospermia with sperm head and flagella defects.

Approximately 10%-15% of couples worldwide are infertile, and male factors account for approximately half of these cases. Teratozoospermia is a major cause of male infertility. Although various mutations have been identified in teratozoospermia, these can vary among ethnic groups.

Identification of the Hepatic Metabolites of Flumazenil and their Kinetic Application in Neuroimaging.

Studies of the neurobiological causes of anxiety disorders have suggested that the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system increases synaptic concentrations and enhances the affinity of GABA (type A) receptors for benzodiazepine ligands. Flumazenil antagonizes the benzodiazepine-binding site of the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) complex in the central nervous system (CNS). The investigation of flumazenil metabolites using liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry will provide a complete understanding of the in vivo metabolism of flumazenil and accelerate radiopharmaceutical inspection and registration.

Current Surgical Treatment for Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.

This study aimed to present a comprehensive literature review of the efforts of a spinal cord injury workgroup in Taiwan regarding urologic surgery for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Surgical procedures should be viewed as a final option for managing patients with SCI who have persistent symptoms and complications that cannot be resolved by other means. Surgeries can be grouped according to their purpose: reducing bladder pressures, reducing urethra resistance, increasing urethra resistance, and urinary diversion.

[The Effects of Supportive Caring on Symptoms Distress, Nursing Needs, and Depression in Patients With Brain Tumor After Surgery: A Preliminary Study].

Background: Brain tumors are mainly treated with surgery. However, patients still experience many symptoms and nursing needs due to disease and treatment-related factors that, if not improved in a timely manner, may result in depression.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of supportive caring on symptom distress, nursing needs, and depressive symptoms in patients with brain tumor after surgery.

[Celebrating the 70th Anniversary of The Journal of Nursing].

The Journal of Nursing (JN) was first published in Taiwan seventy years ago in 1953 under its former name, Nursing Quarterly. The first issue of JN under its current name was published in 1961. JN mainly publishes academic papers.

[Human Health Rights: Discussing Health Inequality for Taiwanese Indigenous Peoples and the Appropriateness of Current Epidemic Policies].

Many studies from around the world demonstrate that COVID-19 has had significantly higher rates of infection, hospitalization, and mortality among indigenous and other vulnerable groups than among mainstream population groups. This situation has exposed and reinforced pre-existing health inequalities. This article investigates the rates of infection and mortality among different cultural groups during the COVID-19 pandemic, and then deconstructs the key elements related to systemic or structural racism.

[The Spread of the Epidemic Among Vulnerable Groups and Related Epidemic Prevention Issues].

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the adverse health, economic and social consequences of longstanding social inequality on various communities, groups, and individuals. Because they lack sufficient access to health and social resources, vulnerable groups affected by lower incomes, geographic remoteness, and/or low awareness of disease prevention and control measures are more susceptible to infection (McDonald, 2022; Mein, 2020; Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, 2021). According to The Lancet (2020) editorial board, vulnerable groups are defined as segments of the population disproportionately exposed to risk.

Localization Patterns of RAB3C Are Associated with Murine and Human Sperm Formation.

Background and Objectives: Septins (SEPTs) are highly conserved GTP-binding proteins and the fourth component of the cytoskeleton. Polymerization of SEPTs contributes to several critical cellular processes such as cytokinesis, cytoskeletal remodeling, and vesicle transportation. In our previous study, we found that SEPT14 mutations resulted in teratozoospermia with >87% sperm morphological defects.

[Analysis of the Effects of Femoral Nerve Block on Pain Level and Knee Mobility in Patients With Total Knee Replacement].

Background: Osteoarthritis is a common cause of inactivity and reduced quality of life in the elderly. Total knee replacement (TKR) surgery, a last-stage treatment option for osteoarthritis, often results in postoperative pain that influences knee flexion and the ability to perform prescribed rehabilitation exercises.

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the effectiveness of single femoral nerve block (FNB) on pain level and knee mobility in patients with TKR.

Tenofovir Hampers the Efficacy of Sorafenib in Prolonging Overall Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Sorafenib is a first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These patients may simultaneously receive anti-hepatitis B treatment if they are viremic. The () gene can serve as a biomarker to guide HCC treatments.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3: Indonesian Version.

The Nurses Professional Values Scale-3 (NPVS-3) is an important instrument for measuring the development and sustainability of professional values in nurses and nursing students. The translation, adaptation, and validation on this scale, including in Indonesia, is still very limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the Indonesian version of NPVS-3.

Resveratrol inhibits MUC5AC expression by regulating SPDEF in lung cancer cells.

Background: MUC5AC was recently identified to play important roles in the proliferation and metastasis of malignant mucinous lung tumor cells. Resveratrol (Res), a natural compound with anticancer effects in lung cancer cells, has been reported to inhibit mucin production in airway epithelial cells. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Res on MUC5AC expression in lung mucinous adenocarcinoma cells and the potential mechanisms.

[Enteral Feeding and Nutrition for Patients With Critical Illnesses].

Patients with critical illnesses often require nasogastric tube feeding (NG feeding) to support their nutritional and caloric-intake needs because of therapeutic issues and an inability to self-maintain proper nutritional intake. The four primary NG feeding methods include continuous feeding, cyclic feeding, intermittent feeding, and bolus feeding. Each method is unique in terms of timing and relative advantages and disadvantages.

[Nutritional Care in Acute and Chronic Illness].

Nutrition is essential for maintaining good health and preventing diseases, especially in patients suffering from acute or chronic diseases, infectious diseases, or critical illnesses because dietary intake involves both quantitative and qualitative changes and may disturb energy homeostasis (Richardson & Davidson, 2003). The metabolism of patients with critical illnesses is categorized as hypercatabolic, with significant loss of lean body tissue facilitated by the immune-neuroendocrine response of acute critical illness (Mechanick & Brett, 2005). Therefore, facing hunger during a period of physiological stress because of disease or treatment, results in an increased basal metabolic rate, accelerated protein breakdown, and increased energy and nutritional requirements in response to tissue damage, infection, and inflammation.

ACTN4 Mediates SEPT14 Mutation-Induced Sperm Head Defects.

Septins (SEPTs) are highly conserved GTP-binding proteins and the fourth component of the cytoskeleton. Polymerized SEPTs participate in the modulation of various cellular processes, such as cytokinesis, cell polarity, and membrane dynamics, through their interactions with microtubules, actin, and other cellular components. The main objective of this study was to dissect the molecular pathological mechanism of mutation-induced sperm head defects.

Deficiency of the Tbc1d21 gene causes male infertility with morphological abnormalities of the sperm mitochondria and flagellum in mice.

Approximately 2-15% of couples experience infertility, and around half of these cases are attributed to male infertility. We previously identified TBC1D21 as a sterility-related RabGAP gene derived from infertile men. However, the in vivo function of TBC1D21 in male fertility remains unclear.

[Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Intensive Care Patients and Their Families].

The population of survivors of critical illness has increased with advancements in medicine and technology. However, many patients and their families experience post-intensive care syndromes after discharge from intensive care units (ICUs) due to the comorbidities and side-effects of severe illnesses and related treatments. The problems faced by these survivors are mainly physical symptoms, cognitive disorders, and psychological problems (including anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress disorder).

[Intensive Care During a Global Epidemic].

The global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly increasing the number of patients who are critically ill with this disease, with the related rate of mortality expected to peak in 2020 (Alhazzani et al., 2020). As severe acute respiratory syndrome is the major cause of mortality after COVID-19 infection, patients with COVID-19 who are prone to severe acute respiratory problems may require mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO; Alhazzani et al.

Mechanism of Action of Botulinum Toxin A in Treatment of Functional Urological Disorders.

Intravesical botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection is effective in reducing urgency and urinary incontinence. It temporarily inhibits the detrusor muscle contraction by blocking the release of acetylcholine (Ach) from the preganglionic and postganglionic nerves in the efferent nerves. BoNT-A also blocks ATP release from purinergic efferent nerves in the detrusor muscle.

[The Effects of a Diet Education Program on Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Oral Cancer Patients Who Underwent Surgery].

Background: Surgery, the primary treatment for oral cancer, results in oral and facial structural defects that may cause difficulties in swallowing or mastication and thereby affect nutrition status and quality of life.

Purpose: This study was designed to understand nutritional status and quality of life in oral cancer patients who had undergone surgery and to examine the effects of a dietary education program on nutritional status and quality of life in these patients.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design was conducted.