Enhanced Performance of Sn-Based Perovskite Photodetectors Through Double-Sided Passivation for Near-Infrared Applications.

The development of high-performance Sn-based perovskite photodetectors is presented with double-sided passivation using large alkylammonium interlayers of PEAI and BDAI₂. This dual passivation strategy, applied to the top and bottom of FASnI₃ films, effectively improves film quality by reducing defect density, enhancing carrier mobility, and minimizing non-radiative energy losses at the interfaces. At 720 nm, the photodetectors demonstrate a responsivity of 0.

Changes in healthcare costs and utilization for Medicaid recipients who received supportive housing through a payer-community-based housing partnership.

Objective: To evaluate healthcare cost and utilization changes among Medicaid and dually eligible participants of a supportive housing program implemented by a managed care organization and community-based organization.

Study Setting And Design: Healthcare claims were reviewed retrospectively for 80 program participants in one urban Pennsylvania county between 1/1/2018 and 9/28/2023 who had ≥6 months of claims data in both pre- and post-housing periods. Eligibility included age >18 years, Medicaid/Special Needs Plan enrollment, and housing need.

Surgical excision and radiotherapy for brain metastasis from colorectal cancer: How frailty and comorbidity indices influence outcome.

The incidence of brain metastasis (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. This study aims to identify the clinical prognosticators and evaluate the prognostic validity of common comorbidity indices in patients with BM from CRC. This retrospective single-center study analyzed 93 patients with BM from CRC who received surgical excision and/or radiotherapy.

A computed tomography radiomics-based model for predicting osteoporosis after breast cancer treatment.

Many treatments against breast cancer decrease the level of estrogen in blood, resulting in bone loss, osteoporosis and fragility fractures in breast cancer patients. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate a novel opportunistic screening for cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL) in breast cancer patients using CT radiomics. Between 2011 and 2021, a total of 412 female breast cancer patients who received treatment and were followed up in our institution, had post-treatment dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination of the lumbar vertebrae and had post-treatment chest CT scan that encompassed the L1 vertebra, were included in this study.

Outcomes of surgery and subsequent therapy for central nervous system oligoprogression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.

Background: Oligoprogression is an emerging issue in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the surgical treatment for central nervous system (CNS) oligoprogression is not widely discussed. We investigated the outcomes of craniotomy with adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and subsequent therapies for CNS oligoprogression in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Clinically stable covid-19 patients presenting to acute unscheduled episodic care venues have increased risk of hospitalization: secondary analysis of a randomized control trial.

Background: Assessment for risks associated with acute stable COVID-19 is important to optimize clinical trial enrollment and target patients for scarce therapeutics. To assess whether healthcare system engagement location is an independent predictor of outcomes we performed a secondary analysis of the ACTIV-4B Outpatient Thrombosis Prevention trial.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the ACTIV-4B trial that was conducted at 52 US sites between September 2020 and August 2021.

Impact of Alcohol and Smoking on Outcomes of HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of adverse lifestyle factors on outcomes in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Methods: From 2010 to 2019, 150 consecutive non-metastatic OPSCC patients receiving curative treatment in our institution were retrospectively enrolled. HPV positivity was defined as p16 expression ≥75%.

Distinct Failure Patterns in Hypopharyngeal Cancer Patients Receiving Surgery-Based Versus Radiation-Based Treatment.

Background: To cure advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC), primary operation followed by adjuvant (chemo-)radiotherapy (OP-CRT) or definitive chemoradiation (CCRT) are the two primary options. This study aimed to compare the failure patterns and long-term survival outcomes of HPSCC patients treated with these two strategies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 2007 to 2015, 198 pathologically confirmed HPSCC patients receiving either OP-CRT or CCRT were retrospectively reviewed.

Safety and Efficacy of Sorafenib and Lenvatinib in Patients Who Underwent Surgery or Whole-Brain Radiotherapy for Brain Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Surgery or whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for the management of brain metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with improved survival. However, the efficacy of multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and possible bleeding complications have not been studied in these patients. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating TKI safety and efficacy in these patients.

Diagnosing Fungal Keratitis and Simultaneously Identifying and Keratitis with a Dot Hybridization Array.

Fungal keratitis (FK) is one of the most common microbial keratitis, which often leads to poor prognosis as a result of delayed diagnosis. Several studies implied that early differentiation of the two major FK, and keratitis, could be helpful in selecting effective anti-fungal regimens. Therefore, a novel dot hybridization array (DHA) was developed to diagnose FK and differentiate and keratitis in this study.

Identification of a modular super-enhancer in murine retinal development.

Super-enhancers are expansive regions of genomic DNA comprised of multiple putative enhancers that contribute to the dynamic gene expression patterns during development. This is particularly important in neurogenesis because many essential transcription factors have complex developmental stage- and cell-type specific expression patterns across the central nervous system. In the developing retina, Vsx2 is expressed in retinal progenitor cells and is maintained in differentiated bipolar neurons and Müller glia.

colonization is associated with decreased survival of -positive gastric cancer patients.

Background: An increased amount of () is frequently detected in the gastric cancer-associated microbiota of the Taiwanese population. is known to exert cytotoxic effects and play a role in the progression of colorectal cancer, though the impact of colonization on gastric cancer cells and patient prognosis has not yet been examined.

Aim: To identify dependent molecular pathways in gastric cancer cells and to determine the impact of on survival in gastric cancer.

Accelerated coronary calcium burden in breast cancer patients after radiotherapy: a comparison with age and race matched healthy women.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) might lead to atherosclerotic plaque buildup and coronary artery stenosis of breast cancer (BC) survivors, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) might be a sign of preclinical atherosclerosis. This study explores possible determinants affecting the acceleration of CAC burden in BC patients after adjuvant RT.

Methods: Female BC patients receiving adjuvant RT from 2002 to 2010 were included.

Trends in Stress Throughout Pregnancy and Postpartum Period During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Study Using Ecological Momentary Assessment and Data From the Postpartum Mothers Mobile Study.

Background: Stress is associated with adverse birth and postpartum health outcomes. Few studies have longitudinally explored racial differences in maternal stress in a birthing population in the United States during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study aimed to do the following: (1) assess changes in reported stress before, during, and after initial emergency declarations (eg, stay-at-home orders) were in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) assess Black-White differences in reported stress in a pregnant and postpartum population from Southwestern Pennsylvania.

Investigating the association between serum human papillomavirus type 16 E7 antibodies and risk of head and neck cancer.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major cause of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in Western countries. Less is known regarding its contribution to the OPC occurring in Asia. The current study aimed to investigate the association between antibody responses to HPV16 E7 and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Taiwan with 693 HNC cases and 1,035 controls.

Overcoming Radiation Resistance by Iron-Platinum Metal Alloy Nanoparticles in Human Copper Transport 1-Overexpressing Cancer Cells via Mitochondrial Disturbance.

Background: Radiation therapy remains an important treatment modality in cancer therapy, however, resistance is a major problem for treatment failure. Elevated expression of glutathione is known to associate with radiation resistance. We used glutathione overexpressing small cell lung cancer cell lines, SR3A-13 and SR3A-14, established by transfection with γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) cDNA, as a model for investigating strategies of overcoming radiation resistance.

Fabrication of Drug-Eluting Nano-Hydroxylapatite Filled Polycaprolactone Nanocomposites Using Solution-Extrusion 3D Printing Technique.

Polycaprolactone/nano-hydroxylapatite (PCL/nHA) nanocomposites have found use in tissue engineering and drug delivery owing to their good biocompatibility with these types of applications in addition to their mechanical characteristics. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of PCL/nHA nanocomposites persists as a defiance mostly because of the lack of commercial filaments for the conventional fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. In addition, as the composites are prepared using FDM for the purpose of delivering pharmaceuticals, thermal energy can destroy the embedded drugs and biomolecules.

Probing Transcriptome-Wide RNA Structural Changes Dependent on the DEAD-box Helicase Dbp2.

RNA helicases function in all aspects of RNA biology mainly through remodeling structures of RNA and RNA-protein (RNP) complexes. Among them, DEAD-box proteins form the largest family in eukaryotes and have been shown to remodel RNA/RNP structures and clamping of RNA-binding proteins, both in vitro and in vivo. Nevertheless, for the majority of these enzymes, it is largely unclear what RNAs are targeted and where they modulate RNA/RNP structures to promote RNA metabolism.

A Genomic Approach to Investigating Ocular Surface Microorganisms: Monitoring Core Microbiota on Eyelid Margin with a Dot hybridization Assay.

A sound ocular surface microbiota has been recognized as a part of ocular surface health following a growing body of evidence from next-generation sequencing technique and metagenomic analysis. However, even from the perspective of contemporary precision medicine, it is difficult to directly apply these new technologies to clinical practice. Therefore, we proposed a model based on dot hybridization assay (DHA) to bridge conventional culture with a metagenomic approach in investigating and monitoring ocular surface microbiota.

Investigating the health disparities in the association between lifestyle behaviors and the risk of head and neck cancer.

Many studies have reported a positive association between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and higher head and neck cancer (HNC) risk. Fewer studies have examined the impact of SES on the association between alcohol or cigarette use and HNC risk. The current case-control study (1104 HNC cases and 1363 controls) investigated the influence of education, a SES indicator, on the association between HNC and the use of alcohol, cigarettes, or betel quids in Taiwan, a country with universal health care.

Ecological momentary assessment of stress, racism and other forms of discrimination during pregnancy using smartphone technology.

Background: In the United States, there are considerable racial inequities in adverse perinatal outcomes. Exposure to racism, sexism, and other forms of oppression may help explain these inequities.

Objectives: To describe the application of real-time data collection using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and smartphone technology to assess exposure to stress, racism, sexism, microaggressions, and other forms of oppression.

Tear Proteomics Approach to Monitoring Sjögren Syndrome or Dry Eye Disease.

Sjögren syndrome (SS) or dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most complicated ocular surface diseases. The goal of this study is to elucidate the relationship of the changes in clinical indices of tear film (TF) homeostasis with respect to tear components to allow for SS-DED monitoring and avoid stably controlled SS-DED patients from re-entering a vicious cycle. This prospective case-control study compared stable SS-DED patients with non-SS-DED control from several aspects, including clinical indices for TF homeostasis, 2 DED diagnostic biomarkers (MMP-9 and lactoferrin), and the proteome of flush tears.

Validation of Alcohol Flushing Questionnaire to Identify ALDH2 Status in a Case-Control Study of Head and Neck Cancer.

Background: Carriers of the ALDH2*2 allele have impaired alcohol metabolism and are more susceptible to the development of alcohol-related cancers, including head and neck cancer (HNC). Screening for ALDH2*2 allele may identify high-risk individuals for alcohol health education. Although genotyping of ALDH2 is the most accurate way to identify ALDH2 deficiency, it may not be practical due to the cost and requirement for genotyping service.

Genome-Wide Discovery of DEAD-Box RNA Helicase Targets Reveals RNA Structural Remodeling in Transcription Termination.

RNA helicases are a class of enzymes that unwind RNA duplexes but whose cellular functions are largely enigmatic. Here, we provide evidence that the DEAD-box protein Dbp2 remodels RNA-protein complex (RNP) structure to facilitate efficient termination of transcription in via the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) complex. First, we find that loss of results in RNA polymerase II accumulation at the 3' ends of small nucleolar RNAs and a subset of mRNAs.