Complex effects of testosterone level on ectoparasite load in a ground squirrel: an experimental test for the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis.

Background: The immunocompetence handicap hypothesis suggests that males with a higher testosterone level should be better at developing male secondary traits, but at a cost of suppressed immune performance. As a result, we should expect that males with an increased testosterone level also possess a higher parasite load. However, previous empirical studies aimed to test this prediction have generated mixed results.

Synthesis of Spirooxindole-1,2-oxazinan-5-ones through 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol Promoted [3 + 3] Cycloaddition of -Vinyl Oxindole Nitrones and Oxyallyl Cations.

A variety of spirooxindole-1,2-oxazinan-5-one derivatives were prepared in moderate to excellent yields through 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE)-promoted [3 + 3] cycloaddition of -vinyl oxindole nitrones with oxyallyl cations generated from α-tosyloxy ketones under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that [3 + 3] cycloaddition might involve two possible reaction pathways, including direct [3 + 3] cycloaddition of -vinyl oxindole ntirones with oxyallyl cations, or the addition of TFE to -vinyl oxindole nitrones, sequential addition to oxyallyl cations, elimination, and cyclization. The present method features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, easy gram scalable preparation, and new applications of TFE.

Compact continuous-wave solid-state Raman lasers at 707 and 714 nm for laser trapping and cooling of atomic strontium and radium.

Two compact laser sources at 707 and 714 nm are realized efficiently by using a diode-pumped a-cut Nd:YVO laser with intracavity stimulated Raman scattering and sum-frequency generation (SFG). The fundamental wave at 1342 nm is generated by the F → I transition in Nd:YVO crystal. The Raman Stokes waves at 1496 and 1526 nm were obtained by placing the c-axis of the Nd:YVO crystal along the Ng and Nm axes of an Np-cut KGW crystal, respectively.

Synergistic Effect of Cation Composition Engineering of Hybrid Cs FA PbBr Nanocrystals for Self-Healing Electronics Application.

Mixed-cation hybrid perovskite nanocrystal (HPNC) with high crystallinity, color purity, and tunable optical bandgap offers a practical pathway toward next-generation displays. Herein, a two-step modified hot-injection combined with cation compositional engineering and surface treatment to synthesize high-purity cesium/formamidinium lead bromide HPNCs(Cs FA PbBr ) is presented. The optimized Cs FA PbBr light-emitting devices (LEDs) exhibit uniform luminescence of 3500 cd m and a prominent current efficiency of 21.

The pathophysiology and current treatments for the subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma: An updated review.

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare cutaneous T cell lymphoma, which is indolent in nature but could claim life if not correctly diagnosed and promptly treated. SPTCL is usually presented clinically as painless subcutaneous and erythematous nodules over the trunk or extremities. Active clinical vigilance for these subcutaneous nodules or panniculitis-like lesions is warranted.

Light Down-Converter Based on Luminescent Nanofibers from the Blending of Conjugated Rod-Coil Block Copolymers and Perovskite through Electrospinning.

We demonstrated a novel strategy for the preparation of light down-converter by combining rod-coil block copolymers with perovskite quantum dots (QDs) through electrospinning. Reports have shown that polymer deformability can be enhanced by incorporating a soft segment and controlled by varying the rod/coil ratio. Therefore, we first synthesized the rod-coil block copolymer through the click reaction of polyfluorene (PF) and poly(-butyl acrylate) (PBA).

A Modified Approach for Axenic Cultivation of Spores of Fern L. with High Germination Rate.

Spores are the primary way of spread and reproduction for ferns, a clade of seed-free vascular plants. However, no detailed protocol for ferns spore cultivation has been reported yet. Here we provide a modified approach for axenic cultivation of fern L.

An Optimized CTAB Method for Genomic DNA Extraction from Freshly-picked Pinnae of Fern, L.

As the sister clade of seed plants, ferns are significant materials for plant phylogeny research. However, the genomic DNA extraction protocol for fern samples like modified CTAB method still lacks robustness. Here, we found that the amount and condition of the pinnae samples are critical for gDNA extraction in fern, L.

Expression Analyses of Embryogenesis-Associated Genes during Somatic Embryogenesis of L. : New Insights into the Evolution of Reproductive Organs in Land Plants.

An efficient regeneration system somatic embryogenesis (SE) was developed for a fern species . Adventitious shoots, green globular bodies (GGBs) and calli were obtained with the maximal induction rate on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium of low concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) (0-1.0 mg/L), 2.

Sugar Treatments Can Induce Expression and Trigger the Accumulation of Storage Products during Prothallus Development of .

A seed is an intricate structure. Of the two development processes involved in seed formation, seed maturation, or seed program includes accumulation of storage products, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and induction of dormancy. Little is known about how these processes were originated and integrated into the life cycle of seed plants.